The following posts provide a snapshot of selected UK, EU and global financial regulatory developments of interest to banks, investment firms, broker-dealers, market infrastructures, asset managers and corporates.
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ESMA calls for clarity on the qualification of fractional shares
9 April 2025
The European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) has published a letter to the European Commission on the inconsistent regulation of trading of fractional shares across the EU. There has been an increase in the significance of fractional shares, which accounted for more than 10% of the total number of transactions reported in 2023-2024. However, shares and fractional shares are not uniformly defined under the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive (MiFID II) or the Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation (MiFIR), resulting in regulatory inconsistencies across the EU. ESMA states that while it has already taken action through its 2023 public statement to protect retail investors, uncertainty continues. The inconsistent treatment of fractional shares has the following key effects: (i) it impacts transparency and reporting requirements, (ii) it affects compliance with the MiFID systematic internaliser and share trading obligation rules; and (iii) it impacts the calculation of thresholds for data reporting services providers derogation criteria. ESMA believes consistent classification would help create a level playing field for firms and support retail participation in this market segment. ESMA suggests it would be beneficial to clarify that fractional shares, which replicate the key characteristics and trading environment of shares, should remain subject to the MiFIR rules for shares. -
EMIR 3: ESMA proposes clearing thresholds
8 April 2025
The European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) has published a consultation paper setting out draft regulatory technical standards (RTS) amending the RTS on the clearing thresholds (CTs) under the European Markets Infrastructure Regulation (EMIR). Under the latest revisions to EMIR, known as EMIR 3, the calculation of CTs will be amended (once these RTS enter into force), shifting away from distinguishing between exchange-traded derivatives (ETD) and over-the-counter (OTC) derivatives (where only OTC derivatives counted towards the threshold) to a framework based on the level of OTC-uncleared transactions. Financial counterparties (FCs) will need to calculate their uncleared positions and their aggregate OTC exposure (both cleared and uncleared) to determine if they exceed the CTs. Non-financial counterparties (NFCs) will be required to count only their uncleared positions towards the CTs.
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ESMA MiFIR review consultation package on derivatives transparency, package orders and CTP data
3 April 2025
The European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) has launched its consultation in relation to derivatives transparency, package orders, and input and output data for consolidated tape providers (CTPs). This is the fourth ESMA consultation package under the EU's MiFIR review workstream, and proposes a new standalone set of regulatory technical standards (RTS) for derivative transparency ahead of a future comprehensive recast of the current RTS on non-equity transparency (RTS 2). It also includes draft amends to the respective RTS for package orders and data for CTPs. ESMA proposes a new derivatives transparency regime as per the new scope defined by MiFIR, which was amended so that the regime applies to derivatives based on certain characteristics rather than simply delineating between those traded on- and off-venue. The consultation sets out detailed calibrations as to liquidity determination (relevant for both pre-trade transparency waivers and post-trade deferrals), and the size thresholds, and duration periods to be used for the new deferral regime. The deadline for comments is 3 July. ESMA will then publish its final report, and submit the technical standards to the European Commission in Q4. -
ESMA 2024 CCP peer review report
2 April 2025
The European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) has published its 2024 peer review report in respect of central counterparties (CCPs), as required by Regulation (EU) No 648/2012 (EMIR). The focus of the report is supervisory activities related to the EMIR requirements for outsourcing and intragroup governance arrangements. The report covered supervisory activities of all competent authorities of authorised CCPs conducted in 2022 and 2023 and found that for the most part, competent authorities managed CCP colleges compliantly. In terms of the three supervisory expectations specified in the mandate for this peer review, the report concluded the following:- Regarding the notification process for new outsourcing arrangements, most competent authorities met (fully or largely) this expectation with the exception of three authorities which did not require CCPs to have complete written outsourcing agreements in place.
- Regarding the compliance of CCP outsourcing arrangements with EMIR requirements, all competent authorities met this expectation.
- Regarding the compliance with EMIR of CCP governance arrangements in relation to outsourcing, all competent authorities met (fully or largely) this expectation.
The report includes recommendations directed at specific competent authorities in respect of areas identified for improvement. Authorities are expected to address these recommendations within a year from the publication of the report. -
UK regulators consult on changes to margin requirements for non-centrally cleared derivatives
27 March 2025
The Prudential Regulation Authority (PRA) and Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) have opened a consultation on margin requirements for non-centrally cleared derivatives. The proposals are to:- Make permanent the current temporary exemption, which is due to expire 4 January 2026, for single-stock equity options and index options from the UK bilateral margining requirements. The EU had the same temporary exemption until 24 December 2024 when the latest revisions to the European Market Infrastructure Regulation, known as EMIR 3, made the exemption permanent. We discuss this change and others in our client bulletin, "EMIR 3 - Impact on uncleared OTC derivatives markets". Both the UK and EU allow provision for the exemptions to change, if in future other jurisdictions implement margin requirements for these derivatives.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
UK moves to permanently exempt UK and EEA pension schemes from the derivatives clearing obligation
18 March 2025
A draft of the Pension Fund Clearing Obligation Exemption (Amendment) Regulations 2025 has been published alongside an explanatory memorandum. The draft Regulations will amend the UK European Market Infrastructure Regulation (EMIR) to make permanent the temporary exemption from the derivatives clearing obligation for UK and EEA pension scheme arrangements. The temporary exemption is due to expire on 18 June. The draft Regulations will come into force on the day after they are made. The EU EMIR was recently amended by EMIR 3 to provide a permanent exemption from the clearing obligation where a counterparty trades with a non-EU pension scheme arrangement, subject to certain conditions being met.Topic : Derivatives -
EU recognition of UK CCPs extended
17 March 2025
Following the extension of EU equivalence for UK CCPs to 30 June 2028 under the EU European Market Infrastructure Regulation (EMIR), on 17 March, the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) announced the extension of the tiering and recognition of the three UK CCPs: ICE Clear Europe, LCH Ltd and LME Clear. The Bank of England published a press release on the same day welcoming ESMA's decision to ensure that EU market participants can continue to access the clearing services of the UK CCPs. In addition, ESMA and the Bank have agreed an amended Memorandum of Understanding governing cooperation and information sharing regarding UK CCPs, which take account of the changes brought in by EMIR 3. -
ESMA notifies EC of delay of certain deliverables
6 March 2025
The European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) has published a letter (dated 3 March) addressed to the European Commission on the prioritisation of ESMA's 2025 deliverables. ESMA's letter sets out specific items which ESMA intends to delay or which have been cancelled. In some instances the delays are made with the purpose of aligning ESMA's work with other initiatives. For example, the technical standards on buy-in under the Central Securities Depository Regulation Review are delayed until T+1 implementation is complete. The EU has committed to moving to T+1 by 11 October 2027. ESMA identifies the following as being included in its highest priority workstreams: (i) implementation of the latest amendments to the European Market Infrastructure Regulation, known as EMIR 3; (ii) the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive and Regulation Review; (iii) the Listing Act; (iv) the Central Securities Depository Regulation Review; (v) the T+1 project; and (vi) the review of the Alternative Investment Fund Managers Directive. ESMA is also prioritising new supervisory responsibilities relating to Consolidated Tape Providers, Green Bond verifiers, ESG Rating providers and oversight powers under the Digital Operational Resilience Act. -
EBA publishes discussion paper on EMIR fees for pro forma margin model validation
5 March 2025
The European Banking Authority (EBA) has published a discussion paper on fees to validate pro forma models under the revised European Market Infrastructure Regulation (known as EMIR 3). EMIR 3 requires that counterparties apply for authorisation to their competent authorities before using, or adopting a change to, a model for initial margin calculation used as a risk-mitigation technique for OTC derivative contracts not cleared by a CCP. The EBA is charged with establishing a central validation function for the elements and general aspects of pro forma models, and changes to those, and must charge an annual fee, per pro forma model, to counterparties using the pro forma models it validates. The EBA's discussion paper is intended to assist it in responding to a request from the European Commission for technical advice for preparing the delegated act setting out the method for the determination of the amount of the fees and the modalities of the payment of the fees.
In the discussion paper, the EBA outlines its approach to budgeting, the expected costs it will incur in carrying out this new role, expected fees per counterparty including the calculation methods and the modalities of payment. The EBA is seeking feedback on the (i) scope of the new tasks and corresponding costs; (ii) calculation of the monthly average outstanding notional amount of non-centrally cleared OTC derivatives over the past 12 months; (iii) fee calculation methods; and (iv) payment modalities. Responses to the discussion paper may be provided until 7 April. The EBA intends to provide its technical advice by 30 June.Topic : Derivatives -
UK FCA reminds derivatives market participants of impending end of reporting transitional period
4 March 2025
The UK Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) has published a reminder for derivative market participants to update their outstanding derivative reports to comply with the amended reporting requirements introduced in February 2023. The UK amended its reporting requirements under the UK European Market Infrastructure Regulation. The changes took effect on 30 September 2024, subject to a transitional period which ends on 31 March. The FCA states that firms should review their reporting arrangements to ensure that they have taken the required steps to amend their outstanding derivative reports ahead of 31 March. The FCA encourages firms that do not believe that they will be able to comply to proactively engage with the regulator regarding their circumstances.Topic : Derivatives -
EC consultation on commodity derivatives market
26 February 2025
The European Commission has published a targeted consultation document on a review of the functioning of commodity derivatives markets (including for these purposes emissions allowances) and certain aspects relating to spot energy markets. The outcome of this consultation will feed into the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive report with a view to making the EU commodity derivatives markets more efficient and resilient.
The consultation seeks stakeholders' feedback on a broad range of issues, including: (i) data aspects relating to commodity derivatives; (ii) the ancillary activity exemption; (iii) position management and position reporting; (iv) position limits; (v) circuit breakers; and (vi) other elements stemming from the Draghi report on EU competitiveness. Responses must be submitted by 9 April. -
UK Financial Conduct Authority policy statement on reforming commodity derivatives regulatory framework
5 February 2025
The Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) has published a policy statement (PS25/1) on reforming the commodity derivatives regulatory framework. The policy statement sets out the FCA's response to feedback on its consultation paper on the subject (CP23/27) and includes its final rules and guidance to be included in the FCA Handbook. Key changes made in response to the consultation feedback include: Scope of the position limits regime: the regime will be limited to the 14 critical contacts consulted on, including LME Aluminium and LME Tin. However, the approach to contracts that are closely related to these critical contracts but outside the scope of position limits will be less prescriptive than consulted on, allowing trading venues more discretion to calibrate scope. Exemptions: the FCA's proposed requirement for trading venues to only grant the hedging exemption where they are satisfied that the exempt positions can reasonably be managed—the so-called risk management condition—is being amended to be less prescriptive. Non-financial entities will no longer be required to submit a detailed stress test.
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European Central Bank publishes FAQs on initial margin models under EMIR 3
31 January 2025
The European Central Bank(ECB) has published FAQs on initial margin (IM) model approvals under EMIR 3. EMIR 3 requires, for the first time in the EU, counterparties to apply for authorisation before using, or adopting a change to, their IM calculation model. Applying validation and authorisation requirements for IM models was expected to cause difficulties for national competent authorities (NCAs) and counterparties immediately upon entry into force of EMIR 3. In 2024, the European Banking Authority (EBA) therefore published a no action letter confirming NCAs should not prioritise supervisory or enforcement action in relation to processing IM model authorisation applications.
The ECB's FAQs provide further information on the application of the new EMIR IM model authorisation regime, including: (i) which banks are affected by the EBA's no action letter on the application of EMIR; (ii) the ECB's interim approach to processing IM model applications, until the EBA's technical standards/guidelines become applicable; (iii) the approach significant institutions should take to obtaining authorisations for IM models in light of EMIR 3; (iv) the approach to be taken when more than one legal entity within a banking group is using an IM model; and (v) the length of time an approval process is expected to take.Topic : Derivatives -
Commission Implementing Decision extends temporary equivalence of UK CCPs
31 January 2025
Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2025/215 has been published in the Official Journal of the European Union, extending EU equivalence for UK CCPs under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation (EMIR). The Decision will apply from 1 July 2025 (the day after the EU's current equivalence decision expires, on 30 June 2025) and will expire on 30 June 2028. The European Commission published a press release on the same date, noting that the extension is designed to provide time for the implementation of EMIR 3. -
International bodies report on effective practices for streamlining variation margin in centrally cleared markets
January 15, 2025
The Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures and the International Organization of Securities Commissions published a final report on examples of effective practices for streamlining variation margin in centrally cleared markets. The report sets out eight effective practices which aim to provide examples of how standards set out in the CPMI-IOSCO Principles for Financial Market Infrastructures, as supplemented by the relevant guidance, can be met.
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International bodies report on streamlining variation margin processes and initial margin responsiveness of margin models in non-centrally cleared markets
January 15, 2025
The Basel Committee on Banking Standards and International Organization of Securities Commissions published a final report on streamlining variation margin processes and initial margin responsiveness of margin models in non-centrally cleared markets. The report follows on from the BCBS-CPMI-IOSCO September 2022 review of margining practices.
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International bodies issue final report on transparency and responsiveness of initial margin in centrally cleared markets
January 15, 2025
The Basel Committee on Banking Standards, Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures and the International Organization of Securities Commissions has published a final report on transparency and responsiveness of initial margin in centrally cleared markets. The report sets out ten final policy proposals, with the aim of increasing the resilience of the centrally cleared market ecosystem in times of market stress. The proposals are also designed to improve market participants' understanding of centrally cleared initial margin calculations and potential future margin requirements.
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European Banking Authority publishes no action letter on application of European Market Infrastructure Regulation 3 with respect to initial margin model authorization
December 17, 2024
The European Banking Authority has published a no action letter stating that competent authorities should not prioritize any supervisory or enforcement action in relation to the processing of applications for initial margin (IM) model authorization received as a result of the entry into force of EMIR 3.
EMIR 3 requires that counterparties apply for authorization to their competent authorities before using, or adopting a change to, a model for initial margin calculation. Compliance with this requirement immediately after EMIR 3 enters into force may cause difficulties for competent authorities and counterparties until the EBA has established its central validation function and the draft regulatory technical standards and guidelines setting out key requirements have been published.
The no action letter sets a registration process for counterparties in scope of IM model authorization for any first application submitted after EMIR 3 enters into force and for subsequent changes to such IM models. As per the no action letter, however, competent authorities should not prioritize the processing of such applications, until the draft RTS on Initial Margin Model Validation and the guidelines on application and authorization process mandated under EMIR 3 come into application. -
UK Financial Markets Standards Board transparency draft statement of good practice on the governance of sustainability-linked products
December 17, 2024
The Financial Markets Standards Board has published a consultation on its transparency draft of its statement of good practice on the governance of sustainability-linked products. SLPs are products whose financial and/or structural characteristics can vary depending on whether the user (i.e., borrower or issuer of, or counterparty to, SLPs) achieves specific sustainability or ESG objectives. They can be used for general corporate purposes, which allows many users (e.g., borrowers, issuers, or counterparties to sustainability-linked products) to access the sustainable finance market in a more flexible way. The FMSB's statement is intended to codify good practice for the governance of SLPs and support consistent approaches across asset classes and jurisdictions. It is hoped this will enhance the quality and integrity of SLPs; boost market confidence; help mitigate greenwashing risk; and support the development of a deeper, more robust sustainability-linked product market. The statement of good practice is intended to apply to service providers (e.g., firms acting as sustainability-linked loan lenders, bookrunners, or lead arrangers on a sustainability-linked bond issuance or counterparties to a sustainability-linked derivative) or users of SLPs in wholesale financial markets and to support, and be read in conjunction with, existing asset-class specific guidance (notably ICMA, LMA, and ISDA principles). The deadline for comments is February 21, 2025. -
Financial Stability Board publishes final report on liquidity preparedness for margin and collateral calls
December 10, 2024
The Financial Stability Board has published a final report on liquidity preparedness for margin and collateral calls. The report sets out policy recommendations to enhance the liquidity preparedness of non-bank market participants for margin and collateral calls in centrally and non-centrally cleared derivatives and securities markets (including securities financing such as repo). The FSB has analyzed recent incidents of liquidity stress, as well as completed a survey of financial authorities and feedback from industry stakeholder outreach events. Together, the FSB has found there is need for policy adjustments to deal with liquidity strains in the NBFI sector arising from spikes in margin and collateral calls during times of market stress. The findings suggest that while margin and collateral calls are a necessary protection against counterparty risk, they can also amplify the demand for liquidity by market participants if they are unexpected in times of stress and affect a large enough part of the market. The increase in such calls can impact market participants differently depending on the size of positions and level of liquidity preparedness. The FSB also identified liquidity risk management and governance weaknesses of some market participants as key causes of their inadequate liquidity preparedness for margin and collateral calls.
The FSB's eight policy recommendations in this report cover: (i) liquidity risk management and governance; (ii) stress testing and scenario design; and (iii) collateral management practices of non-bank market participants, focusing on liquidity risks arising from spikes in margin and collateral calls, including under extreme but plausible stressed conditions. The FSB explains that the recommendations should be applied proportionately to the underlying risks of different non-bank market participants. -
EMIR 3 Published in the Official Journal of the European Union
December 4, 2024
The EMIR 3 Regulation and Directive have been published in the Official Journal of the European Union and will enter into force on December 24, 2024. The EMIR 3 Regulation amends the European Market Infrastructure Regulation and applies from December 24, 2024, except for the amendments to the calculation of the clearing thresholds for financial counterparties and non-financial counterparties which will only apply once the related technical standards enter into force. The EMIR 3 Directive amends the Directive on Undertakings for the Collective Investment in Transferable Securities, the Capital Requirements Directive and Investment Firm Directive. Member States must transpose the EMIR 3 Directive into national laws and bring those into force by June 25, 2026. This aligns with the implementation date for CRD VI.
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The Markets in Financial Instruments (Equivalence) (Singapore) Regulations 2024
December 3, 2024
The Markets in Financial Instruments (Equivalence) (Singapore) Regulations 2024 have been published, together with an explanatory memorandum and de minimis assessment. The Regulations set out HM Treasury's determination that Singapore's regulatory and supervisory regime for trading in derivatives continues to be equivalent to the U.K.'s under U.K. MiFIR and allows U.K. counterparties to fulfil their derivatives trading obligation when they trade derivatives instruments on trading venues in Singapore.
Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2019/541, granting equivalence to Singaporean trading venues became part of assimilated law in the U.K. under the EU Withdrawal Act. However, equivalence applies only to those authorized trading venues listed in the Decision's Annex. Since assimilation, seven additional trading venues have been authorized and therefore the Decision, at the request of the Monetary Authority of Singapore, needs to be re-enacted and updated.
The Regulations come into force on December 31, 2024 and will replace the assimilated implementing decision, which will be revoked at the same time. -
New UK Financial Conduct Authority Direction for the Derivatives Trading Obligation
November 29, 2024
The U.K. Financial Conduct Authority has published a new direction for the U.K. derivatives trading obligation, together with an explanatory memorandum. The FCA's existing direction modifying the U.K. DTO using its Temporary Transitional Power expires on December 31, 2024. This allows firms subject to the U.K. DTO, trading with, or on behalf of, EU clients subject to the corresponding obligation under EU MiFIR, namely the EU DTO to be able to transact or conclude those trades on EU trading venues, providing that certain conditions are met. The purpose of this new direction is to provide continuity in the outcomes achieved through the TTP. In the continuing absence of mutual equivalence between the U.K. and the EU for the purposes of the U.K. DTO and EU DTO, certain market participants would be caught by a conflict of law between the U.K. DTO and EU DTO—in particular branches of EU firms in the U.K.—unless a new direction is issued. The new direction set out the same conditions as the existing direction, however the new direction only applies to derivatives subject to the DTO in both the U.K. and the EU. The new direction takes effect on the expiry of the previous one. -
International Organization of Securities Commissions Report on Principles for the Regulation and Supervision of Commodity Derivatives Markets
November 25, 2024
The International Organization of Securities Commissions has published a report on a targeted implementation review on principles for the regulation and supervision of commodity derivatives markets. In October, IOSCO conducted a targeted implementation review of five selected principles: Principles 9, 12, 14, 15, and 16 that aim to address excessive commodity market volatility, OTC derivatives transparency, and orderly functioning of the commodity derivatives markets. IOSCO believes that an appropriate implementation of the selected principles would help mitigate the impact of external factors which may disrupt commodity markets, as recently experienced. As such the report sets out IOSCO's recommendations to its members for improving the implementation of specific elements of the selected principles, as well as the intention to conduct further work in the OTC markets area.
Overall, the survey results show that the majority of respondents were broadly compliant with the selected principles. However, both regulators and exchanges identified significant challenges in implementing certain elements of the selected principles within OTC markets. Based on the results of the review, IOSCO anticipates additional work related to the issues with the ability of exchanges and certain regulators to collect and aggregate, on both an ad hoc and regular basis, information about OTC positions. The specifics of this work are still being determined, but IOSCO is committed to ensuring that any future developments align with IOSCO's strategic goals. -
International Organization of Securities Commissions' Final Report on Post Trade Risk Reduction Services
November 25, 2024
The International Organization of Securities Commissions has published its final report on post trade risk reduction services. The report highlights potential policy considerations and risks associated with the using and offering of PTRRS and presents seven sound practices in this area as guidance to IOSCO members and regulated users of PTRRS. The seven sound practices cover the following areas: (i) transparency, governance, comprehensibility, and fairness of the algorithm; (ii) operational risk; (iii) data integrity and security and regulatory data; (iv) legal certainty; (v) considerations of potential counterparty risk by IOSCO members and PTRRS users; (vi) market concentration and competition; and (vii) standardization and predictability of runs and file formats. The sound practices are designed to improve and complement existing market practices. The report reflects the results of the public consultation launched in January. -
European Securities and Markets Authority Consults on EMIR 3 Active Account Requirement
November 20, 2024
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published a consultation on the conditions of the Active Account Requirement under the amended European Market Infrastructure Regulation (EMIR 3). The active account requirement requires EU counterparties active in certain derivatives to hold an operational and representative active account at a Central Counterparty authorized to offer services and activities in the EU.
ESMA is seeking stakeholder input on several key aspects of the active account requirement, including the: (i) three operational conditions to ensure that the clearing account is effectively active and functional, including stress-testing; (ii) representativeness obligation for the most active counterparties; and (iii) reporting requirements to assess their compliance with the active account requirement. The deadline for comments is January 27, 2025. ESMA will then consider the feedback it receives to this consultation in Q1 2025 and expects to publish a final report and submission of the draft technical standards to the EC for endorsement as soon as possible. -
UK Conduct Authority Consults on Changes to the Derivatives Trading Obligation
July 26, 224
The Financial Conduct Authority has launched a consultation on three proposed amendments to different aspects of the U.K. derivatives trading obligation. The consultation is part of the Wholesale Markets Review. The Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation imposes a "trading obligation," requiring mandatory on-venue trading for financial counterparties and non-financial counterparties where they engage in transactions in derivatives that: (i) have been declared subject to the clearing obligation under the U.K.'s European Market Infrastructure Regulation; (ii) are admitted to trading or traded on at least one U.K. trading venue (a regulated market, multilateral trading facility or organised trading facility) or a third-country equivalent trading venue; and (iii) are sufficiently liquid. Responses to the FCA's consultation may be submitted until September 30, 2024. The FCA intends to publish its direction on the modification of the DTO in Q4.
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European Securities and Markets Authority Issues Public Statement on Use of Collateral by Non-Financial Counterparties Acting as Clearing Members
July 10, 2024
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published a public statement on deprioritizing supervisory actions linked to the eligibility of uncollateralised public guarantees, public bank guarantees, and commercial bank guarantees for Non-Financial Counterparties acting as clearing members, pending the entry into force of the latest revisions to the European Market Infrastructure Regulation, known as EMIR 3. We discuss EMIR 3, which is anticipated to enter into force in Q4 2024, in our note "EMIR 3 and Clearing in the EU".
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European Commission Consults on Draft Delegated Regulation for OTC Derivatives Identifying Reference Data
June 12, 2024
The European Commission has published consultation for a draft Delegated Regulation supplementing the Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation as regards OTC derivatives identifying reference data to be used for the purposes of the transparency requirements laid down in Article 8a(2) and Articles 10 and 21 of MiFIR. Following the MiFIR Review, MiFIR now clarifies that the pre- and post-transparency requirements for non-equity instruments applies to both exchange-traded and OTC derivatives. The post-trade disclosure obligation for investment firms was also amended and that obligation no longer applies to derivatives "traded on a trading venue," but it does apply to OTC derivatives traded by an investment firm either on its own account or on behalf of clients. The transaction reporting obligation applies to both types of derivatives.
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EU Consultation on Amendments to Commodity Derivatives Technical Standards
May 23, 2024
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published a consultation paper on proposed changes to the rules for position management controls and position reporting. These proposals arise out of the MiFID Review, and the resulting changes to the Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation and Directive, which were published in March. MiFID II requires national regulators to establish and apply position limits on the size of a net position in commodity derivatives traded on trading venues and economically equivalent OTC contracts. The limits apply to the size of a position that a person can hold, including any other positions held on behalf of that person by group entities. Trading venues are required to apply position management controls, including monitoring of open interest and obtaining information about the size and purpose of a position entered into, beneficial or underlying owners, concert arrangements, and any related assets or liabilities. Trading venues also have powers to require termination or reduction of positions and to require a person to provide liquidity back into the market at an agreed price and volume to mitigate the effect of a large or dominant position. The position reporting regime is intended to support the application and enforcement of position limits.
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EU Eases EMIR 3 Clearing Mandate
02/19/2024
The Council of the European Union and European Parliament have reached provisional political agreement on the latest revisions to the European Market Infrastructure Regulation, publishing on February 14, 2024, the agreed text of the EMIR 3 Regulation and EMIR 3 Directive. The controversial mandate for EU counterparties to hold "active accounts" at EU CCPs for all products, and to use such accounts for some products, has been substantially watered down from the European Commission's December 2022 proposal (we discussed the Commission's proposals in our client note, "Clearing in the EU After EMIR 3").
According to the final draft text, in-scope counterparties for the new "active account" requirement will be required to open and maintain accounts with EU CCPs and clear some transactions through EU CCPs for in-scope products. However, the Commission's (and some member states') ambitious and misguided attempt to force market relocations into Europe seem to have faltered. Even the largest EU derivatives traders (with EUR 6 billion + of open positions) need only clear a minimum of five (5) trades per annum for sub-categories each of the in-scope categories of products. In-scope products are interest rate derivatives denominated in euro and Polish zloty; and Short-Term Interest Rate Derivatives (STIR) denominated in euro. It had previously been proposed for CDS denominated in euro to be included, but this product is no longer in scope.
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UK Regulator Consults on Proposed Reforms to the Commodity Derivatives Regulatory Framework
12/08/2023
The U.K. Financial Conduct Authority has launched a consultation on proposals for reforming the commodity derivatives regulatory framework, which covers position limits, the exemptions from those limits, position management controls, the reporting regime and the ancillary activities test. Responses to the consultation may be submitted until February 16, 2024.
The Financial Services and Markets Act 2023 has already made several reforms to the U.K.'s commodity derivatives regulatory regime. The MiFID II requirement for commodities position limits to be applied to all exchange-traded contracts and over-the-counter, or non-venue traded ("OTC"), contracts that are economically equivalent to exchange-traded commodity derivatives was revoked. Instead, the FCA will decide the scope of the commodity derivates to which position limits will apply. In addition, the powers for setting position controls were transferred from the FCA to the operators of trading venues. This contrasts with the EU approach, where position limits are not just set by the regulators, but actually in formulae in legislation, which have proven ill-thought-through and problematic for numerous markets. The FCA has retained the power to set position limits if certain conditions are satisfied, and has new rulemaking powers to establish how trading venues should set and apply position limits and what position management controls they should operate. Generally, the reversion of position limit controls to exchanges as self-regulatory organisations reflects the U.K.'s status quo ante, i.e., prior to MiFID II.
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HM Treasury Seeks Views on Clearing Exemption for Pension Schemes
11/29/2023
U.K. EMIR (the onshored European Market Infrastructure Regulation) generally requires the clearing at a central counterparty of all interest rate swaps and credit default swaps. As announced earlier this year, HM Treasury has launched a review of an applicable exemption for pension funds, with the publication of a call for evidence. Currently, pension schemes meeting certain requirements are exempt from the clearing obligation for a temporary period. The exemption was included in EMIR due to the difficulty that pension funds would find in funding margin calls; nominally, to provide CCPs with time to develop solutions for the transfer of non-cash collateral by pension schemes to meet variation margin calls. CCPs require highly liquid collateral, mostly cash, as variation margin, but pension schemes are not set up to hold large amounts of cash and would have to amend their business model at high costs to do so. In June, the Pension Fund Clearing Obligation Exemption and Intragroup Transaction Transitional Clearing and Risk-Management Obligation Exemptions (Extension and Amendment) Regulations 2023 extended the temporary exemption for pension schemes to June 18, 2025.
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UK Extends Clearing Obligation Exemption for Pension Funds and Intragroup Transactions
05/03/2023
On April 28, 2023, the Pension Fund Clearing Obligation Exemption and Intragroup Transaction Transitional Clearing and Risk-Management Obligation Exemptions (Extension and Amendment) Regulations 2023 were published, with an explanatory memorandum. These Regulations come into effect on June 12, 2023, and will extend the expiry date of the:- Exemption from the clearing obligation for pension schemes from June 18, 2023, to June 18, 2025. This means that U.K. and EEA pension funds will remain exempt from the U.K. clearing obligation. This change is made by amending U.K. EMIR, as provided for in the Over the Counter Derivatives, Central Counterparties and Trade Repositories (Amendment, etc., and Transitional Provision) (EU Exit) (No. 2) Regulations 2019.
- Temporary intragroup exemption provisions from December 31, 2023, to December 31, 2026. This means that the U.K. clearing obligation and risk mitigation measures will not apply to OTC derivative contracts between U.K. firms and their overseas group entities.
This is the first time that HM Treasury has used its powers to extend these dates.Topic : Derivatives -
UK Government Publishes Draft Legislation Revising Application of the Ancillary Activities Test for Commodity Derivatives and Emission Allowances
03/30/2023The U.K. government has published a draft statutory instrument (and related explanatory memorandum), which will be known as the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Commodity Derivatives and Emission Allowances) Order 2023. The draft SI will simplify the process for determining when a firm satisfies the “ancillary activities” test and reduce the burden on firms that apply the test. The changes were discussed under the Wholesale Markets Review and announced as part of the Edinburgh Reforms.
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EU EMIR 3 Proposals Published
01/19/2023
The European Commission published proposals to amend the EU's European Market Infrastructure Regulation (EMIR) in December 2022 (EMIR 3). According to the Commission, some of these measures are aimed at improving the competitiveness of EU CCPs and of EU clearing activities, and to reduce existing reliance by EU counterparties on U.K. CCPs. Since the Brexit referendum, the EU has been grappling with the bloc's continued reliance on U.K. CCPs. The most controversial aspect is a new mandate for EU counterparties to hold "active accounts" at EU CCPs for all products, and to use such accounts for some products.
EMIR 3 would also bring in several technical changes relating to the clearing thresholds and how these operate for non-EU exchange trade derivatives (ETDs) and the exemption for certain intragroup transactions. Other proposals seek to mitigate some of the issues arising from the strain on the energy market, in particular the difficulties in fulfilling margin obligations.
Our client note, "Clearing in the EU After EU EMIR 3" describes the EMIR 3 proposals in more detail. -
UK Regulators Propose Changes to Margin Requirements for Non-Centrally Cleared Derivatives
07/12/2022
The U.K. Prudential Regulation Authority and Financial Conduct Authority have issued a joint consultation paper on proposals to amend the U.K. Binding Technical Standards on margin requirements for non-centrally cleared derivatives (i.e., the U.K. version of Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2016/2251 on risk mitigation techniques). The BTS on risk mitigation techniques were onshored for Brexit, and the PRA and FCA are responsible for setting the requirements and are empowered to make adjustments, subject to approval from HM Treasury. The BTS supplement the European Market Infrastructure Regulation as onshored for Brexit, which requires counterparties to uncleared OTC derivative transactions to implement risk mitigation techniques to reduce counterparty credit risk. The BTS prescribe required margin amounts to be posted and collected and the methodologies by which the minimum amount of initial margin and variation margin should be calculated, as well as listing securities eligible as collateral, such as sovereign bonds, covered bonds, some securitization instruments, corporate bonds, gold and some equities. Responses to the consultation may be submitted until October 12, 2022. The regulators will consider the feedback and then send their proposed draft amending BTS to HM Treasury for approval. It is proposed that the changes would take effect on publication by the regulators of the revised BTS.
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LIBOR Transition: Further Proposed Changes to EU Clearing and Derivatives Trading Obligations
07/11/2022
The European Securities and Markets Authority has opened a consultation on proposals to amend the EU clearing and trading derivative obligations to reflect recent benchmark transitions from LIBOR to so-called risk-free rates. The scope of the EU derivatives clearing and trading obligations for interest rate derivatives based on LIBOR denominated in EUR, GBP, JPY and USD were amended earlier this year. Amendments to the Regulatory Technical Standards, which took effect on May 18, 2022, removed interest rate derivative classes referencing GBP and USD LIBOR from the clearing and trading obligations, removed IRD classes referencing EONIA and JPY LIBOR from the clearing obligation, and introduced a clearing obligation for IRD classes referencing three new risk-free rates, namely €STR, SONIA and SOFR.
ESMA is proposing to further amend the RTS to:- introduce a clearing obligation for overnight index swaps referencing TONA (JPY);
- expand the maturities in scope of the clearing obligation for OTC interest rate swaps referencing SOFR (USD); and
- introduce a derivatives trading obligation for certain classes of OTC interest rate swaps referencing €STR (EUR).
Responses to the consultation may be submitted by September 30, 2022. ESMA will consider the feedback before submitting for approval by the European Commission final draft amending RTS. -
European Securities and Markets Authority Publishes Regulatory Technical Standards on Revised Commodity Derivative Clearing Threshold
06/03/2022
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published a final report and Regulatory Technical Standards on its proposed increase to the commodity derivative clearing threshold under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. ESMA published a discussion paper on the EMIR clearing thresholds in November 2021. Following feedback, ESMA's proposed RTS will increase the clearing threshold for commodity derivatives from €3bn to €4bn.
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HM Treasury Confirms Policy Approach on Wholesale Markets Review
03/01/2022
HM Treasury has published its consultation response to the Wholesale Markets Review, setting out summaries of responses received to its proposals and how changes will be progressed. There are certain areas that HM Treasury will not progress at this stage, and which will be subject to further consideration.
For the proposals that are being taken forward, implementation may be by legislation or pursuant to the Financial Conduct Authority's rules. HM Treasury states that legislation will be brought forward when Parliamentary time allows. In certain instances, where details are currently set out in legislation, but would sit better in regulatory rules, the government intends to legislate to delegate responsibility to the FCA for preparing detailed rules, which it states will be part of the implementation of the Future Regulatory Framework review. The FCA is expected to consult on its proposals for existing rule amendments in the first half of this year.
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EU Grants Further Time-Limited Equivalence for UK CCPs
02/09/2022
An EU Commission Implementing Decision extending the equivalence of U.K. CCPs to June 2025 has been published in the Official Journal of the European Union. The equivalence decision applies to U.K. CCPs already established and authorized in the U.K. on December 31, 2020 and will apply from July 1, 2022, which is when the existing equivalence decision expires. Andrew Bailey, in his speech at TheCityUK Annual Dinner in February 2022, questioned why the equivalence decisions are time-limited. Most equivalence decisions for CCPs in other jurisdictions are not time-limited, although the EU is able to revoke a decision if a jurisdiction is deemed not to maintain equivalence with the EU regime.
The Decision follows the announcement yesterday by the Commission on the extension and the launch of a targeted consultation on the review of the central clearing framework in the EU. The consultation is seeking views on ways to improve the competitiveness of EU CCPs and clearing activities while also ensuring the appropriate supervision of their risks. The consultation closes on March 8, 2022. -
EU Consultation on CCP Procyclicality of Margin Requirements
01/27/2022
The European Securities and Markets Authority has opened a consultation in which it proposes to amend the requirements on EU CCPs relating to an additional charge related to the procyclicality of margin. Responses to the consultation should be submitted by March 31, 2022. The European Market Infrastructure Regulation requires CCPs to impose, call and collect margins to limit their credit exposures from clearing members. A CCP must also regularly monitor and, if necessary, revise the level of its margins to reflect current market conditions considering any potentially procyclical effects of those revisions. Procyclicality of margin is the term used to describe the fact that margin requirements for the same portfolio are higher in times of market stress and lower in calm conditions. Regulatory Technical Standards under EMIR set out requirements for CCPs to use at least one of three options to limit procyclicality to the extent that the financial soundness of the CCP is not negatively affected. Generally, the EU imposes higher (more costly) margin charges than most other jurisdictions, including the U.S. and other major financial centres, which have essentially no extra procyclicality charge for CCPs.
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European Securities and Markets Authority Provides Regulatory Forbearance for EU Clearing and Derivatives Trading Obligations in Support of LIBOR Transition
12/16/2021
The European Securities and Markets Authority has issued a statement in which it states that EU national regulators should not, from January 3, 2022, prioritize supervisory action for any failures by firms to comply with the mandatory clearing obligation under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation, for interest rate derivatives referencing EONIA, GBP LIBOR, JPY LIBOR or USD LIBOR and the derivatives trading obligation for IRD classes referencing GBP LIBOR or USD LIBOR. On November 18, 2021, ESMA submitted final draft Regulatory Technical Standards to amend the EU clearing and trading derivative obligations in support of the benchmark transition to risk-free rates. However, ESMA is aware of the time that the approval process may take and therefore considers that regulatory forbearance is appropriate. -
European Securities and Markets Authority Publishes Discussion Paper on Clearing Thresholds Under European Market Infrastructure Regulation
11/22/2021
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published a report and discussion paper seeking feedback on its review of the clearing thresholds under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. Responses should be submitted by January 19, 2022.
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European Securities and Markets Authority Publishes Proposed EU Clearing and Derivatives Trading Obligations Changes for LIBOR Transition
11/18/2021
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published a final report and final draft Regulatory Technical Standards to amend the EU clearing and trading derivative obligations for the benchmark transition to risk-free rates. To support the transition away from EONIA and LIBOR to risk-free rates such as €STR, ESMA is proposing to amend the scope of the derivatives clearing and trading obligations for interest rate derivatives denominated in EUR, GBP, JPY and USD. In particular, ESMA is proposing to:- Remove IRD classes referencing GBP and USD LIBOR from the clearing and trading obligations.
- Remove IRD classes referencing EONIA and JPY LIBOR from the clearing obligation.
- Introduce a clearing obligation for IRD classes referencing €STR, SONIA and SOFR.
The draft RTS have been submitted to the European Commission for endorsement. -
European Commissioner Announces Proposed Extension of Equivalence for UK CCPs
11/10/2021
European Commissioner McGuinness has announced that in early 2022 the European Commission will be proposing an extension of the time-limited equivalence granted to U.K. CCPs. The existing equivalence decision is due to expire at the end of June 2022. The Commissioner reiterated that the EU would continue to build out the capability of EU CCPs to reduce the reliance on U.K. CCPs. Furthermore, the EU will seek to strengthen the supervisory powers for EU-level supervision of CCPs. -
International Bodies Consult on Margin Practices
10/26/2021
An international consultation has been launched on the review of margining practices in the centrally and non-centrally cleared markets. The consultation is being run jointly by the Basel Committee for Banking Standards, the Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures and the International Organization of Securities Commissions. In March 2020, around the start of the COVID pandemic, large increases in margin occurred in the centrally and non-centrally cleared markets, furthering the so-called "dash for cash".
The consultation is considering a range of potential changes to the international framework, such as:- increasing transparency in the centrally cleared market;
- enhancing liquidity preparedness of market participants as well as liquidity disclosures;
- identifying data gaps in regulatory reporting;
- streamlining variation margin processes in centrally and non-centrally cleared markets;
- further work on evaluating the responsiveness of centrally cleared initial margin models to market stresses with a focus on impacts and implications for CCP resources and the wider financial system; and
- evaluating the responsiveness of non-centrally cleared initial margin models to market stresses.
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UK Regulator Amends Derivatives Trading Obligation for LIBOR Transition Purposes
10/15/2021
Following its July 2021 consultation, the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority has published a Policy Statement amending the list of derivatives subject to the U.K. trading obligation for the purposes of the LIBOR transition.
The derivatives trading obligation under the U.K. version of the Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation requires U.K. investment firms to conclude transactions in certain derivatives on U.K. regulated markets, multilateral trading facilities, organised trading facilities or third-country venues in jurisdictions benefiting from U.K. equivalence decisions. In the absence of any equivalence decision, the FCA used its Temporary Transitional Power to provide transitional relief from December 31, 2020 (the end of the transition period) until March 31, 2022 for U.K. firms, EU firms using the U.K.'s temporary permissions regime and U.K. branches of overseas firms. The trading obligation currently applies to certain fixed-to-float interest rate swaps denominated in EUR, USD and GBP, and to certain index credit default swaps (iTraxx Europe Main and iTraxx Europe Crossover).
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Bank of England Proposes Introducing Clearing Obligation for TONA Overnight Index Swaps
09/29/2021
The Bank of England has launched a consultation proposing to subject Overnight Index Swaps (OIS) that reference the Tokyo Overnight Average rate (TONA) to the U.K. derivatives clearing obligation under the U.K. version of the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. The BoE has already decided to remove contracts referencing JPY LIBOR from the clearing obligation starting December 6, 2021. Following recent announcements made by the Japanese authorities, the BoE now considers it appropriate to replace contracts referencing JPY LIBOR with contracts referencing TONA. The planned change would apply from December 6, 2021 or shortly thereafter. Responses to the consultation may be submitted until October 27, 2021.
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Bank of England Confirms Changes to Derivatives Clearing Obligation to Reflect Benchmark Reforms
09/29/2021
The Bank of England has published a Policy Statement and final changes to the contracts subject to the derivatives clearing obligation under the U.K. version of the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. The U.K. onshored European Market Infrastructure Regulation imposes a clearing obligation on U.K. firms that are counterparties to certain OTC derivatives contracts. The clearing obligation applies to Interest Rate Swaps denominated in seven currencies (EUR, GBP, JPY, USD, NOK, PLN and SEK) and to two classes of credit default swap indices (iTraxx Europe Main and iTraxx Europe Crossover). The details are set out in three sets of Binding Technical Standards—Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2015/2205, Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2016/592 and Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2016/1178.
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UK Taskforce on Innovation, Growth and Regulatory Reform Publishes Recommendations
06/16/2021
The Taskforce on Innovation, Growth and Regulatory Reform has published its report, making several recommendations for reforming the U.K.'s approach to regulation as well as practical suggestions for implementing the reforms. The main recommendation tasks the government with building a U.K. regulatory framework that has proportionality at its core and that is based on the principles of the common law. The report also provides specific proposals for regulatory reforms across several sectors, identified as high growth sectors, including the financial services sector. The TIGRR recommendations will be progressed by the newly established Brexit Opportunities Unit, which is being led by Lord Frost, Minister of State at the Cabinet Office. Consultations on proposals to implement these ambitious recommendations are expected later this year.
The TIGRR report recommends the approach to regulation is reformed along traditional common law lines, moving away from the EU codified system. The report suggests that the government reconsiders the approach to regulation with the aim of enhancing productivity, encouraging competition and invigorating innovation.
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International Bodies Launch Survey on Margin Calls
05/05/2021
The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, the Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructure and the International Organization of Securities Commissions has published a survey on margin calls as part of an investigation into liquidity shortfalls during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. The combined effect of government measures to contain the pandemic in March 2020, together with market uncertainty, job losses and travel restrictions triggered a pullback in economic activity and stress on market liquidity. The non-bank financial intermediation sector was found to be particularly vulnerable to the liquidity shock.
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UK Working Group on Sterling Risk-Free Reference Rates Publishes Paper on Ending New Use of GBP LIBOR-Linked Derivatives
02/24/2021
The U.K. Working Group on Sterling Risk-Free Reference Rates has published a paper on how market participants can meet the Working Group's intended deadlines for cessation of GBP LIBOR in derivatives.
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EU Delays Derivatives Margin for Brexit Novations
02/17/2021
An EU Commission Delegated Regulation amending Regulatory Technical Standards on the application of EU bilateral margining requirements under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation has been published in the Official Journal of the European Union. The amendments to the RTS further extend the temporary exemptions from bilateral margining requirements for the following products and transactions.
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EU Delays Clearing Obligation for Third-Country Intragroup Derivatives and Brexit Novations
02/17/2021
An EU Commission Delegated Regulation delaying the clearing obligation under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation has been published in the Official Journal of the European Union. The Delegated Regulation amends the three Regulatory Technical Standards on the clearing obligation, which provide for the application of the clearing obligation to interest rate swaps and credit default swaps. In particular, for intra-group derivatives transactions conducted with a third-country entity, the exemption from the clearing obligation will be extended until June 30, 2022. The EU has failed to determine whether many third countries are "equivalent" for these purposes, meaning that another delay is necessary to avoid penal charges on intra-group exposures of EU financial groups.
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EU Grants Equivalence to More US CCPs
01/28/2021
An EU equivalence decision for U.S. CCPs regulated by the U.S. Securities Exchange Commission that are "covered clearing agencies" under the SEC rules has been published in the Official Journal of the European Union. The decision paves the way for these U.S. CCPs to be recognized by the European Securities and Markets Authority upon which they will be able to provide clearing services to EU trading venues and businesses. Relevant U.S. CCPs that potentially would be covered by this designation but which were not previously granted equivalence include the Fixed Income Clearing Corporation, National Securities Clearing Corporation, The Depository Trust Company and The Options Clearing Corporation. ICE Clear Credit LLC also registered with the SEC, however, this CCP already benefits from EU equivalence as it falls within the previous EU equivalence decision for U.S. CCPs regulated by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission. ICE Clear Europe, which was an EU CCP until Brexit, is also recognized under the EU's temporary equivalence for U.K. CCPs. LCH SA is also registered with the SEC, but is an EU CCP and so the equivalence regime is not applicable to it.
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EU Consults on Potential Equivalence for Six Countries For Non-Centrally Cleared OTC Derivatives Risk Mitigation
01/20/2021
The European Commission has published for consultation draft equivalence decisions for six countries relating to the risk mitigation requirements for non-centrally cleared OTC derivatives under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. EMIR requires counterparties to non-centrally cleared derivatives to comply with requirements on timely confirmation, portfolio compression, procedures for reconciliation of disputes and the exchange of collateral, collectively known as the risk mitigation techniques. The European Commission is empowered to adopt an equivalence decision declaring that the requirements of a third country are equivalent to the EMIR requirements on risk mitigation. To date, only the U.S. and Japan benefit from such decisions, both limited in scope. Each of the draft decisions for each country are detailed further below.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
EU Markets Authority Confirms Position on Derivatives Trading Obligation Post-Brexit
11/25/2020
The European Securities and Markets Authority has confirmed its position, originally proposed in March 2019, that the derivatives trading obligation under the EU Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation will continue to apply without changes, and as things stand without any U.K. equivalency, after the end of the Brexit transition period on December 31, 2020.
The derivatives trading obligation requires EU investment firms to conclude transactions in certain derivatives on EU regulated markets, multilateral trading facilities, organized trading facilities or third-country venues in jurisdictions benefiting from an EU equivalence decision. The trading obligation applies to certain fixed-to-float interest rate swaps denominated in EUR, USD and GBP and to certain index credit default swaps (iTraxx Europe Main and iTraxx Europe Crossover).
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Revised Final Draft EU Technical Standards Published for Derivatives Margin and Clearing Obligations
11/23/2020
The European Supervisory Authorities have published final draft amending Regulatory Technical Standards on the application of EU bilateral margining requirements and the clearing obligation under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation in light of Brexit. The draft RTS are set out in two separate reports – one published jointly by the ESAs (covering the bilateral margining requirements for uncleared derivatives), the other published by the European Securities and Markets Authority (covering the clearing obligation for certain derivatives).
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EU Authority Updates Statements on Reporting Obligations Post-Brexit Transitional Period
11/10/2020
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published updated statements regarding the end of the Brexit transition period on December 31, 2020.
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UK Grants Equivalence to EEA CCPs
11/10/2020
The U.K. Central Counterparties (Equivalence) Regulations 2020 (SI No. 2020/1244) have been made, granting equivalence for EEA CCPs from 10:59 pm on December 31, 2020. The decision will enable U.K. businesses and trading venues to continue using the clearing services of EEA CCPs under the U.K. European Market Infrastructure Regulation after the end of the Temporary Recognition Regime, provided that the Bank of England grants the individual CCP concerned recognition status.
The EU has granted temporary equivalence for U.K. CCPs, which is set to expire in June 2022.
View the Central Counterparties (Equivalence) Regulations 2020, SI No. 2020/1244.
View details of the temporary equivalence decision for U.K. CCPs. -
International Swaps and Derivatives Association Letter on Timing of ISDA IBOR Fallbacks Protocol
09/21/2020
The International Swaps and Derivatives Association has written to the Co-Chairs of the Financial Stability Board Official Sector Steering Group seeking input on its proposed timing for the launch of its IBOR Fallbacks Protocol and IBOR Fallbacks Supplement. The Protocol and Supplement will implement fallbacks for derivatives contracts that reference discontinued or non-representative IBORs. The launch of the Protocol and Supplement is subject to approvals from various international competition authorities, which are still pending. Once the approvals have been obtained, ISDA intends to provide market participants with roughly two weeks' notice of the launch and effective dates of the Protocol and Supplement, allowing market participants to adhere to the Protocol 'in escrow' prior to its launch date. ISDA expects the effective dates of the Protocol and Supplement to occur approximately three months after the launch date, and in any case not before the second half of January 2021.
View ISDA's letter. -
European Commission Decision Temporarily Establishes UK CCP Equivalence
09/21/2020
The European Commission has published a Decision temporarily determining that U.K. central counterparties will be deemed equivalent to EU standards under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. The Decision will apply from January 1, 2021 until June 30, 2022. The U.K.'s Brexit transition period ends on December 31, 2020, after which it will cease to form part of the EU's arrangement for financial services. The Decision grants equivalence for a limited 18-month duration.
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EMIR 2.2 Secondary Legislation Published
09/21/2020
Three Commission Delegated Regulations have been published in the Official Journal of the European Union, supplementing the revised European Market Infrastructure Regulation. The Delegated Regulations contain provisions related to the changes introduced by EMIR 2.2, the amending EU Regulation that came into force on January 1, 2020 and introduced changes to the procedures and authorities involved in the authorization of central counterparties and the requirements for the recognition of third-country CCPs. EMIR 2.2 also introduced a new tiering system for third-country CCPs, making non-systemically important (or "Tier 1") third-country CCPs subject to less stringent requirements than systemically important (or "Tier 2") third-country CCPs. The Commission Delegated Regulations all relate to third-country CCP provisions of EMIR 2.2 and will enter into force on September 22, 2020. They have been published in the form adopted by the European Commission in July 2020.
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European Central Bank Consults on Compounded €STR Rates
07/24/2020
The European Central Bank has launched a consultation on proposals to publish compounded term rates based on the euro short-term rate (€STR). The consultation closes on September 11, 2020. The ECB is requesting feedback on specific characteristics of the compounded rate using €STR. Publication would take place on a daily basis shortly after the €STR publication. Published maturities could range from one week up to one year. A daily index, making it possible to compute compounded rates over non-standard periods, is also envisaged.
View the ECB's consultation paper on compounded term rates based on €STR. -
European Central Bank Published Good Practice Guidance on Preparation for Benchmark Rate Reforms
07/23/2020
The European Central Bank has published a report on the results of its industry-wide assessment of Eurozone banks’ readiness for the benchmark interest rate reforms, which affect both EONIA and EURIBOR in the euro area. The purpose of the report is to share good practices that the ECB has identified in its horizontal assessment of the preparedness of Eurozone banks supervised under the Single Supervisory Mechanism. According to the ECB, banks need to improve their preparation for the reforms and escalate their implementation of risk mitigation measures.
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EU Consultation on Guidelines for SFT Position Reporting by Trade Repositories
07/09/2020
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published a consultation paper on proposed Guidelines on the calculation of positions in Securities Financing Transactions by trade repositories under the EU Securities Financing Transactions Regulation. The consultation closes on September 15, 2020. ESMA intends to finalize the Guidelines for publication in Q4 2020 or Q1 2021.
The proposed Guidelines aim to ensure consistency of position calculation by trade repositories to national regulators, including the time of calculations, the scope of the data used in calculations, the treatment of outliers, the recordkeeping of data and the calculation methodologies. They also aim to ensure a consistent methodology is used under SFTR and the European Market Infrastructure Regulation.
View the consultation paper. -
Final EU Guidelines on the Treatment of Structural FX Under Capital Requirements Regulation
07/01/2020
The European Banking Authority has published final guidelines on the implementation of the structural FX provision under the Capital Requirements Regulation. The CRR requires institutions to calculate their net open positions in currencies according to specified formulae but permits institutions to exclude positions that have been taken for hedging purposes and that are structural. The guidelines will apply to both firms and national regulators from January 1, 2022, to allow firms time to comply with the new framework. However, regulators should review, update or revoke permissions already granted before the guidelines apply.
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UK Legislation Made to Onshore EMIR 2.2
06/26/2020
The U.K. has published Over the Counter Derivatives, Central Counterparties and Trade Repositories (Amendment, etc., and Transitional Provision) (EU Exit) Regulations 2020 to onshore the new EU regime for third-country CCPs introduced by amendments to the European Market Infrastructure Regulation, known as EMIR 2.2. EMIR 2.2, which has applied since January 1, 2020, is part of the EU’s push to enhance the regulation of CCPs amid concerns regarding potential CCP failures given their increasing systemic importance and is widely regarded as a direct response to Brexit, given that three of the largest European CCPs are based in the U.K.
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European Securities and Markets Regulator Publishes 2019 Annual Report and Updated 2020 Work Program
06/15/2020
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published its 2019 Annual Report together with an updated version of its 2020 Work Program, incorporating changes in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
ESMA’s 2019 Annual Report discusses ESMA’s work in 2019, which included: (a) the entry into force of EMIR 2.2, including significant new responsibilities for ESMA in the authorization and supervision of CCPs; (b) ESMA’s common supervisory action on the application of the revised Markets in Financial Instrument Directive’s requirements on the assessment of appropriateness, for which ESMA will consider whether any follow-up work is needed in 2020; (c) reviews of MiFID II and the Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation, including on fair access to, and lowering the cost of, market data and the consolidated tape; and (d) sustainable finance, including technical advice delivered to the European Commission on the integration of sustainability risks for investment firms and investment funds into relevant EU legislation, a report on undue short-termism in securities markets and contributions to the technical expert group on sustainable finance which is due to deliver technical advice on delegated legislation relating to the EU Benchmarks Regulation.
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European Commission Publishes Draft Delegated Regulation on Fees Charged to Third-Country Central Counterparties
06/11/2020
The European Commission has published a draft delegated regulation on the fees charged by the European Securities and Markets Authority to central counterparties established in third-countries that are recognized by ESMA and able to provide clearing services in the EU. The draft regulation will supplement the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. EMIR was revised twice during 2019. The second revision (known as EMIR 2.2) introduced changes to the procedures and authorities involved in the authorization of CCPs and the requirements for the recognition of third-country CCPs. EMIR 2.2, is part of the EU’s push to enhance the regulation of CCPs amid concerns regarding potential CCP failures given their increasing systemic importance and is widely regarded as a direct response to Brexit, given that three of the largest European CCPs are based in the U.K. Feedback on the draft delegated regulation can be submitted until July 9, 2020.
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European Commission Publishes Draft Delegated Regulations on Criteria for Tiering of Third-Country CCPs and on Comparable Compliance
06/11/2020
The European Commission has published two draft delegated regulations, the first is on the criteria for determining whether a third-country CCP is systemically important and the second is on the minimum elements to be assessed by the European Securities and Markets Authority when assessing third-country CCPs’ requests for comparable compliance and the modalities and conditions of that assessment. The draft regulations will supplement the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. EMIR was revised twice during 2019. The second revision (known as EMIR 2.2) introduced changes to the procedures and authorities involved in the authorization of CCPs and the requirements for the recognition of third-country CCPs. “EMIR 2.2” is part of the EU’s push to enhance the regulation of CCPs amid concerns regarding potential CCP failures given their increasing systemic importance and is widely regarded as a direct response to Brexit, given that three of the largest European CCPs are based in the U.K. Feedback on the draft delegated regulations can be submitted until July 9, 2020.
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European Systemic Risk Board Announces Further Actions to Combat Impact of COVID-19
06/08/2020
The European Systemic Risk Board has announced a series of further actions designed to combat the impact of COVID-19 on European financial markets. The actions relate to the five priority areas already identified by the ESRB as requiring particular focus in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, as follows:- Implications for the financial system of guarantee schemes and other fiscal measures to protect the economy: the ESRB has published a Recommendation introducing minimum requirements for national monitoring of the financial stability implications of the various debt moratoria and guarantee schemes introduced by Member States to support economies through COVID-19 (Recommendation A); national regulators are also advised to regularly report information on these schemes to the ESRB in accordance with reporting templates to be published by the ESRB by June 30, 2020 (Recommendation B); national regulators implicated by the Recommendation should communicate the actions they have taken, or intend to take, in response to the Recommendation A by July 31, 2020 and Recommendation B by December 31, 2020;
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EU Consultation on Draft Guidelines on Outsourcing to Cloud Service Providers
06/03/2020
The European Securities and Markets Authority has opened a consultation on draft guidelines on outsourcing to cloud service providers. The draft guidelines cover: (i) governance, documentation, systems and procedures that firms should have in place; (ii) the assessment and due diligence to be undertaken before outsourcing arrangements are entered; (iii) minimum elements that outsourcing agreements should include; (iv) exit strategies; and (v) access and audit rights. The consultation closes on September 1, 2020. ESMA expects to publish the final guidelines in Q4 2020 or Q1 2021.
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European Securities and Markets Authority Publishes Updated Transparency and Position Limits Opinions for Third-Country Trading Venues
06/03/2020
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published two opinions on the application of post-trade transparency and position limits rules to third-country trading venues.
The first opinion relates to post-trade transparency requirements under the Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation. Under MiFIR, EU investment firms must publish information on transactions in financial instruments traded on an EU trading venue. ESMA’s opinion states that information about transactions concluded on a third-country trading venue should also be made public in accordance with MiFIR, but it is unnecessary for EU firms to republish such information where the transparency rules of the third-country trading venue are similar to those applicable to EU trading venues under MiFIR.
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European Securities and Markets Authority Publishes Final Technical Advice on FRANDT Clearing Services Provision Under EMIR REFIT
06/02/2020
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published its final report and technical advice on the conditions for clearing services providers’ commercial terms to be considered fair, reasonable, non-discriminatory and transparent, in accordance with changes introduced under the revised European Market Infrastructure Regulation, or EMIR Refit. EMIR Refit requires the European Commission to adopt legislation setting out these conditions by June 18, 2021. The Commission tasked ESMA with publishing technical advice on the conditions, which ESMA launched a consultation on in October 2019. ESMA’s final technical advice takes account of the responses received to the consultation.
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European Systemic Risk Board Actions on Five COVID-19 Priority Areas
05/14/2020
The European Systemic Risk Board has established five priority areas on which it intends to take action to combat the impact of COVID-19 on the EU financial system. In determining its actions, the ESRB hopes to ensure an effective response to the pandemic across the EU that prevents individual Member State actions from negatively impacting the EU Single Market and to take advantage of flexibility in regulatory standards to support financial institutions in providing financial services and liquidity.
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EU Moves to Further Delay the Bilateral Margin Requirements for Uncleared Derivatives
05/04/2020
The European Supervisory Authorities have published updated joint draft Regulatory Technical Standards amending the existing EU risk mitigation techniques for uncleared OTC derivatives. In December 2019, the ESAs published a draft RTS to amend existing bilateral margin requirements made under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation in line with certain clarifications made to the related international framework by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision and the International Organization of Securities Commissions. These updated draft RTS include all those amendments and also delay the upcoming bilateral margin requirements to bring the EU framework in line with the global timeline. In response to the coronavirus outbreak, the Basel Committee announced in April 2020, a one-year deferral for the implementation of the final two phases of the joint Basel Committee and International Organization of Securities Commissions' framework for non-centrally cleared derivatives margin requirements.
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International Swaps and Derivatives Association Announces Preliminary Results of LIBOR Pre-Cessation Fallbacks Consultation
04/15/2020
The International Swaps and Derivatives Association has announced the preliminary results of its consultation on pre-cessation fallbacks for LIBOR-referencing derivatives. The consultation was launched in February 2020, and sought industry responses on ISDA’s proposals to add a pre-cessation trigger to the LIBOR cessation fallbacks ISDA is proposing to implement in its standard documentation. The trigger would cause LIBOR-based derivative contracts to fall back to an alternative reference rate in the event that the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority deemed LIBOR to be no longer representative.
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Basel Committee on Banking Supervision Announces Further Measures to Alleviate COVID-19 Impact
04/03/2020
The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision has announced a series of measures designed to reduce the impact of COVID-19 on the global banking sector. The latest measures are designed to facilitate bank lending to the real economy and boost banks’ operational capacity to the financial strain of COVID-19. They follow the extension to Basel III implementation deadlines announced by the Group of Central Bank Governors and Heads of Supervision on March 27, 2020.
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European Securities and Markets Authority Publishes Advice on Fines and Penalties for Third-Country CCPs
03/31/2020
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published its final technical advice to the European Commission on procedural rules for imposing fines and penalties on third-country CCPs and trade repositories. The technical advice also covers the alignment of the rules with those applicable to EU credit rating agencies, which ESMA directly supervises. The European Commission mandated ESMA to produce the technical advice in response to changes made to the European Market Infrastructure Regulation by EMIR Refit and EMIR 2.2. EMIR Refit updated (amongst other things) the requirements applicable to trade repositories, including with respect to fines and penalties. EMIR 2.2 introduced investigatory and supervisory powers over CCPs for ESMA to ensure compliance with the new requirements, including the ability to request information from CCPs, appoint an independent investigation officer to investigate any possible infringements under EMIR 2.2 and impose fines.
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International Swaps and Derivatives Association Announces Results of LIBOR Fallbacks Consultation and New Pre-Cessation Fallbacks Consultation
02/24/2020
The International Swaps and Derivatives Association has published the results of its consultation on fallbacks to be introduced into standard ISDA documentation based on alternative risk-free rates for EUR LIBOR and EURIBOR. The fallbacks would apply if the relevant IBOR were to be permanently discontinued. Respondents to the consultation agreed with ISDA’s proposed approach of adopting a compounded setting in arrears rate with a backward-shift adjustment and historical median over a five-year lookback period approach to address technical issues associated with the fallback rates. ISDA therefore intends to develop fallback provisions on this basis. It will publish an anonymized summary of the consultation feedback in the coming weeks.
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EU Recommendations for Alignment of the EU Derivatives Trading and Clearing Obligations
02/07/2020
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published a final report and recommendations on aligning the trading obligation under the Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation with recent changes made to the clearing obligation under the European Markets Infrastructure Regulation by the EMIR Refit Regulation. ESMA's report to the European Commission will support the Commission's report to the European Parliament and Council that is due by December 18, 2020.
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Further Consultation on Pre-Cessation Fallbacks Announced
02/05/2020
The International Swaps and Derivatives Association has announced that it will be issuing later in February 2020 a further consultation on how to implement pre-cessation fallbacks. A “pre-cessation” trigger in derivative contracts would cause LIBOR-based contracts to fall back to an alternative reference rate in the event that the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority deemed LIBOR no longer to be representative.
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European Securities and Markets Authority Consults on Pre-Trade Transparency Regime
02/03/2020
The European Securities and Markets Authority has launched a consultation to collect the views of market participants on the pre-trade transparency regime applicable to systematic internalizers for “non-equity instruments” (which include bonds, structured-finance products, emission allowances and derivatives) under the Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation. A consultation on the transparency regime for equity and equity-like instruments has been launched separately.
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Bank for International Settlement Says Buy-Side Firms Need to Adopt Global FX Code
01/30/2020
The Chair of the Markets Committee of the Bank for International Settlements has written to the Chair of the Global Foreign Exchange Committee providing a brief assessment of the effectiveness of the FX Global Code. The FX Global Code was first published by the GFXC in May 2017. It superseded and substantively updated existing guidance for participants in FX markets previously provided by the Non-Investment Products (NIPs) Code. The Code comprises a set of global principles of good practice for the FX market, covering a broad range of areas, including ethics, governance, execution, information-sharing, risk management, compliance, trade confirmation and settlement. The Global FX Committee committed to reviewing the code every three years.
In the letter, the BIS Markets Committee sets out its assessment of and recommendations for improving the effectiveness of the FX Global Code. In particular, the Committee recommends that additional action is taken by the Global FX Committee to ensure that more of the large buy-side firms sign up to the Code.
View the letter. -
International Organization of Securities Commissions Priorities for 2020
01/30/2020
The International Organization of Securities Commissions has published its annual work program, setting out its priorities for 2020. IOSCO will continue to focus on the five areas identified by its Board in 2019 as well as one new issue. The areas of focus are:- Crypto-assets: following its consultation last year, in February 2020, IOSCO will publish a final report on issues, risks and regulatory considerations relating to crypto-asset trading platforms. IOSCO will also publish the outcome of its review of the regulatory risks relating to investment funds exposures to crypto-assets. Finally, a report will be issued in early 2020 on issues relating to Global Stablecoins.
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UK Conduct Regulator Clarifies Rules on Publication of Non-Representative LIBOR
01/20/2020
The U.K. Financial Conduct Authority has responded to a request from the International Swaps and Derivatives Association for clarification on the expected timeframes for publication of a non-representative LIBOR. The FCA (in conjunction with the Financial Stability Board) had previously requested ISDA to introduce “pre-cessation” triggers in its derivative contracts, causing LIBOR-based contracts to fall back to an alternative reference rate in the event that the FCA deemed LIBOR to no longer be representative. ISDA requested clarity about the length of the period during which such a non-representative LIBOR might be published prior to its total cessation.
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UK Regulators Push For More Action on LIBOR Transition
01/16/2020
The Bank of England, U.K. Prudential Regulation Authority, U.K. Financial Conduct Authority and the Working Group on Sterling Risk-Free Reference Rates have published a set of documents outlining priorities and milestones for 2020 on LIBOR transition.
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International Swaps and Derivatives Association Publishes FAQs on IBOR Fallback Rate Adjustments
01/10/2020
The International Swaps and Derivatives Association has published a set of Frequently Asked Questions on Interbank Offered Rate Fallback Rate adjustments. The FAQs are part of ISDA's preparations for the sweeping changes being made to global interest rate benchmarks, which may see a transition from IBORs to overnight risk free rates. Parties to derivatives contracts that currently reference IBORs are being encouraged to include contractual fallback provisions providing for adjusted RFRs that could replace IBORs if they are discontinued before a contract is concluded. RFRs are structurally different to IBORs, hence why the RFRs must be adjusted in order to be incorporated into contracts that currently reference IBORs.
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European Systemic Risk Board Recommends Options for Addressing Procyclicality in Derivatives Markets and Securities Financing Transactions
01/09/2020
The European Systemic Risk Board has published a report on mitigating the procyclicality of margins and haircuts in derivatives markets and securities financing transactions. The report assesses the systemic risks arising from procyclicality associated with margin and haircut practices and makes recommendations for addressing the risks.
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International Swaps and Derivatives Association Publishes Guide on Cross-Border Application of Margin Rules
01/06/2020
The International Swaps and Derivatives Association has published a guide on the cross-border application of margin rules established under the U.S., EU and Japanese regimes for uncleared derivatives. While most jurisdictions base their margin rules on the framework established by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision and the International Organization of Securities Commissions, there is still scope for differences to arise under national regimes. The guide provides an overview of the margin rules in each of the three jurisdictions, focussing on the cross-border and substituted compliance elements. It also includes a series of charts showing the application and availability of substituted compliance under each regime.
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European Securities and Markets Authority Publishes Clarifications on Reporting of Securities Financing Transactions
01/06/2020
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published a final report and guidelines on reporting under the Securities Financing Transaction Regulations, together with amended SFTR validation rules and a statement on Legal Entity Identifiers. The SFTR requires all securities financing transactions to be reported to EU-recognized trade repositories. SFTs involve the use of securities to borrow cash or other high investment-grade securities and include repurchase transactions, securities lending and sell/buy backs.
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New EU Regulation Enhances European Supervisory Authorities' Powers
12/27/2019
An EU Regulation has been published amending the European Supervisory Authorities' powers under various pieces of EU legislation. The Regulation grants ESMA additional powers to monitor market data and authorize benchmark administrators under the Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation and the Benchmarks Regulation, respectively. It also amends the legislation founding the European Banking Authority, the European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority and the European Securities and Markets Authority, granting them additional powers to facilitate their supervisory duties. The Regulation will enter into force on December 30, 2019. The provisions regarding ESMA's enhanced supervisory powers over market data and benchmarks will apply from January 1, 2022. All other provisions regarding the European Supervisory Authorities' enhanced powers will apply from January 1, 2020.
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European Supervisory Authorities Publish New Risk Mitigation Technique Standards for OTC Derivative Contracts
12/23/2019
The European Supervisory Authorities have published joint draft Regulatory Technical Standards amending the existing EU risk mitigation techniques for uncleared OTC derivatives, together with a joint statement on the introduction of fallbacks in OTC derivative contracts and the requirement to exchange collateral. The draft RTS amend existing bilateral margin requirements made under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation, in line with certain clarifications made to the related international framework by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision and the International Organization of Securities Commissions. The draft RTS were originally published on December 5, 2019, but have been republished with one additional amendment. The Final Report has been submitted to the European Commission for endorsement.
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EU Temporary Equivalence and Recognition for UK CCPs Extended in Event of a No-Deal Brexit
12/23/2019
An amended temporary equivalence decision on the regulatory framework applicable to central counterparties in the U.K. and Northern Ireland has been published in the Official Journal of the European Union. The decision amends the existing EU equivalence decision, which applies from the date that the U.K. leaves the EU in the event that no withdrawal agreement has been agreed, and ends on March 30, 2020. The amended decision extends the period of equivalence to one year following a U.K. no-deal exit from the EU and will apply from December 24, 2019. It would not apply in the event that the Withdrawal Agreement is ratified by both sides.
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Financial Stability Board Publishes Feedback to Derivatives and Trading Portfolios’ Solvent Wind-Down Consultation
12/20/2019
The Financial Stability Board has published a statement summarizing the feedback it received to its June 2019 consultation on the solvent wind-down of derivatives and trading portfolios. The consultation sought feedback on a series of questions regarding existing wind-down practices that may be used as a recovery option for global systemically important institutions that find themselves under stress. The FSB intended to consider publishing guidance on solvent wind-down planning depending on the responses elicited by the consultation.
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Consultation on Credit Adjustment Spread Methodologies for Fallbacks in Cash Products Referencing GBP LIBOR
12/19/2019
The Working Group on Sterling Risk-Free Reference Rates has opened a consultation on credit adjustment spread methodologies for fallbacks in cash products referencing GBP LIBOR. The consultation focuses on cash products, including, but not limited to, syndicated loans, floating rate notes, retail loans, bilateral corporate loans and securitizations. It only covers GBP LIBOR and credit adjustment spreads to be applied to a SONIA-derived rate. Responses to the consultation can be submitted until February 6, 2020.
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International Swaps and Derivatives Association Consults on Fallbacks Based on Alternative Risk-Free Rates For Derivatives Referencing EUR Libor and EURIBOR
12/18/2019
The International Swaps and Derivatives Association has launched a consultation in which it proposes to amend its standard documentation to implement fallbacks based on alternative risk-free rates for certain key Interbank Offered Rates - EUR LIBOR and EURIBOR. ISDA states that the back-ups will apply if the relevant IBOR is permanently discontinued, based on defined triggers. Responses to the consultation should be submitted to ISDA by January 21, 2020.
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UK Prudential Regulatory Authority Responds on Prudential Impediments for Banks Arising from the LIBOR Transition
12/18/2019
The Prudential Regulation Authority has published a letter addressed to the Chair of the Working Group on Sterling Risk-Free Reference Rates. The letter responds to the Working Group's letter in October 2019 requesting regulatory forbearance or clarification from regulators on the impact that the LIBOR transition is likely to have on the prudential requirements for banks. The main issues raised by the Working Group include: (i) the potential for certain capital instruments to no longer qualify as regulatory capital; (ii) the potential for securitizations and MREL-eligible instruments to be considered as "new contracts" as a result of changes to contractual terms, leading to the need to insert bail-in or other bank recovery contractual terms; and (iii) that many banks will need to obtain regulatory approvals for alterations to the models used to determine their regulatory capital arising from their exposures and risks.
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Financial Stability Board Calls for Sustained Efforts to Migrate From LIBOR
12/18/2019
The Financial Stability Board has published a progress report on reforms to major interest rate benchmarks. The report provides the FSB's annual update on progress taken by the official sector and market participants to move from interbank offered rates to overnight risk-free rates by the end of 2021 in line with the FSB's 2014 recommendations. The FSB highlights that the continued reliance by global financial markets on LIBOR poses significant financial stability risks and urges all participants to continue with their efforts to transition to the alternative risk-free rates. The FSB also warns regulated firms to expect increased examination from regulators of their efforts to transition as the end of 2021 approaches.
View the report. -
Financial Stability Board Publishes 2020 Work Program
12/17/2019
The Financial Stability Board has published its work program for 2020. The FSB confirms that it will continue to monitor developments to identify and manage new and emerging risks, work to finalize the outstanding components of the post-crisis reforms and assess the implementation of reforms as well as their effects. Key areas of focus will be:- LIBOR transition: the FSB will monitor implementation of the benchmark reforms and report on outstanding issues.
- Global stablecoins: the FSB will launch a consultation on global stablecoins in April 2020.
- Global payment systems: the FSB will work with other international bodies to develop and deliver a roadmap for using digital innovations to improve global cross-border payments.
- FinTech: the FSB will report on the perspective of emerging market and developing economies.
View the FSB work program for 2020. -
European Securities and Markets Authority Publishes Information on Pending Applications for Benchmark Administrators
12/13/2019
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published a list of the entities that are awaiting their national regulator’s approval for authorization and registration as EU benchmark administrators. Under the EU Benchmark Regulation, existing EU and third country benchmark administrators are entitled to apply for authorization to continue as administrators.
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Proposed EU Procedural Rules for Penalties Imposed on Third-Country CCPs, Trade Repositories and Credit Rating Agencies
12/13/2019
The European Securities and Markets Authority has launched a consultation on proposed procedural rules for penalties imposed on third-country CCPs, trade repositories and credit rating agencies. Responses are invited by January 18, 2020. ESMA intends to finalize its technical advice by the end of Q1 2020.
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EMIR 2.2 Regulation on the Authorization and Recognition of CCPs Published
12/12/2019
A new Regulation amending the European Market Infrastructure Regulation has been published in the Official Journal of the European Union, introducing changes to the procedures and authorities involved in the authorization of central counterparties and the requirements for the recognition of third-country CCPs. The Regulation, known as “EMIR 2.2”, is part of the EU’s push to enhance the regulation of CCPs amid concerns regarding potential CCP failures given their increasing systemic importance.
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European Securities and Markets Authority Publishes Annual Report on Regulators’ Supervisory Measures under EMIR
12/09/2019
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published its annual report on the supervisory measures and penalties imposed by national regulators in respect of certain provisions under the European Markets Infrastructure Regulation. The relevant provisions govern: (i) the clearing obligation; (ii) the reporting obligation; (iii) non-financial counterparties; and (iv) the risk mitigation techniques under EMIR.
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International Swaps and Derivatives Association Seeks Clarity on Implications of Potential "Non-Representative" LIBOR Statement
12/04/2019
The International Swaps and Derivatives Association has published a letter in which it responds to the Financial Stability Board's November 15, 2019 letter on pre-cessation triggers. The co-Chairs of the FSB's Official Sector Steering Group requested ISDA to include a "pre-cessation trigger" alongside the cessation trigger in its standard language in derivatives contracts, via either definitions for new contracts or in a single protocol (without embedded optionality) for outstanding contracts. The pre-cessation trigger would cause a LIBOR-based contract to fall back to an alternative reference rate in the event that the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority, as the regulator of LIBOR, deemed that LIBOR was no longer representative.
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UK Conduct Regulator Sets Out Conduct Expectations of Firms For LIBOR Transition
11/19/2019
The U.K. Financial Conduct Authority has published a statement on conduct risk during the LIBOR transition, which is due to be completed by the end of 2021. The statement is in the form of questions and answers and sets out the FCA's expectations of firms relating to governance and accountability, replacing LIBOR with alternative rates in existing contracts, offering new products with alternative rates, communicating with customers about the transition from LIBOR and best practice for firms investing on behalf of clients.
View the FCA's statement. -
Financial Stability Board’s LIBOR Steering Group Encourages ISDA to Roll Out Pre-Cessation Trigger
11/15/2019
The co-Chairs of the Financial Stability Board’s Official Sector Steering Group, whose work focuses on interest rate benchmarks that are deemed to play a critical role in the global financial system, have written to the International Swaps and Derivatives Association requesting that it includes a “pre-cessation trigger” alongside the cessation trigger in its standard language in derivatives contracts, via either definitions for new contracts or in a single protocol (without embedded optionality) for outstanding contracts. The pre-cessation trigger would cause a LIBOR-based contract to fall back to an alternative reference rate in the event that the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority, as the regulator of LIBOR, deemed that LIBOR was no longer representative.
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Working Group on Euro Risk-Free Rates Makes Recommendations for €STR Fall-Back Arrangements
11/12/2019
The European Central Bank has published a report by the working group on euro risk-free rates on €STR fall-back arrangements. The EU Benchmark Regulation requires regulated entities to have put in place written plans on the steps that they would take should a benchmark used in their contracts be materially amended or ceases. The Working Group recommends that instead of selecting an alternative rate, regulated entities should take into account the ECB's regular review of €STR's methodology and the policies and procedures for the possible cessation of €STR, together with the use of contractual fallbacks.
View the report. -
Final EMIR 2.2 Technical Advice Published
11/11/2019
Following its consultation earlier this year, the European Securities and Markets Authority has published final reports and the final technical advice on third-country CCP tiering, comparable compliance and fees under draft revisions to the European Market Infrastructure Regulation, known as EMIR 2.2. EMIR 2.2 will change the requirements for the supervision of both EU and third-country CCPs, and includes the controversial formal EU "location policy" for CCPs. The technical advice will assist the Commission in preparing the final delegated legislation that will supplement the EMIR 2.2.
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Working Group on Euro Risk-Free Rates Recommends Fallback Provisions Contracts Referencing EURIBOR
11/06/2019
The European Central Bank has published a report by the working group on euro risk-free rates providing high-level recommendations for fall-back provisions in contracts for cash products and derivatives transactions referencing EURIBOR. The recommendations are not legally binding and market participants can decide whether, and to the extent to which, they wish to adopt them. EURIBOR were identified as critical benchmarks for the purposes of the EU Benchmarks Regulation and the methodology for calculating EURIBOR has been revised to be Benchmark Regulation-compliant, to be implemented by the end of 2019.
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EU Consultation on Changes to Position Limits for Commodity Derivatives
11/05/2019
Following its Call for Evidence issued in May this year, the European Securities and Markets Authority has launched a consultation on proposed revisions to the legal framework for position limits and position management in commodity derivatives. The position limits regime was introduced by the revised Markets in Financial Instruments Directive. MiFID II requires the European Commission to report to the European Parliament and the Council on the impact of the application of position limits and position management on liquidity, market abuse and orderly pricing and settlement conditions in commodity derivatives markets. ESMA must provide the Commission with advice regarding this new regime to support the Commission's preparation of the report, including any recommendations for changing the legislative requirements. Responses to ESMA's consultation should be submitted by January 8, 2020.
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EU Recommendations on Financial Accounting Implications of Transition to €STR
11/05/2019
The European Central Bank has published a report by the working group on euro risk-free rates on the financial accounting implications of the transition from EONIA to €STR and the introduction of €STR-based fallbacks for EURIBOR.
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Working Group on Sterling Risk-Free Reference Rates Asks Regulators to Act on Prudential Impediments to LIBOR Transition
10/23/2019
The Working Group on Sterling Risk-Free Reference Rates has written to the Prudential Regulation Authority raising issues in the banking prudential regulation regime that, in its view, will require changes and/or regulatory forbearance if a smooth transition from LIBOR to SONIA is to be achieved. Although the letter focuses on the U.K. regime, the issues are likely to be relevant globally.
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European Securities and Markets Authority Finds Improvement in Supervision of Derivatives Data
10/17/2019
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published the results of its peer review into the supervisory actions of six national regulators in enhancing the quality of derivatives data under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. EMIR requires EU counterparties to a derivative contract to report details of their contract to one of the seven registered trade repositories supervised by ESMA.
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European Central Bank Publishes Report on the Risk Management Implications of the Euro Risk-Free Rates Provisions
10/17/2019
The European Central Bank has published a report on the risk management implications of the upcoming move away from the Euro Overnight Index Average (the overnight reference rate for the euro) and EURIBOR (the term reference rate for the euro) to alternative risk-free rates. Both EONIA and EURIBOR were identified as critical benchmarks for the purposes of the EU Benchmarks Regulation.
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European Banking Authority Publishes Consultation on Structural FX Guidelines Under Capital Requirements Regulation
10/16/2019
The European Banking Authority has published a consultation on its proposed guidelines on the implementation of the structural FX position contemplated by the Capital Requirements Regulation. The CRR requires institutions to calculate their net open positions in currencies according to specified formulae, but permits institutions to exclude positions that have been taken for hedging purposes and that are of a structural nature.
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Financial Stability Board Publishes Report on Progress of Over-The-Counter Derivatives Market Reforms
10/15/2019
The Financial Stability Board has published a report on the progress its member jurisdictions have made in 2019 on the implementation of agreed G20 reforms to over-the-counter derivatives markets. The report finds that there has been limited additional implementation of the reforms since the FSB’s 2018 report.
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EU Council Adopts Laws on Enhanced Supervision of Third-Country CCPs
10/15/2019
The Council of the European Union has adopted the amendments to EU law on CCP supervision. The adopted laws revising the European Market Infrastructure Regulation (EMIR 2.2) will change how both EU CCPs and third-country CCPs are supervised, and implement into legislation the controversial EU "location policy" for the largest third-country CCPs. According to the Council's press release, EMIR 2.2 is scheduled to be published in the Official Journal of the European Union on December 12, 2019 and would come into force 20 days later. The legislative process relevant to EMIR 2.2 has taken place with the U.K. exit from the European Union in the background and many of the changes relevant to third-country CCPs are effectively a response to the U.K.'s decision to leave the EU, given that two of the three largest European Union clearing houses are U.K.-based.
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Financial Stability Board Publishes Report on Progress of Over-The-Counter Derivatives Market Reforms
10/15/2019
The Financial Stability Board has published a report on the progress its member jurisdictions have made in implementing the agreed G20 reforms to over-the-counter derivatives markets in 2018. The report finds that good progress has been made in implementation of the agenda.
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International Bodies Issue Report on Governance Arrangements for Derivatives Data
10/09/2019
The Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures and the International Organization of Securities Commissions have published a joint report on governance arrangements for critical data elements for over-the-counter derivatives. The report does not cover governance arrangements for the Unique Transaction Identifier and Unique Product Identifier, which are being reviewed separately by the Financial Stability Board. The report aims to contribute to international efforts to improve transparency, mitigate systemic risk and prevent market abuse in derivatives markets.
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Financial Stability Board Publishes Governance Arrangements for Unique Product Identifier
10/09/2019
The Financial Stability Board has published a report on governance arrangements for the Unique Product Identifier, a globally harmonized code identifying over-the-counter derivatives products reported to trade repositories. The UPI will enable authorities to aggregate data on OTC derivatives transactions, which will in turn help them to assess systemic risk and detect market abuse.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
European Securities and Markets Authority Consults on Alignment of EU Trading and Clearing Obligations
10/04/2019
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published a consultation paper on aligning the trading obligation under the Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation with the recent changes made to the clearing obligation under the European Markets Infrastructure Regulation by the EMIR Refit Regulation. Responses to the consultation should be submitted by November 22, 2019. ESMA intends to submit its final report to the European Commission in early 2020, with the Commission’s report to the European Parliament and Council expected by December 18, 2020.
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EU Consultation on Clearing Service Provision under EMIR Refit
10/03/2019
The European Securities and Markets Authority has opened a consultation on its draft technical advice on commercial terms for providing clearing services under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. Responses to the consultation should be submitted by December 2, 2019.
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European Securities and Markets Authority Publishes 2020 Work Priorities
10/01/2019
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published its Annual Work Programme for 2020. The Work Programme sets out ESMA’s focus areas for 2020 and provides details of expected outputs within each of the areas. In 2019, the European Council, Parliament and Commission agreed on new tasks for ESMA, meaning that ESMA will take on an enhanced role in areas including direct supervision, supervisory convergence and investor protection. The final Regulations amending the scope of the European Supervisory Authorities’ work mandates are expected to be published in the second half of 2019.
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European Securities and Markets Authority Issues Call for Evidence on Product Intervention Measures
09/30/2019
The European Securities and Markets Authority has issued a call for evidence on the impact of its product intervention powers prohibiting the marketing, distribution and sale of binary options to retail clients and imposing restrictions upon contracts for difference that were marketed, distributed or sold to retail clients. ESMA is seeking feedback from all interested stakeholders, in particular investment firms and banks providing investment services (particularly those that provide CfDs or binary options captured by the product intervention measures) and consumer groups and investors. Responses should be submitted by November 4, 2019.
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European Banking Authority Launches Consultation on Synthetic Securitizations Framework
09/25/2019
The European Banking Authority has launched a consultation on its proposed simple, transparent and standardized framework for synthetic securitization. The paper also seeks feedback from stakeholders on a proposed list of criteria that should be considered when labeling a synthetic securitization an STS and on the introduction of different regulatory treatments for STS synthetic securitizations. The EBA will hold a public hearing on October 9, 2019 and responses to the consultation should be provided by November 25, 2019.
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International Swaps and Derivatives Association Consults on Final Fall Backs for Alternative Risk-Free Rates
09/18/2019
Following its previous two consultations, the International Swaps and Derivatives Association has launched a consultation on the proposed final parameters that will apply to alternative risk-free rates if derivatives fall backs are triggered. Responses to the consultation should be provided by October 23, 2019. ISDA will amend the 2006 ISDA Definitions based on the feedback and also intends to publish a protocol so that market participants can include fall backs in legacy IBOR contracts, if needed. Both documents are expected to be finalized before the end of 2019, ready for implementation in 2020.
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European Commission Issues Communication on Final Preparations for No-Deal Brexit
09/04/2019
The European Commission has published a Communication on finalizing preparations for the withdrawal of the U.K. from the EU on November 1, 2019. The Commission stresses the likelihood of a no-deal Brexit on October 31, 2019 and asks all stakeholders to take action now to finalize their plans for the situation, noting that the contingency measures that are in place can only mitigate against some of the more significant disruptions. The Commission warns that a further delay to the date that the U.K. exits the EU should not be assumed, in that a delay may not be requested by the U.K. government nor granted by the EU.
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EU Restrictions on Contracts for Difference Lifted in Wake of National Measures
07/31/2019
The European Securities and Markets Authority has announced that it will not again renew its product intervention measure for Contracts for Differences. ESMA's product intervention powers under the Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation allow it to impose temporary prohibitions or restrictions on certain financial instruments, financial activities or practices to address a significant investor protection concern in the EU. ESMA's first restrictions on the marketing, distribution and sale of CfDs to retail clients applied from August 1, 2018 and was then extended every three months because ESMA did not consider that the consumer protection risk had been addressed. ESMA's view is that because most national regulators in EU member states have now adopted permanent measures, its own temporary restrictions do not need to be extended. The U.K. Financial Conduct Authority has imposed permanent restrictions on the sale, marketing and distribution of CfDs and CfD-like options to retail consumers. The rules will apply to all CfDs entered into from August 1, 2019, and to CfD-like options entered into from September 1, 2019.
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UK Draft Legislation for Post-Brexit EMIR 2.1 Published
07/25/2019
A draft U.K. statutory instrument to onshore into U.K. law, post-Brexit, the revised European Market Infrastructure Regulation (known as EMIR Refit) has been published - The Over the Counter Derivatives, Central Counterparties and Trade Repositories (Amendment, etc., and Transitional Provision) (EU Exit) (No. 2) Regulations 2019.
EMIR Refit was published in the Official Journal of the European Union on May 28, 2019 and, for the most part, has applied directly across the EU since June 17, 2019.
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Margin Requirements for Uncleared Derivatives Delayed for Certain Counterparties
07/23/2019
The target date at international level for regulators to introduce margin requirements for uncleared derivatives for counterparties with lower trading volumes has been extended for a year by the International Organization of Securities Commissions and the Basel Committee on Banking Standards. The amendment may, depending on regulatory responses, in turn impact small banks, asset managers, pension funds and insurers.
In March 2015, the Basel Committee and IOSCO published a revised version of their policy framework for the exchange of margin for uncleared derivatives. The main revisions were to delay by nine months the phase-in period for the obligations relating to both initial margin and variation margin. Relevant international standards apply to entities that are financial firms and systemically important non-financial entities, the definitions for which are determined by national regulation.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
UK Regulator Consults on Changes to Counterparty Credit Risk Treatment
07/23/2019
The U.K. Prudential Regulation Authority has issued a consultation on proposed additions to its Supervisory Statement on counterparty credit risk. The additions are intended to provide clarity to the market on how firms should satisfy the Capital Requirements Regulation's requirement to ensure senior management are aware of the limitations and assumptions included in models used to calculate exposure values for derivatives. The consultation is relevant to all firms captured by the provisions of the Capital Requirements Directive. Responses to the consultation are requested by October 25, 2019.
Read more. -
Recommended Legal Action Plan for Transition from EONIA to €STR
07/16/2019
Following its consultation earlier this year, the working group charged with implementing the European market's move away from EONIA, has published a recommended legal action plan for new and legacy contracts referencing EONIA. The implementation of the recommended legal measures is intended to address issues arising from the transition from EONIA to the euro short-term rate (known as €STR). €STR is a risk-free rate and, with a fixed spread, will replace EONIA as a reference rate in a variety of euro-denominated financial contracts, including derivatives, collateral remuneration for derivatives and cash products such as commercial paper, repurchase agreements and default interest payable under syndicated loans.
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EMIR Refit: EU Clarification on Derivatives Trading and Clearing Obligations
07/12/2019
The European Securities and Markets Authority has issued a Statement clarifying the application and interaction of the EU derivatives clearing and trading obligations following the entry into force of the revised European Market Infrastructure Regulation, known as EMIR Refit.
EMIR Refit has, subject to limited exceptions, applied directly across the EU since June 17, 2019. EMIR Refit amended the definition of a Financial Counterparty, bringing central securities depositories authorized under the EU Central Securities Depositories Regulation within scope and categorizing all Alternative Investment Funds as FCs (or, for non-EU funds, as third-country entities equivalent to FCs). It also introduced a clearing threshold for FCs, meaning that small FCs are exempt from the clearing obligation. In addition, Non-Financial Counterparties that meet the clearing threshold no longer must clear all derivatives that they enter that are subject to the clearing obligation, but only those derivatives in the asset class for which they have exceeded the threshold.
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EU Seeks Feedback on Taxonomy for Sustainable Economic Activities
07/04/2019
The European Commission's Technical Expert Group on sustainable finance has launched a call for feedback on the taxonomy for sustainable economic activities. The TEG's Report on Taxonomy was published on June 18, 2019, alongside the Commission's Guidelines on reporting climate-related information, an interim TEG report on EU climate benchmarks and a TEG report on an EU green bond standard. The Report on Taxonomy links to the EU's proposed Regulation on the establishment of a framework to facilitate sustainable investment.
Feedback on the TEG's Report on Taxonomy should be submitted by September 13, 2019.
View the Report on Taxonomy.
View further details on the call for feedback.
View the Commission's Guidelines on reporting climate-related information. -
EU to Lift Temporary Ban on the Sale of Binary Options to Retail Clients in Wake of National Measures
07/01/2019
The European Securities and Markets Authority has ended its temporary prohibition on the marketing, distribution or sale of binary options to retail clients. ESMA's product intervention powers under the Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation allow it to impose temporary prohibitions or restrictions on certain financial instruments, financial activities or practices to address a significant investor protection concern in the EU.
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UK Regulator Publishes Rules Restricting Sale of Contracts for Difference and Related Options
07/01/2019
The U.K. Financial Conduct Authority has published the Conduct of Business (Contracts for Difference) Instrument 2019, implementing product intervention measures designed to restrict the sale, marketing and distribution of contracts for difference and contract for difference-like options to retail consumers. The rules will affect: (i) retail clients who invest, or may invest, in CFDs and CFD-like options; (ii) investment firms caught by the provisions of the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive (including those caught by the Capital Requirements Directive, where appropriate) that are involved in marketing, distributing or selling CFDs and CFD-like options in, or from, the U.K. to retail clients; and (iii) U.K. branches of third-country investment firms that are involved in marketing, distributing or selling CFDs or CFD-like options to retail clients.
Read more. -
Basel Committee on Banking Supervision Publishes Revisions to Leverage Ratio Requirements
06/26/2019
The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision has published revisions to its standards for leverage ratio capital requirements. The revisions relate to: (i) calculations of leverage ratios for "client-cleared" derivatives; and (ii) disclosure requirements for leverage ratios.
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US and UK Regulators Issue Joint Statement on Credit Derivatives Markets
06/24/2019
The U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission and the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority have issued a joint statement regarding the use of "opportunistic strategies" in the credit derivatives markets, including but not limited to so-called "manufactured credit events." The agencies expressed concern that the use of such strategies could adversely affect the integrity and confidence of these markets, as well as markets more generally, due to issues related to securities, derivatives conduct and antifraud laws, along with public policy concerns.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
European Commission Publishes Commission Delegated Regulation Extending Exemption from EU Transparency Requirements to the People's Bank of China
06/20/2019
An amending Commission Delegated Regulation to the existing Commission Delegated Regulation (Regulation 2017/1799), which specifies that third-country central banks may be exempted from certain transparency requirements under the Markets in Financial Infrastructure Regulation, has been published in the Official Journal of the European Union. The amendment means that the People's Bank of China will be added to the list of counterparty institutions whose transactions will not be subject to trade transparency requirements under MiFIR to the extent that those transactions are in pursuit of monetary, foreign exchange or financial stability policy. The amending Delegated Regulation will come into force and apply directly across the EU from July 10, 2019.
View the amending Commission Delegated Regulation.
View Commission Delegated Regulation 2017/1799. -
Basel Committee on Banking Supervision Discusses Supervisory Initiatives and Approves Implementation Reports
06/20/2019
Central bankers and banking supervisors of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision met this week to discuss a range of policy and supervisory initiatives.
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UK Secondary Legislation Published to Implement Changes under EMIR REFIT
06/17/2019
The Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Over the Counter Derivatives, Central Counterparties and Trade Repositories) (Amendment) Regulations 2019 have been made and will come into force on July 9, 2019.
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European Securities and Markets Authority Postpones Review of Transparency Requirements under MiFIR
06/17/2019
The European Securities and Markets Authority has postponed its review of the operation of transparency requirements laid out under Regulatory Technical Standards issued under the Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation. MiFIR's transparency regime obliges those providing investment services in the EU to disclose details of their transactions in bonds, structured finance products, emission allowances and derivatives both prior to, and following, trades. The detail of how participants should comply with this transparency regime is set out in the related delegated acts and technical standards published under MiFIR. Under the MiFIR RTS, ESMA is obliged to submit a report on the operation of thresholds for the liquidity and trade percentiles of certain financial instruments by July 30 each year. However, given the continuing uncertainties over Brexit, ESMA considers it would be inappropriate to perform the review by the usual deadline, particularly as the results of its review may lead to a tightening of the relevant rules. No new deadline for performing the review has yet been established.
View ESMA's letter.
View the transparency RTS. -
European Securities and Markets Authority Chair Queries EMIR REFIT Clearing Threshold Calculation for Certain Financial Counterparties
06/07/2019
The Chair of the European Securities and Markets Authority, Steven Maijoor, has requested clarity from the European Commission on the methodology for calculating the clearing threshold of a Financial Counterparty that is part of a non-financial group under the revised European Market Infrastructure Regulation (known as EMIR REFIT).
Read more. -
UK Regulator Publishes Policy Statement on Supervisory and Enforcement Process for Securitization Repositories, including post-Brexit
06/06/2019
The U.K. Financial Conduct Authority has published a Policy Statement setting out the final rules governing the FCA's authority to impose sanctions on persons for breaching requirements imposed under the U.K. Securitization Regulations 2018, which implements the EU Securitization Regulation. The Policy Statement also includes proposals on how the FCA will apply its existing supervisory and enforcement processes to securitization repositories (the bodies responsible for collecting and maintaining records of securitizations) after the U.K.'s exit from the EU.
Read more. -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Provides Margin Relief for Legacy Swaps
06/06/2019
In response to a request from the International Swaps and Derivatives Association, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission's Division of Swap Dealer and Intermediary Oversight issued no-action relief that will permit swap dealers to make certain amendments to so-called "legacy swaps" without such swaps losing their legacy status for purposes of the CFTC's uncleared swap margin rule. Legacy swaps are exempt from the CFTC's uncleared swap margin rule because they were entered into prior to the relevant compliance date for that rule. The relief provides clarity that certain amendments to legacy swaps will not bring them within scope of the rule.
The relief will permit swap dealers to continue to treat the following as legacy swaps:- legacy swaps that are amended in an immaterial manner (defined as amendments that would not affect the economic obligations of the parties or the valuation of the swap);
- a swap resulting from the exercise of a swaption that is itself a legacy swap;
- the remaining portion of a swap following a partial termination of such legacy swap;
- the remaining portion of a swap following a partial novation of such legacy swap; and
- new swaps resulting from a multilateral compression exercise consisting solely of legacy swaps.
View the No-Action letter.Topic : Derivatives -
Financial Stability Board Consults on Resolution-Related Disclosures and Solvent Wind-Down of Derivatives and Trading Portfolios
06/03/2019
The Financial Stability Board has published two consultation papers on: (i) Public Disclosure of Resolution Planning and Resolvability; and (ii) Solvent Wind-down of Derivatives and Trading Portfolios. The first consultation paper focuses on disclosures made by financial institutions on their resolution planning and resolvability during “peace time” (i.e., times when there is no resolution commencing or in progress). The second consultation paper focuses on considerations that national regulators and global systemically important banks should take into account when commencing the solvent wind-down of a G-SIB’s derivative and trading book activities.
Read more. -
EONIA Methodology and One-Off Spread Confirmed
05/31/2019
The European Money Markets Institute has adopted the EONIA working group's proposed methodology for calculating EONIA's replacement rate. The new methodology, dubbed "€STR" (or the "Euro short term rate"), will take effect as of October 2, 2019. In line with the adoption of the €STR, the European Central Bank has calculated the average risk spread between the new €STR and the existing EONIA rate as 0.0085% (8.5 basis points). The spread will be used for a limited period to calculate an adjusted EONIA rate for all existing contracts which continue to reference EONIA following the introduction of the €STR in October 2019.
Read more. -
EMIR Refit Regulation Published
05/28/2019
The Regulation amending the European Market Infrastructure Regulation, known as EMIR Refit or EMIR 2.1, has been published in the Official Journal of the European Union.
The EMIR Refit amendments aim to introduce a simplified and more proportionate approach to certain aspects of EMIR as part of the EU's broader "Regulatory Fitness and Performance Program".
Read more. -
European Banking Authority Publishes Draft Implementing Technical Standards For Supervisory Reporting under the Capital Requirements Regulation
05/28/2019
The European Banking Authority has published draft Implementing Technical Standards for supervisory reporting, which make changes to the existing reporting obligations of EU banks (credit institutions) and investment firms. The majority of the technical standards will apply from March 2020, with the exception of the liquidity coverage requirements, which will apply from April 2020.
Read more. -
Financial Stability Board Assesses Legal Entity Identifier Implementation
05/28/2019
The Financial Stability Board has published a thematic review on the implementation of the Legal Entity Identifier. An LEI is a unique identifier of entities that engage in financial transactions. It is intended that such an identifier will be held by all legal entities participating in financial markets across the globe. It is envisaged that the LEI system will lead to better data aggregation, enhance systemic risk monitoring and reduce costs to market participants. The thematic review provides a summary assessment of the successes of the LEI, sets out steps that are still needed to fully achieve the G20's objectives and makes recommendations, addressed to the FSB, other international bodies (such as the International Organization of Securities Commissions and Basel Committee on Banking Standards), FSB member jurisdictions, the LEI Regulatory Oversight Committee and Global LEI Foundation, to tackle the issues that are preventing wider adoption of the LEI.
View the report. -
European Securities and Markets Authority Consults on EMIR 2.2 Technical Advice
05/28/2019
The European Securities and Markets Authority has launched consultations on proposed technical advice on third-country CCP tiering, comparable compliance and fees under draft revisions to the European Market Infrastructure Regulation, known as EMIR 2.2. EMIR 2.2 will change the requirements for the supervision of both EU and third-country CCPs, and includes the controversial formal EU "location policy" for CCPs. The text of EMIR 2.2 was agreed between the European Parliament, the Council of the European Union and the European Commission on March 13, 2019, but has not yet been published in the Official Journal of the European Union. However, the European Commission requested technical advice from ESMA on May 3, 2019 and ESMA has begun that preparatory work. The consultations close on July 29, 2019. ESMA intends to submit its final reports and technical advice to the European Commission in Q3 and Q4 2019.
Read more. -
Proposed EU Guidelines for Reporting of Securities Financing Transactions
05/27/2019
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published a consultation paper proposing guidelines for reporting of securities financing transactions under the Securities Financing Transactions Regulation. SFTs involve the use of securities to borrow cash or other higher investment-grade securities, or vice versa. Such transactions can include repurchase transactions, securities lending and sell/buy backs. The SFTR requires, amongst other things, that all securities financing transactions be reported to EU recognized trade repositories. Such reports must include details on the composition of collateral, whether collateral is available for reuse or has been reused, the substitution of collateral and any haircuts applied. The reporting obligation will apply to financial and non-financial counterparties, subject to exceptions for central banks and similar bodies, and will be phased-in according to type of entity:- banks and investment firms from April 11, 2020;
- CCPs and central securities depositories from July 11, 2020;
- other Financial Counterparties from October 11, 2020; and
- Non-Financial Counterparties from January 11, 2021.
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EU Authority Asks for Feedback on the MiFID II Position Limits Regime for Commodity Derivatives
05/24/2019
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published a Call for Evidence on position limits and position management in commodity derivatives introduced by the revised Markets in Financial Instruments Directive. MiFID II requires the European Commission to report to the European Parliament and the Council on the impact of the application of position limits and position management on liquidity, market abuse and orderly pricing and settlement conditions in commodity derivatives markets. ESMA has been asked to provide the Commission with advice regarding this new regime to support the Commission's preparation of the report.
Read more. -
International Swaps and Derivatives Association Consults Further on Fallbacks for the Cessation of Benchmarks
05/16/2019
The International Swaps and Derivatives Association has published two consultation papers on fallbacks for benchmarks. The first consultation paper concerns proposed amendments to ISDA's standard documentation to implement fallbacks based on alternative risk-free rates for certain key Interbank Offered Rates (USD LIBOR, Hong Kong's HIBOR, Canada's CDOR and Singapore's SOR), should the relevant IBOR be permanently discontinued. ISDA is intending to amend and restate the rate options in the 2006 ISDA Definitions to ensure that a fallback will apply to derivative transactions entered into on or after the effective date of the amendments and incorporate the 2006 ISDA Definitions. ISDA also intends to publish a protocol to help ensure inclusion of the fallbacks in pre-existing derivative transactions. This consultation follows ISDA's consultation last July on these changes for GBP LIBOR, CHF LIBOR, JPY LIBOR, TIBOR, Euroyen TIBOR and BBSW. ISDA confirms that the feedback to that July 2018 consultation indicates that market participants prefer the "compounded setting in arrears rate" to address the difference in tenors, and the "historical mean/median approach" to address the difference in risk premia. Based on the feedback to both of these consultations, ISDA intends to implement fallbacks for the relevant benchmarks by the end of 2019.
Read more. -
EONIA Working Group Seeks Feedback on Implementation of Euro Risk-Free Rates
05/15/2019
The working group charged with implementing the European market's move away from EONIA, the current reference rate used in euro-denominated financial contracts, has published a consultation paper setting out its "Legal Action Plan" for transitioning to the chosen new euro short-term rate. The current consultation paper focuses on how the new rate should be incorporated into both new and existing financial contracts so as to ensure a swift and smooth transition from EONIA. The paper seeks feedback from market participants on its proposals. Responses should be sent by June 12, 2019.
Read more. -
European Banking Authority Launches Consultation on Technical Standards for Counterparty Credit Risk
05/02/2019The European Banking Authority has launched a consultation on the Regulatory Technical Standards that it is developing to govern certain aspects of counterparty credit risk in derivatives transactions. The EBA has been mandated to produce the RTS under the current draft of the Capital Requirements Regulation 2. The consultation runs until August 2, 2019. A public hearing will also take place at the EBA premises in Paris on June 17, 2019 from 15:00 - 17:00 CET. Parties interested in attending should register by May 28, 2019.
Read more. -
EU Equivalence Decision for Japan for Uncleared Derivatives
05/02/2019
A Commission Implementing Decision declaring equivalence of the Japanese legal, supervisory and enforcement arrangements for risk mitigation techniques and exchange of collateral has been published in the Official Journal of the European Union. The European Market Infrastructure Regulation requires counterparties to uncleared derivatives to comply with requirements on timely confirmation, portfolio compression, procedures for reconciliation of disputes and the exchange of collateral, collectively known as the risk mitigation techniques. The European Commission is empowered to adopt an equivalence decision declaring that the requirements of a third country are equivalent to the EMIR requirements on risk mitigation. The USA has also benefited from such a decision in respect of its risk mitigation arrangements.
Read more. -
US Federal Reserve Proposes Broadened Application of US Netting Provisions
05/02/2019
The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System has proposed amendments to Regulation EE, which implements the netting provisions of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991. The proposed amendments would expand the definition of “financial institution” for purposes of the netting provisions to more clearly cover certain categories of entities and would clarify how the activities-based test under Regulation EE applies following the consolidation of legal entities.
Read more. -
Further Extension of the EU Contracts for Difference Product Intervention Measures
04/30/2019
The European Securities and Markets Authority has issued a Decision renewing and amending the temporary restriction on the marketing, distribution or sale of contracts for difference to retail clients. This has now been published in the Official Journal of the European Union. ESMA announced on March 27, 2019, that the existing restriction would be extended on the same terms as the previously implemented temporary restrictions. The CfD Decision applies directly across the EU from May 1, 2019, for a period of three months.
View the decision. -
EU Legislation Extends the Clearing Obligation Exemption for Certain Intragroup Derivatives Transactions
04/29/2019
A Commission Delegated Regulation extending the exemption from the clearing obligation for intragroup transactions with a third-country group entity has been published in the Official Journal of the European Union. There are currently three sets of Regulatory Technical Standards made under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation that impose the clearing obligation for certain interest rate derivatives and credit derivatives. Each of these three RTS exempts from the clearing obligation certain intragroup derivatives transactions where one of the counterparties is a third-country group entity and there is no relevant equivalence decision in respect of the third country in which it is situated. An equivalence decision would enable parties that are subject to both the EU and a third country's clearing obligation to comply only with one jurisdiction's requirements, but no equivalence decisions have been made to date. Each of the three RTS sets a different expiry date for the intra-group exemption, which fall between December 21, 2018 and July 9, 2019.
The Delegated Regulation, which is substantively the same as ESMA's final draft submitted to the European Commission in September 2018, amends each of the RTS by extending the exemption period to one unified expiry date of December 21, 2020. The Delegated Regulation enters into force on April 29, 2019 and is directly applicable across the EU.
View the Delegated Regulation.Topic : Derivatives -
UK Regulator Delays Final Product Intervention Measures on Contracts for Difference
04/26/2019
The Financial Conduct Authority has published a statement on the delay to publication of final rules for contracts for difference products and CfD-like options. The FCA has consulted on its proposals to make European Securities and Markets Authority's temporary product intervention measures permanent in the U.K. The FCA's proposed interventions are the same in substance as ESMA's, although it is also proposing to apply its rules to closely substitutable products and on extending these measures to exchange-traded derivatives. The consultation closed on February 7, 2019.
Read more. -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Issues No-Action Letters to Ensure Continued Relief and Substituted Compliance for U.K. Firms Post-Brexit
04/05/2019
The Commodity Futures Trading Commission has issued two no-action letters to ensure that existing regulatory relief and substituted compliance measures for EU firms will continue to apply to U.K. firms following the U.K.’s departure from the EU. The CFTC said that the no-action letters will bring greater clarity to the market in light of Brexit and reflect the CFTC’s commitment to ensuring that Brexit will not create regulatory uncertainty in global derivatives markets. The relief is intended to cover both “no-deal” and “soft” Brexit scenarios. The relief would apply upon the departure of the U.K. (and would thus take effect at the end of the most recent extension of the departure date to October 31, 2019).
CFTC Letter 19-08 extends to U.K. entities substituted compliance measures originally issued for EU entities. These measures include comparability determinations for certain entity-level, transaction-level and uncleared margin requirements (the EU Comparability Determinations), along with an exemption for EU-authorized multilateral trading facilities and organised trading facilities from the CFTC’s swap execution facility registration requirements.
Read more. -
UK Financial Conduct Authority Implements Permanent Ban of Sale of Binary Options to Retail Consumers
03/29/2019
Following its recent consultation, the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority has published a Policy Statement, final rules and a Statement on the new product intervention measure it is introducing for retail binary options. Both contracts for difference and binary options are considered to have given rise to significant investor protection concerns, due to their complexity, the lack of transparent information at the point of sale, the risk of significant loss for investors and the deployment of aggressive marketing techniques by certain providers and distributors of the products. The FCA's product intervention powers under the Markets in Financial Instrument Regulation and, where the FCA has gone beyond those powers, the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 allow it to impose prohibitions or restrictions on certain financial instruments, financial activities or practices to address a significant investor protection concern. The FCA also consulted on product intervention rules for CfDs and those final rules are expected to be published in April this year.
Read more. -
EU Contracts for Difference Product Intervention Measures to be Extended
03/27/2019
The European Securities and Markets Authority has announced that its restrictions on the sale, distribution and marketing of contracts for difference to retail investors will be extended from May 1, 2019, for a further three months. The extension will be on the same terms as the existing product intervention measure.
View ESMA's announcement.
View details of the existing decision. -
EU Product Intervention Measures for Binary Options Extended
03/27/2019
The European Securities and Markets Authority has issued a Decision renewing the temporary prohibition on the marketing, distribution or sale of binary options to retail clients for a further three months from April 2, 2019. This has now been published in the Official Journal of the European Union. ESMA announced in February this year that the existing restriction would be extended. The binary options Decision applies directly across the EU from April 2, 2019, for a period of three months.
View the decision.
View ESMA's notification. -
US Regulators Offer Margin Relief for Legacy Swaps No Deal Brexit Scenario
03/25/2019
The Commodity Futures Trading Commission has unanimously approved an interim final rule that will allow swap dealers and major swap participants to, in the event of a no-deal Brexit scenario, transfer legacy swaps entered into before the compliance date of the CFTC's margin requirements for uncleared swaps to an affiliate without triggering such requirements. The CFTC's interim final rule is substantively identical to an interim final rule adopted by the U.S. Prudential Regulators, which provides the same relief for legacy swaps entered into before the compliance date of their margin requirements for uncleared swaps.
Both interim final rules apply only to legacy swaps that are transferred solely for relocation purposes. They do not cover economic changes to legacy swaps, such as amendments that modify payment amount calculation methods, maturity date or notional amount of the uncleared swap.
The interim final rules are each effective immediately upon their respective publication in the Federal Register, and the transfer relief will apply for a period of one year following the U.K.'s withdrawal from the EU in the event of a no deal Brexit.
Read more. -
EU Securities Financing Transaction Reporting Obligation Phased-In from April 2020
03/22/2019
A Commission Delegated Regulation and Commission Implementing Regulation setting out technical standards on the reporting of securities financing transactions have been published in the Official Journal of the European Union. These technical standards supplement the EU Securities Financing Transactions Regulation, which requires, amongst other things, all SFTs to be reported to EU-recognized trade repositories. Relevant reports must include details on the composition of collateral, whether collateral is available for reuse or has been reused, the substitution of collateral and any haircuts applied. The reporting obligation will apply to financial and non-financial counterparties, subject to exceptions for central banks and similar bodies. While various parts of the SFTR came into effect on January 12, 2016, the new reporting obligation is brought into force by these new technical standards.
Read more. -
European Commission Communication on Progress on Building the Capital Markets Union
03/15/2019
The European Commission has published its latest progress report on building of the Capital Markets Union. The CMU is an EU initiative which aims to deepen and further integrate the capital markets of Member States, further safeguard financial stability, strengthen the international role of the euro and diversify sources of finances for small and medium enterprises. The CMU aims to allow consumers to buy cheaper and better investment products, and enable financial services providers to scale up by offering services in other Member States.
The progress report notes that the CMU is an important Single Market project that will give increased access to capital for both companies and citizens, especially in smaller countries. A well-developed CMU increases the EU’s attractiveness to foreign investment and complements the EU’s agenda of free and fair trade. Broadly, the Commission has delivered measures that it had committed to take forwards at the beginning of the mandate and put in place certain "building blocks" of the CMU. However, the report notes that it may take time for the impact of the Commission’s actions to be realized.
Read more. -
Further EU Clarification For Financial Services Firms in a No Deal Brexit
03/07/2019
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published a statement on its approach to certain provisions of the Markets in Financial Instruments package and the Benchmarks Regulation in the event of a no-deal Brexit.
Read more. -
International Bodies Issue Statement on Margin Requirements for Uncleared Derivatives
03/05/2019
The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision and the International Organization of Securities Commissions have published a joint statement on the final implementation of the margin requirements for derivatives not cleared through a CCP. In March 2015, the Basel Committee and IOSCO published a revised version of their policy framework for the exchange of margin for uncleared derivatives. The main revisions were to delay the phase-in period for the obligations relating to both initial margin and variation margin and were aimed at harmonizing the key principles across jurisdictions.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
Basel Committee on Banking Supervision Announces Forthcoming Statements on Various Issues of Concern
02/28/2019
On February 27-28th, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision met to discuss policy and supervisory issues, and the extent to which members had implemented post-financial crisis reforms.
The Committee noted the implementation status of margin requirements for uncleared derivatives and it will publish in March a joint statement with the International Organization of Securities Commissions on certain implementation aspects of margin requirements.
Read more. -
HM Treasury Publishes Guidance On Pension Scheme Arrangements and the EMIR Clearing Obligation In A No Deal Brexit Scenario
02/21/2019
HM Treasury has published guidance on the availability of the exemption from the clearing obligation for Pension Scheme Arrangements under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation in a post-Brexit no deal scenario. The U.K. government has been publishing statutory instruments (U.K. secondary legislation) onshoring and amending EU regulations for Brexit. This is being done under the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018, so as to ensure a workable U.K. statute book after Brexit. The U.K.'s onshoring legislation has been drafted so as to come into operation on exit day if there is a "no deal" scenario where the U.K. leaves the EU without a ratified withdrawal agreement. The onshoring legislation includes various statutory instruments to onshore the EU EMIR.
Read more. -
EU Product Intervention Measures for Binary Options to be Further Extended
02/18/2019
The European Securities and Markets Authority has announced that its prohibition on the marketing, distribution or sale of binary options to retail clients will be extended for a further three months from April 2, 2019. ESMA's ban has been in effect since July 2, 2018.
View ESMA's announcement.
View details of the existing product intervention measure for binary options. -
EU to Recognize Three UK CCPs in a No-Deal Brexit Scenario
02/18/2019
The European Securities and Markets Authority has announced that in the event of a no-deal Brexit, it will recognize three U.K.-established CCPs for the purposes of providing services in the EU, namely - LCH Limited, ICE Clear Europe Limited and LME Clear Limited. ESMA has adopted recognition decisions for each of the U.K. CCPs, which will take effect on the day after the U.K. leaves the EU. This follows the European Commission's earlier determination of U.K. equivalence for CCPs.
View ESMA's announcement. -
EU Agrees Final EMIR Refit
02/05/2019
On February 5, 2019, the Council of the European Union and the European Parliament reached a preliminary agreement on the draft Regulation amending the European Market Infrastructure Regulation, known as EMIR Refit or EMIR 2.1. The final text is likely to be published in the Official Journal of the European Union in April or May this year. Subject to a few exceptions, the changes will apply directly in all EU member states 20 days from that publication date. There may be minor drafting changes as the text is vetted by technicians and translated prior to its publication, but the legal position should be unaffected by this.
Read more. -
European Securities and Markets Authority Outlines Derivatives Reporting Obligations in the Event of a No-Deal Brexit
02/01/2019
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published a statement on the impact of a hard Brexit on the reporting obligation under the EU European Market Infrastructure Regulation. The statement considers the following counterparty scenarios: (i) EU27-EU27; (ii) EU27-U.K.; (iii) U.K.-EU27; and (iv) U.K.-U.K. The statement clarifies the position should the U.K. leave the EU without a deal and without a transition period, including reporting by CCPs and counterparties; reconciliation and recordkeeping by trade repositories, access by EU27 authorities to reported data and portability and aggregation by trade repositories. ESMA's statement clarifies that:- to continue to comply with their reporting obligation, EU27 counterparties and CCPs should report their derivatives to an EU-recognized or registered trade repository;
- U.K. counterparties are not expected to report to an EU trade repository on or after March 29, 2019, including derivatives rejected as of March 29, 2019 and amendments to derivatives concluded before March 29, 2019;
- EU27 counterparties and CCPs should consider any risks if they delegate their report submissions to a non-EU entity; and
- U.K. trade repositories should ensure the full transfer of all data to an EU27 trade repository before March 29, 2019.
View ESMA's statement. -
EU Contracts for Difference Product Intervention Measures Extended Again
01/31/2019
The European Securities and Markets Authority Decision renewing the temporary restriction on the marketing, distribution or sale of contracts for difference to retail clients has been published in the Official Journal of the European Union. ESMA announced on December 19, 2018, that the existing restriction would be extended. The CfD Decision applies directly across the EU from February 1, 2019, for a period of three months.
View the decision.
View ESMA's announcement. -
US Securities and Exchange Commission Grants and Extends Certain Exemptions for Security-Based Swaps
01/31/2019
The Securities and Exchange Commission has extended certain exemptions under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Exchange Act) for security-based swap transactions. The relief, which is intended to facilitate the implementation of the security-based swaps regulatory regime under the Dodd-Frank Act, was originally offered by the SEC in 2011 and has been extended four times prior, most recently in 2018.
Through this order, the Commission granted an extension of certain temporary relief provided by the SEC to address the fact that the Dodd-Frank Act revised the definition of “security” in the Exchange Act to include security-based swaps. The relief, which was previously set to expire on February 5, 2019, will be extended until February 5, 2020.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
EU Authority Calls For Non-Enforcement of Impending Clearing Obligation for Small Financial Counterparties and of the Backloading Requirement
01/31/2019
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published a statement on the impending clearing and trading obligations for small financial counterparties and the reporting backloading requirement. Under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation, small FCs in Category 3 – FCs with less than €8 billion in aggregate month-end average of outstanding gross notional amount of uncleared derivatives at group level – are due to start clearing interest rate and credit derivatives subject to the clearing obligation on June 21, 2019. Once the clearing obligation is triggered, the related trading obligation under the Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation may also be triggered. In addition, the reporting backloading requirement is due to come into effect on February 12, 2019. However, it is foreseen that, under the EU's proposals to make technical changes to EMIR, known as EMIR Refit or EMIR 2.1, Category 3 FCs below the clearing threshold will be exempt from the clearing obligation and the backloading requirement will be deleted. The final text of EMIR Refit is now available, although it remains to be translated and published in the Official Journal. Whilst EMIR Refit remains not in force, these obligations would technically arise, only to be eliminated shortly afterwards with the passage of this new legislation. In its statement, ESMA confirms that it does not expect national regulators to focus on any non-compliance by small FCs with the clearing obligation or by market participants with the backloading requirements.
View ESMA's statement.Topic : Derivatives -
Working Group on Euro Risk-Free Rates Publishes Guiding Principles for Fallback Provisions in New Non-Derivative Contracts
01/21/2019
The European Central Bank working group on euro risk-free rates has published guiding principles for fallback provisions in new contracts for euro-denominated cash products. Noting the work that is being undertaken by the International Swaps and Derivatives Association on fall-backs for derivatives referencing EURIBOR and other IBOR rates, the guidelines focus on non-derivative “cash products”, such as mortgages, loans, securitizations, covered bonds and secured finance transactions.
Read more. -
EU Product Intervention Measure Banning the Sale of Binary Options is Extended
12/27/2018
The European Securities and Markets Authority has issued a Decision renewing the temporary prohibition on the marketing, distribution or sale of binary options to retail clients for a further three months from January 2, 2019. This has been published in the Official Journal of the European Union. ESMA announced in November 2018 that the existing restriction would be extended. The binary options Decision applies directly across the EU from January 2, 2019 for a period of three months.
View the Decision.
View ESMA's notification. -
EU Contracts for Difference Product Intervention Measures to be Extended Again
12/19/2018
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published a statement announcing that its various restrictions on the sale, distribution and marketing of contracts for difference to retail investors will be extended from February 1, 2019, for a further three months. ESMA has powers under the Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation to impose prohibitions or restrictions on certain financial instruments, financial activities or practices to address a significant investor protection concern in the European Union. Product intervention measures imposed by ESMA under MiFIR must be reviewed at appropriate intervals and at least every three months. If a measure is not renewed after three months, it will expire, and it would then fall to member states to impose similar restrictions at a national level, if they so wish.
ESMA considers that a significant investor protection concern in relation to retail clients still exists. Its statement confirms that the existing restriction, implemented on November 1, 2018, will be extended from February 1, 2019 for a further three months.
View ESMA's statement.
View details of the existing CfD restrictions. -
US Securities and Exchange Commission Finalizes Rule of Practice 194
12/19/2018
The Securities and Exchange Commission has adopted, by a 3-2 vote, Rule of Practice 194, which establishes the process for a registered security-based swap dealer or major security-based swap participant (collectively, SBS Entities) to apply to the SEC for a waiver that would allow a statutorily disqualified natural person to effect or be involved in effecting security-based swaps on behalf of the SBS Entity, subject to certain conditions. The final rule, which was first proposed in 2015, represents a continuation of the agency’s efforts to implement its security-based swap regulations pursuant to Title VII of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, and will become relevant when the SEC begins requiring registration of SBS Entities.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
European Commission Adopts Measures in Preparation for a No Deal Brexit
12/19/2018
The European Commission has published a Communication on Implementing the Commission's Contingency Action Plan for a no deal Brexit and has adopted all the legislative proposals and delegated acts announced in its November 2018 Contingency Plan. The actions relevant to the derivatives industry are the adoption by the Commission of:
- A temporary and conditional equivalence decision for CCPs already established and authorized in the U.K. CCPs established in third countries (which the U.K. will become on exit day) whose supervisory and legal regimes have been deemed to be equivalent to the EU regime may provide clearing services to clearing members or trading venues established in the EU. Such a CCP must be recognized by the European Securities and Markets Authority in accordance with the processes outlined in the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. The adopted decision would grant equivalence to the regulatory and legal regimes of the U.K. and Northern Ireland in relation to CCPs. The Commission's equivalence decision would apply for 12 months from exit day. ESMA remains to designate various U.K. CCPs.
Read more. -
US Securities and Exchange Commission Proposes Risk Mitigation Requirements for Uncleared Security-Based Swaps
12/18/2018
The Securities and Exchange Commission has proposed rules that would establish risk mitigation requirements with respect to a registered security-based swap dealer’s or major security-based swap participant’s (collectively, SBS Entities’) portfolio of uncleared security-based swaps. The proposed rules would establish requirements for SBS Entities in respect of security-based swap portfolio reconciliation, portfolio compression and trading relationship documentation, and will become relevant when the SEC commences requiring registration of SBS Entities. The proposal continues the agency’s ongoing efforts to implement its security-based swap regulations pursuant to Title VII of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and is intended to harmonize the SEC’s requirements with those of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, which adopted similar risk mitigation requirements for uncleared swaps in 2012.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Consults on Ether and the Potential Introduction of Ether Derivatives Contracts
12/11/2018
To further its understanding of Ether and its use on the Ethereum Network, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission has issued a request for input on several topics related to the virtual currency. The RFI poses a number of questions on Ether, including, among other things, its functionality, underlying technology, governance, markets, cybersecurity and custody. In addition, the CFTC asks several questions regarding Ether's susceptibility to market manipulation and the potential introduction of Ether derivatives contracts.
The CFTC stated that the requested feedback will inform the work of the CFTC and its LabCFTC initiative to enhance the agency's oversight of virtual currency markets and develop regulatory policy. The CFTC also noted that it hopes to gain a greater understanding of the similarities and differences between Ether and bitcoin, along with potential risks and opportunities uniquely posed by Ether.
Read more. -
UK Conduct Authority Consults on Permanent Product Intervention Measures
12/07/2018
The U.K. Financial Conduct Authority has launched two consultations proposing to prohibit the sale, marketing and distribution of binary options to retail consumers and to restrict the sale, marketing and distribution of contracts for difference and similar products to retail customers. Both CFDs and binary options are considered to have given rise to significant investor protection concerns, due to their complexity, the lack of transparent information at the point of sale, the risk of significant loss for investors and the deployment of aggressive marketing techniques by providers and distributors of the products. The FCA's product intervention powers under the Markets in Financial Instrument Regulation and, where the FCA has gone beyond those powers, the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000, allow it to impose prohibitions or restrictions on certain financial instruments, financial activities or practices to address a significant investor protection concern. The proposed rules would be permanent and would replace the temporary measures introduced, and subsequently renewed, by the European Securities and Markets Authority earlier this year.
Read more. -
​Further UK Legislation in Preparation for Brexit Comes Into Force
12/06/2018
Three pieces of U.K. legislation to onshore EU laws in preparation for Brexit have been made. These are:
- The Trade Repositories (Amendment and Transitional Provision) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 (SI 2018/1318).
A number of technical changes have been made as a result of the consultation process, but these do not affect the fundamental intention and scope of the legislation. The Regulations come into force on December 7, 2018, except for the provisions amending the European Market Infrastructure Regulation, which will come in force on exit day. Advance applications for registration of a trade repository must be submitted to the Financial Conduct Authority between December 7, 2018 and immediately before exit day, instead of on exit day.
These Regulations establish: (i) a temporary registration regime to enable U.K. and EU trade repositories to benefit - on complying with certain requirements - from temporary registration while the FCA considers their application; and (ii) a conversion regime that will allow U.K. trade repositories that are currently registered with the European Securities and Markets Authority to be registered as authorized U.K. trade repositories by the FCA from exit day.
Read more. -
UK Draft Regulations Governing Financial Market Infrastructure in Preparation for Brexit
11/30/2018
HM Treasury has published a new draft statutory instrument, the draft Investment Exchanges, Clearing Houses and Central Securities Depositories (Amendment) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018. The draft instrument is part of its work to ensure that the U.K.'s financial services laws are operative on exit day. The related explanatory information was published on November 22, 2018. The draft Regulations amend relevant parts of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 and the Recognition Requirements for Investment Exchanges, Clearing Houses and Central Securities Depositories Regulations 2001/995.
Read more. -
Proposed Exemption From EU Margin Obligations for OTC Derivatives Novated to EU Counterparties in Preparation for a "No Deal" Brexit
11/29/2018
The Joint Committee of the European Supervisory Authorities has published a final report and final draft Regulatory Technical Standards to amend the existing RTS on margin requirements for uncleared OTC derivative contracts. The ESAs are proposing the introduction of a 12-month exemption from the margin exchange obligations to facilitate the novation of uncleared OTC derivative contracts to EU counterparties in the event of a "no deal" Brexit. The European Market Infrastructure Regulation requires counterparties to uncleared OTC derivative transactions to implement risk mitigation techniques to reduce counterparty credit risk. The RTS prescribe required margin amounts to be posted and collected and the methodologies by which the minimum amount of initial margin and variation margin should be calculated, as well as listing securities eligible as collateral, such as sovereign bonds, covered bonds, some securitization instruments, corporate bonds, gold and some equities. The variation margin requirements have applied to all counterparties since March 1, 2017.
Read more. -
UK Conduct Regulator Publishes Second Consultation on Brexit-Related Changes to Its Rulebook and Binding Technical Standards
11/26/2018
The U.K. Financial Conduct Authority has published a second consultation on proposed changes to the FCA Handbook and guidance to ensure a functioning legal and regulatory framework for financial services in the event of a "no-deal" scenario whereby the U.K. exits the EU on March 29, 2019 without a ratified Withdrawal Agreement in place and there is consequently no transitional period for firms. The proposed amendments will not take effect on exit day if the U.K. enters into a transitional period.
The consultation includes the FCA's further proposals in relation to those Binding Technical Standards that it has been empowered by HM Treasury to amend prior to Brexit and to maintain afterwards. Since the FCA's first consultation on Brexit-related Handbook changes in October 2018, HM Treasury has published further policy notes and/or financial services "onshoring" statutory instruments with proposed amendments to retained EU law. Many of the FCA's proposals on the BTS are consequential in nature and follow the amendments proposed in the statutory instruments.
Read more. -
Final Report on Incentives to Clear OTC Derivatives Published by Global Standard Setting Bodies
11/19/2018
A final joint report on the incentives to clear OTC derivatives has been published by the Financial Stability Board, the International Organization of Securities Commissions, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision and the Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures. The report is part of the FSB's post-implementation evaluation of the effects of the G20 financial regulatory reforms.
The report sets out the results of an evaluation of the reforms that have been implemented to incentivize central clearing of OTC derivatives and outlines areas for further consideration by the global standard setting bodies. The reforms considered include mandatory clearing requirements, capital, liquidity and margin requirements, as well as the reforms to CCP resilience, recovery and resolution.
Read more. -
European Commission Publishes Aspects of Contingency Plans For No Deal Brexit
11/13/2018
The European Commission has published a Communication establishing certain contingency action plans in preparation for a "no deal" Brexit. The Communication sets out certain actions that the EU is or is proposing to take in the event of a "hard" Brexit. In relation to financial services, the Commission states that it will adopt temporary and conditional equivalence decisions to avoid disruption to derivatives clearing and depositaries services. The decisions would "complement" recognition of U.K. financial market infrastructures. The Commission has also urged these entities to apply in advance for recognition from the European Securities and Markets Authority.
The Commission reiterates that uncleared OTC derivatives contracts should remain valid and executable until maturity although, where one counterparty is based in the U.K., certain life-cycle events may trigger the need for an authorization or exemption.
In the Communication, the European Commission further notes that the risks presented to financial services by a "no deal" Brexit have decreased significantly over time because of the action taken by firms to establish new entities or relocate entities and to transfer contracts. In particular, the Commission observes that insurance firms have taken steps to ensure that they can continue to provide services to their clients, including transferring contracts, setting up branches or subsidiaries and merging with firms established in the EU27.
The Commission also encourages the European Supervisory Authorities to begin preparing cooperation arrangements with the U.K. financial regulators to provide for the exchange of information and supervisory cooperation.
View the Communication. -
EU Supervisory Authority Will Extend Binary Options Ban Into 2019
11/09/2018
The European Securities and Markets Authority has announced that it proposes to renew the prohibition on the marketing, distribution or sale of binary options to retail clients for a further three months from January 2, 2019. ESMA's product intervention powers under the Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation allow it to impose temporary prohibitions or restrictions on certain financial instruments, financial activities or practices to address a significant investor protection concern in the EU. ESMA is renewing the prohibition on binary options because it considers that a significant investor protection concern remains. The measure will be renewed on the same terms as the previous renewal decision that has applied from October 2, 2018 and that will expire on January 1, 2019.
ESMA's Board of Supervisors agreed on the renewal of intervention measures on November 7, 2018. ESMA will publish an official notice on its website in the coming weeks. The new Decision will then be published in the Official Journal of the European Union and will start to apply from January 2, 2019 for a period of three months.
View ESMA's announcement.
View details of the prohibition expiring on January 1, 2019. -
Proposed Exemption From the EU Clearing Obligation for OTC Derivatives Novated to EU Counterparties in Preparation For a "No Deal" Brexit
11/08/2018
The European Securities and Markets Authority has proposed the introduction of a 12-month exemption from the clearing obligation to facilitate the novation of uncleared OTC derivative contracts to EU counterparties in the event of a "no deal" Brexit. The European Market Infrastructure Regulation imposes a clearing obligation on EU firms that are counterparties to certain OTC derivatives contracts. The clearing obligation applies to Interest Rate Swaps denominated in seven currencies (EUR, GBP, JPY, USD, NOK, PLN and SEK) and to two classes of credit default swap indices (iTraxx Europe Main and iTraxx Europe Crossover). The obligation to clear OTC IRS denominated in all seven currencies is in force for clearing members of EU CCPs as well as large financial counterparties and alternative investment funds. The IRS clearing obligation will apply to small financial counterparties and AIFs from June 21, 2019 and to non-financial counterparties from December 21, 2018 for IRS denominated in the G4 currencies, and from August 9, 2019 for IRS denominated in CZK, DKK, HUF, NOK, SEK and PLN. The CDS clearing obligation is in force for clearing members of EU CCPs, large financial counterparties and AIFs. It applies to non-financial counterparties from May 9, 2019 and to small financial counterparties and AIFs from June 21, 2019.
Read more. -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Adopts Permanent $8 Billion Swap Dealer De Minimis Registration Threshold
11/05/2018
The Commodity Futures Trading Commission has unanimously voted to adopt a final rule that would permanently set the swap dealer de minimis registration threshold at $8 billion. Absent further action by the CFTC, the de minimis threshold was previously scheduled to drop to $3 billion on December 31, 2019.
Under the final rule, as under current requirements, firms with swap dealing activity below the aggregate gross notional amount (AGNA) threshold of $8 billion over the previous 12 months would be exempt from the CFTC's swap dealer registration requirements. The CFTC said its analysis concluded that the $8 billion threshold subjects approximately 98% of swap transactions to swap dealer regulations. In the CFTC's determination, a $3 billion threshold would only subject a small number of additional swap transactions to such regulation, but would likely decrease swap market liquidity.
The CFTC had also previously proposed several other measures in respect of the de minimis threshold, such as excluding swaps of insured depository institutions made in connection with loans from a firm's AGNA calculation. Although the CFTC did not adopt any of these additional proposals in the final rule, CFTC Chairman J. Christopher Giancarlo said he will direct CFTC staff to continue their analysis of these measures and other issues raised in comments on the rule.
View the final rule.
View the CFTC's fact sheet on the final rule.
View CFTC Chairman Giancarlo's statement.
View CFTC Commissioner Dan Berkovitz's statement.Topic : Derivatives -
EU Authority Calls for Non-Enforcement of Impending Clearing Obligation for Intragroup Transactions and Non-Financial Counterparties
10/31/2018
The European Securities and Markets Authority has issued a statement on the impending clearing obligation under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. The statement is also relevant to the trading obligation under the Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation which is triggered by the EMIR clearing obligation.
EMIR provides an exemption from the clearing obligation for intragroup transactions with a third-country group entity where one of the counterparties is a third-country group entity and there is an equivalence decision in respect of the third country in which it is situated. An equivalence decision would enable parties that are subject to both the EU and a third country's clearing obligation to comply only with one jurisdiction's requirements, but no equivalence decisions have been made to date for these purposes.
Read more. -
US Securities and Exchange Commission Issues Non-Enforcement Position Regarding Security-Based Swap Business Conduct Rules
10/31/2018
The Securities and Exchange Commission has issued a non-enforcement position providing market participants, for a five-year period, with alternative means of compliance with certain business conduct standards for security-based swap dealers and major security-based swap participants (SBS Entities).
Although the SEC has adopted a set of business conduct standards for SBS Entities, compliance with those rules is not yet required, pending finalization of certain other rules and implementation of registration of SBS Entities. The SEC issued the statement, in advance of implementation, to address market participants' concerns regarding compliance difficulties presented by differences between the SEC's business conduct standards and those of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, which are applicable to swap transactions with swap dealers.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
EU Contracts for Differences Product Intervention Measures Extended
10/31/2018
The European Securities and Markets Authority Decision renewing and amending the temporary restriction on the marketing, distribution or sale of contracts for differences to retail clients has been published in the Official Journal of the European Union. ESMA announced on September 28, 2018 that the existing restriction would be extended and would include an additional reduced character risk warning because CFD providers have experienced technical difficulties in using the risk warnings due to the character limitations imposed by third-party marketing providers. The CFD Decision applies directly across the EU from November 1, 2018 for three months.
ESMA extended the temporary product intervention prohibiting the marketing, distribution and sale of binary options to retail investors for a further three months from October 2, 2018, although certain types of binary options were excluded from the scope of the prohibition because ESMA considers that those binary options are less likely to present a significant investor protection concern. Both of ESMA's product intervention measures are made using powers under the Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation.
View the Decision.
View details of the extension of the ban relating to binary options. -
European Commission Announces Work Plan for 2019
10/23/2018
The European Commission has published a Communication, outlining its work plan for 2019. The Communication is addressed to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions. The Communication discusses the ongoing challenges for the EU in the run-up to the European Parliamentary elections and the post-Brexit Summit in Sibiu at which a new multi-annual framework for the EU27 will be finalized.
Separately published Annexes to the Communication relating to: (i) new initiatives; (ii) REFIT initiatives; (iii) priority pending proposals; (iv) legislative initiatives that have been withdrawn; and (v) a list of envisaged repeals. Priority pending proposals of particular relevance to financial institutions include legislative proposals relating to the forthcoming sustainable finance package, cross-border distribution of collective investment schemes, crowdfunding, amendments to the European Market Infrastructure Regulation, prudential regulation and supervision of investment firms and a proposed amending regulation relating to minimum loss coverage for non-performing exposures.
Read more. -
UK Draft Legislation to Onshore the European Market Infrastructure Regulation Published
10/22/2018
HM Treasury has published in draft format the Over the Counter Derivatives, Central Counterparties and Trade Repositories (Amendment, etc., and Transitional Provision) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 – the U.K.'s draft statutory instrument that would implement a post-Brexit EMIR regime, together with explanatory guidance. The draft EMIR Regulations will affect CCPs, clearing members, their clients, Trade Repositories, TR users and U.K. persons entering into derivatives contracts. They will also, like EMIR, have impacts for persons around the world which enter into derivatives with U.K. persons, through U.K. clearing members or that are ultimately held with CCPs that are regulated or recognized in the U.K.
The draft EMIR Regulations have been prepared to ensure that there continues to be an effective regulatory framework for OTC derivatives, CCPs and TRs in the U.K. after exit day. Onshoring of EMIR has been dealt with in three separate pieces of legislation. The draft EMIR Regulations should be read in conjunction with the Central Counterparties (Amendment, etc., and Transitional Provision) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 the Trade Repositories (Amendment and Transitional Provision) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018, which were published in draft form on July 24, 2018 and October 5, 2018 respectively.
Read more. -
Securities and Exchange Commission Reopens Comment Period on Capital, Margin and Segregation Requirements for Security-Based Swap Dealers and Major Security-Based Swap Participants
10/11/2018
The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission has voted to reopen the comment period and request additional comments on proposals for capital, margin and segregation requirements for security-based swap dealers (SBSDs) and major security-based swap participants (MSBSPs) and capital requirements for broker-dealers. The Commission approved the measure by a 4-1 vote, with only Commissioner Robert Jackson Jr. dissenting.
The Commission initially published in 2012 a proposal on capital and margin requirements for non-bank SBSDs and MSBSPs, and segregation requirements for all SBSDs. The Commission published proposed provisions to establish the cross-border treatment of these rules in 2013 and an additional capital requirement for nonbank SBSDs in 2014. By reopening the comment period, the Commission stated that it is looking to provide market participants with an opportunity to provide comments that account for regulatory and market developments since the initial publication of the proposals, as well as the potential economic effects of the proposals in light of such developments. The Commission has previously indicated that it intends to finalize these rules prior to commencing registration of SBSDs and MSBSPs.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
European Supervisory Authority Issues Opinion on Position Limits for UK Natural Gas Derivatives
10/05/2018
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published an Opinion (dated September 24, 2018) on position limits for U.K. Natural Gas Contracts, for the purposes of the position limit regime established by the revised Markets in Financial Instruments Directive. MiFID II and its secondary legislation establish the position limits regime for commodity derivatives. For illiquid contracts, the position limits are set in the legislation. However, where contracts are liquid, position limits are set by the relevant national regulator and notified to ESMA. Secondary legislation under MiFID II sets out Regulatory Technical Standards for the methodology national regulators should use and the factors they should consider when setting position limits.
The U.K. Financial Conduct Authority notified ESMA in February 2018 of the position limits the FCA intends to set for U.K. Natural Gas commodity futures and options contracts. In its Opinion, ESMA confirms that the spot month position limit and the other months' position limit are consistent with the objectives of MiFID II and compliant with the methodology established by the relevant RTS.
Read more. -
Draft UK Post-Brexit Legislation to Onshore Trade Repositories' Obligations and Establish Temporary Recognition Regime
10/05/2018
HM Treasury has published a draft of the Trade Repositories (Amendment and Transitional Provision) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018, along with explanatory information. The draft Regulations are primarily relevant for Trade Repositories in both the U.K. and the EU that are currently registered with and supervised by the European Securities and Markets Authority and that are planning to continue servicing the U.K. market after the U.K.'s exit from the EU on March 29, 2019.
The draft Regulations have been prepared to ensure that the U.K.'s legal framework for reporting of derivatives trades to TRs will continue to operate effectively after exit day. The draft Regulations amend the version of the European Markets Infrastructure Regulation that will be retained on Brexit. The draft Regulations transfer to the Financial Conduct Authority the functions carried out by ESMA for the registration of TRs. They also establish: (i) a temporary registration regime that will enable U.K. and EU TRs that wish to establish a new U.K. legal entity to benefit - on complying with certain requirements - from temporary registration while the FCA considers their application; and (ii) a conversion regime that will allow U.K. TRs that are currently registered with ESMA to be registered as authorized U.K. TRs by the FCA from exit day.
Read more. -
Global Foreign Exchange Committee Update and Survey on Adoption of the FX Global Code
10/04/2018
The Global Foreign Exchange Committee has published an update on the ongoing work of its four priority working groups: (i) the cover and deal working group; (ii) the disclosures working group; (iii) the buy-side outreach working group; and (iv) the working group on embedding the FX Global Code. The GFXC was established in 2017 as a forum for participants in the wholesale foreign exchange markets and its terms of reference include addressing misconduct in FX markets by facilitating adoption of the global principles of good practice enshrined in the FX Global Code.
The update refers to the recent launch (on September 28, 2018) of a survey by the working group on embedding the FX Global Code. Completed surveys are requested by October 19, 2018. The aims of the survey are to measure awareness and adoption of the FX Global Code among market participants and to inform the GFXC's further work on embedding and integrating the code into the global FX markets. The survey results will be considered at the GFXC's next meeting, which will be held in November.
View the survey.
View the press release. -
EU Ban Relating to Binary Options Extended
10/01/2018
Following its announcement in August 2018, the European Securities and Markets Authority has published notice of the extension of the prohibition on the marketing, distribution and sale of binary options to retail investors for a further three-month period from October 2, 2018. ESMA is extending the ban because the threat to investor protection has not been addressed yet through a change in EU legislation and national regulators have either taken no action or have taken insufficient action to address the potential harm.
Read more. -
European Securities and Markets Authority Publishes Its 2019 Priorities
10/01/2018
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published its Annual Work Programme for 2019, dated September 26, 2018. ESMA sets out its focus areas for 2019 and provides details of expected outputs within each of the areas. ESMA also indicates that a number of pieces of EU legislation may be reviewed. These include the Market Abuse Regulation and the clearing obligation under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation, in addition to the reviews that have already been announced.
Read more. -
EU Contracts for Difference Product Intervention Measures to be Extended
09/28/2018
The European Securities and Markets Authority has announced that its various restrictions on the sale, distribution and marketing of Contracts for Difference to retail investors will be extended from November 1, 2018 for a further three months.
ESMA adopted two temporary product intervention Decisions under the Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation in June this year, one relating to binary options and another to CFDs. ESMA has powers under MiFIR to impose prohibitions or restrictions on certain financial instruments, financial activities or practices to address a significant investor protection concern in the Union. Product intervention measures imposed by ESMA under MiFIR must be reviewed at appropriate intervals and at least every three months. If a measure is not renewed after three months, it will expire and it would then fall to member states to impose similar restrictions at a national level, if they so wish. The U.K. Financial Conduct Authority is expected to consult before the end of the year on whether to make permanent the EU's temporary prohibition on marketing, distribution and sale of binary options to retail investors. The International Organization of Securities Commissions recently published a report on retail OTC leveraged products, alongside a statement warning retail investors of the risks of investing in illegal or fraudulent binary options.
Read more. -
EU Final Report to Extend Exemption From the Clearing Obligation for Certain Intragroup Derivatives Transactions
09/27/2018
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published a final report on the exemption from the clearing obligation for intragroup transactions with a third country group entity. There are currently three sets of Regulatory Technical Standards made under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation that impose the clearing obligation of certain interest rate derivatives and credit derivatives. Each of these three RTS exempts from the clearing obligation certain intragroup derivatives transactions where one of the counterparties is a third-country group entity and there is no relevant equivalence decision in respect of the third country in which it is situated. An equivalence decision would enable parties that are subject to both the EU and a third country's clearing obligation to comply only with one jurisdiction's requirements, but no equivalence decisions have been made to date. Each of the three RTS sets a different expiry date for the intra-group exemption. These dates fall between December 21, 2018 and July 9, 2019.
Following a consultation launched in July 2018, ESMA's final report contains final draft amending RTS setting out ESMA's proposal to extend the exemption period by amending each of the RTS to have one unified expiry date of December 21, 2020. The final draft amending RTS have been submitted to the European Commission for endorsement.
View the Final Report.Topic : Derivatives -
US Prudential Regulators Amend Swap Margin Rule to Reflect QFC Stay Requirements
09/21/2018
The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, the Farm Credit Administration and the Federal Housing Finance Agency (together, the "Prudential Regulators") have approved amendments to their margin requirements for uncleared swaps and security-based swaps to align with regulations of the Board, FDIC and OCC relating to stays on default remedies for certain qualified financial contracts (QFC Rules). The final amendments conform the definition of "eligible master netting agreement" under the Swap Margin Rule with the "qualifying master netting agreement" definition in the QFC Rules. Therefore, master netting agreements that comply with the limitations on default remedies in the QFC Rules are not excluded from the definition of EMNA for purposes of the Swap Margin Rules. Additionally, any legacy uncleared swaps not subject to the Swap Margin Rule would not become subject to the Swap Margin Rule due solely to amendments to comply with the QFC Rules.
The final amendments are effective 30 days following their publication in the Federal Register.
View the final amendments.
View the Prudential Regulators' joint press release.Topic : Derivatives -
Basel Committee on Banking Supervision Provides Brief Update on Various Workstreams
09/20/2018
The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision has published a press release summarizing the outcome of its meeting on September 19-20, 2018. The Committee committed to consider Pillar 1 and Pillar 3 measures to prevent banks adjusting their balance sheets around regulatory reporting dates to manipulate reported leverage ratios. In addition, the Committee intends to further analyze banks' exposures to crypto-assets to reach a conclusion on whether action is needed to address the risks that these assets may present.
The Basel Committee will publish the following before the end of the year:- an updated 2018 list of global systemically important banks, along with the high-level indicator values of all the banks that are within the G-SIB assessment exercise;
- final revisions to the market risk framework (towards the end of the year);
- a consultation paper (in October 2018) on whether the exposure measure should be revised to alleviate its impact on client clearing, including presenting options for revising this; and
- the revised Principles on Stress Testing (in October 2018).
The Basel Committee also published responses to Frequently Asked Questions on the treatment of settled-to-market derivatives under the Liquidity Coverage Ratio and Net Stable Funding Ratio.
View the press release.
View the FAQs. -
EU Disagreement on EU Technical Standards for Reporting of Securities Financing Transactions
09/05/2018
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published an Opinion on the European Commission's proposed amendments to the final draft Implementing and Regulatory Technical Standards on reporting under the Securities Financing Transactions Regulation. Various parts of the SFTR came into effect on January 12, 2016. However, the new reporting obligation for SFTs is not yet in force. Securities financing transactions involve the use of securities to borrow cash or other higher investment-grade securities, or vice versa. Such transactions can include repurchase transactions, securities lending and sell/buy backs. The SFTR requires, amongst other things, all securities financing transactions to be reported to EU recognized trade repositories, including details on the composition of collateral, whether collateral is available for reuse or has been reused, the substitution of collateral and any haircuts applied. The reporting obligation will apply to financial and non-financial counterparties, subject to exceptions for central banks and similar bodies.
Read more. -
European Securities and Markets Authority Intends to Extend Product Intervention Measures for Binary Options for a Further Three Months
08/24/2018
The European Securities and Markets Authority has announced its intention to adopt a Decision to extend the prohibition on the marketing, distribution and sale of binary options to retail investors for a further three-month period from October 2, 2018. ESMA has previously adopted intervention measures for binary options, with the current Decision set to expire on October 1, 2018.
ESMA has power under the Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation to impose prohibitions or restrictions on certain financial instruments, financial activities or practices. This may be done when, among other conditions, the exercise of ESMA's power addresses a significant investor protection concern in the Union. Product intervention measures imposed by ESMA under MiFIR must be reviewed at appropriate intervals and at least every three months. If a measure is not renewed after three months, it will expire. In reviewing the current Decision, ESMA has agreed to exclude from the scope of product intervention certain types of binary option that are less likely to lead to a significant investor protection concern.
Read more. -
Commodity Futures Trading Commission Proposes Clearing Requirement Exemptions for Certain Financial End Users
08/23/2018
The Commodity Futures Trading Commission has proposed exempting certain bank holding companies, savings and loan holding companies and community development financial institutions from swap clearing requirements. The proposed exemptions, issued in response to comments made through the CFTC's Project KISS initiative, codify prior no-action relief provided under CFTC Staff Letters 16-01 and 16-02.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
Commodity Futures Trading Commission Finalizes Amendments to Rules Governing Chief Compliance Officer Duties and Annual Reporting Requirements for Certain Registrants
08/21/2018
The Commodity Futures Trading Commission has unanimously approved final amendments to clarify and simplify its regulations governing the duties and annual reporting requirements for chief compliance officers at futures commission merchants, swap dealers and major swap participants. The amendments, first proposed in May 2017, are designed to clarify certain requirements (including as to the annual CCO report) as well as harmonize the CFTC's requirements with similar Securities and Exchange Commission rules that will be applicable to security-based swap dealers.
Read more. -
Global Authorities Consult on Governance for OTC Derivatives Data Elements
08/16/2018
The Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures and the International Organization of Securities Commissions have published a consultation paper on governance arrangements for OTC derivatives data elements other than the Unique Transaction Identifier and the Unique Product Identifier. Critical data elements are an important aspect of reporting derivatives transactions to a trade repository. The consultation paper proposes the key criteria for the CDE maintenance and governance, the different areas of CDE governance and governance functions and allocation of the governance functions to different bodies.
Responses to the consultation should be submitted by September 27, 2018 using the dedicated response form, available through the links below.
View the press release.
View the consultation paper.Topic : Derivatives -
Financial Stability Board Consults on Implementation of the Legal Entity Identifier
08/16/2018
The Financial Stability Board has launched a thematic peer review on implementation of the Legal Entity Identifier and is inviting feedback on implementation of the LEI at the same time. The objective of the LEI system is for unique identifiers to be held by all legal entities participating in financial markets across the globe. It is envisaged that the LEI system will lead to better data aggregation, enhance systemic risk monitoring and reduce costs to market participants.
Using the peer review, the FSB will: (i) consider the approaches and strategies used by FSB members to implement the LEI, including its adoption for regulatory requirements; (ii) assess whether current levels and rates of LEI adoption are sufficient to support the ongoing and anticipated needs of FSB member authorities; (iii) identify the challenges in further advancing the implementation and use of the LEI; and (iv) if appropriate, make recommendations for addressing any challenges.
Read more. -
EU and UK Authorities Clarify Trading Obligation Expectations for Pension Schemes
08/08/2018
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published a further statement on the transitional exemption from the clearing obligation for pension scheme arrangements under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation and delegated regulations. Transitional provisions provide for PSAs to be exempt from the clearing obligation until August 16, 2018. There is no provision in EMIR that would allow for a further extension of this exemption period. It is proposed that this exemption will be further extended under the proposal to amend EMIR, known as EMIR Refit. ESMA issued a statement on July 3, 2018 stating that national regulators are expected not to prioritize "their supervisory actions towards entities that are expected to be exempted again in a relatively short period of time and to generally apply their risk-based supervisory powers in their day-to-day enforcement of applicable legislation in a proportionate manner."
This new statement clarifies that ESMA does not expect national regulators to focus on any non-compliance by PSAs with the related trading obligation under the Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation. Financial counterparties that are exempt from the clearing obligation under EMIR are also exempt from the trading obligation under MiFIR. It is likely that the clearing obligation exemption will expire before it is extended under EMIR Refit and therefore the trading obligation exemption would also lapse.
Read more. -
Global Bodies Consult on Incentives to Centrally Clear OTC Derivatives
08/07/2018
A consultation paper on incentives to centrally clear OTC derivatives has been jointly published by the Financial Stability Board, the International Organization of Securities Commissions, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision and the Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures. The paper is part of the FSB's post-implementation evaluation of the effects of the G20 financial regulatory reforms. The consultation paper sets out the results of an evaluation of the reforms that have been implemented to incentivize central clearing of OTC derivatives, including mandatory clearing requirements, capital, liquidity and margin requirements, as well as the reforms to CCP resilience, recovery and resolution. The evaluation found that:- the changes observed in OTC derivatives markets are consistent with the G20 Leaders' objective of promoting central clearing as part of mitigating systemic risk and making derivatives markets safer.
- the relevant post-crisis reforms, in particular the capital, margin and clearing reforms, taken together, appear to create an overall incentive, at least for dealers and larger and more active clients, to centrally clear OTC derivatives.
Topic : Derivatives -
Upcoming Priorities for the Global FX Code
08/06/2018
The Global Foreign Exchange Committee has published a paper entitled: "The FX Global Code at One Year: a Look Back and a Look Ahead." The FX Global Code was published by the GFXC in May 2017. It superseded and substantively updated existing guidance for participants in FX markets previously provided by the Non-investment Products (NIPs) Code. The Code comprises a set of global principles of good practice for the FX market, covering a broad range of areas, including ethics, governance, execution, information-sharing, risk management, compliance, trade confirmation and settlement.
The paper discusses the achievements of the GFXC and the way in which the Code has been received by market participants over the past year. These include increased awareness of and commitment to the Code, further integration of the Code into the business practices of FX market participants and evolution of the Code with changes in the FX market, in particular for transparency and disclosure.
The GFXC's upcoming priorities are outlined in the paper. These include:- continuing the existing GFXC working groups - the disclosures working group and the cover and deal working group; and
- establishing two new GFXC working groups - one on buy-side outreach and the other to further integration of the Code.
View the paper. -
UK Conduct Regulator Reminds Firms of Obligations on Selling High-Risk Products to Retail Clients
08/01/2018
The U.K. Financial Conduct Authority has issued a statement on selling high-risk speculative investments to retail clients following the European Securities and Markets Authority's product intervention on contracts for difference products.
ESMA issued decisions in March and June 2018 to temporarily prohibit the marketing, distribution or sale of binary options and to impose restrictions on the marketing, distribution or sale of CFDs to retail clients. In the CFD decision, ESMA had clarified that turbo certificates were outside the scope of the CFD restrictions. However, in its recently updated Q&A on its product intervention, ESMA acknowledges that turbo certificates have comparable features to CFDs, such as leverage.
Read more. -
International Swaps and Derivatives Association Publishes ISDA 2018 US Resolution Stay Protocol to Facilitate Compliance with US Stay Regulations
07/31/2018
The International Swaps and Derivatives Association has published the ISDA 2018 U.S. Resolution Stay Protocol. The protocol was developed to facilitate compliance with regulations issued by the Federal Reserve, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and Office of the Comptroller of the Currency that require global systemically important banking organizations to include contractual stays on early termination rights within in-scope qualified financial contracts, including swaps and repurchase agreements.
Adherence to the protocol will allow covered entities to comply with the U.S. stay regulations by amending in-scope QFCs to ensure that they are consistent with the limits on counterparties' exercise of default rights under Title II of Dodd-Frank and the Federal Deposit Insurance Act. The protocol will also limit counterparties' ability to exercise cross-default rights based on the insolvency or resolution of an affiliate of a covered entity.
ISDA members and non-members may adhere to the protocol beginning from the second half of August 2018. ISDA also announced it would also publish frequently asked questions to provide market participants with additional background information on the protocol and the U.S. stay regulations.
The first compliance date for the U.S. stay regulations is January 1, 2019.
View the protocol.
View ISDA's press release.
View Shearman & Sterling's client alert regarding the U.S. stay regulations. -
European Commission Requires Drafting Amendments to Proposed Technical Standards for Reporting of Securities Financing Transactions
07/27/2018
The European Commission has published a Communication announcing its intention to adopt, with amendments, the Regulatory Technical Standards and Implementing Technical Standards prepared by the European Securities and Markets Authority under the Securities Financing Transactions Regulation. ESMA submitted final draft RTS and ITS to the Commission in March 2017.
The Commission has amended the draft RTS on the details of Securities Financing Transactions to be reported to Trade Repositories and the draft ITS on the format and frequency of reports on the details of SFTs to TRs. The draft RTS and ITS had contained wording to the effect that ESMA would have the power to endorse global unique trade identifiers for transactions or the global legal identifier system as it applies to the branch of an entity. This wording would have had the effect of delegating regulatory powers on potential future reporting requirements directly to ESMA, which is not possible under the legal framework for the European Supervisory Authorities. The Commission has made amendments to clarify that the Commission, rather than ESMA, has the responsibility to introduce changes to the reporting requirements, on the basis of a proposal by ESMA.
Read more. -
US Federal Reserve Vice Chairman Randal Quarles Discusses the SOFR Reference Rate
07/19/2018
U.S. Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System Vice Chairman for Supervision, Randal Quarles, discussed the evolution of reference rates at the Alternative Reference Rates Committee (ARRC) Roundtable at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. Vice Chairman Quarles stated his view that certain markets relevant to some LIBOR tenors are relatively illiquid. He contrasted this with the newly established secured overnight financing rate (SOFR). SOFR is the product of a collaborative effort by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, the Federal Reserve Board and the U.S. Office of Financial Research, and was created in response to the ARRC's interest in establishing a Treasury repo rate benchmark that would span the widest possible scope of the market. Vice Chairman Quarles further noted that the implementation timetable for SOFR is ahead of schedule, that market participants have begun offering clearing of SOFR overnight index and basis swaps, and that futures markets for SOFR have been introduced on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange.
View full text of Vice Chairman Quarles’s remarks. -
Financial Stability Board Consults on Initial Evaluation of the Impact of Regulatory Reforms on Infrastructure Finance
07/18/2018
The Financial Stability Board is seeking feedback on an initial evaluation of the effects of the post-financial crisis regulatory reforms on infrastructure finance. The initial evaluation focuses on infrastructure finance provided by the financial sector, for which the financial regulatory reforms are of immediate relevance. The FSB has established a framework for assessing whether the reforms are achieving their intended outcomes and whether there are any material unintended consequences to be addressed.
The initial evaluation shows the results of a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the Basel III reforms to regulatory capital and the OTC derivatives reforms. The results of a qualitative analysis of reforms that are at an earlier stage of implementation, such as investment funds rules and accounting standards, are also presented.
Feedback on the initial evaluation is invited by August 22, 2018. The FSB will consider the feedback in finalizing its report to the G20, due to be published towards the end of November 2018.
View the consultation paper. -
Bank of England Consults on Term SONIA Reference Rates
07/17/2018
The Bank of England's Working Group on Risk-Free Reference Rates has launched a consultation on term reference rates for the Sterling Overnight Index Average.
The Working Group is tasked with facilitating the transition across sterling bond, loan and derivatives markets from the use of sterling LIBOR to the use of SONIA. The Working Group notes that SONIA is an overnight rate, while LIBOR is commonly referenced in longer tenors of three or six months. Some end-users in loan and debt capital markets have reported that term rates are essential for their business needs.
Read more. -
International Swaps and Derivatives Association Consults on Fall Backs Based on Overnight Risk-Free Rates for Certain Derivatives
07/12/2018
The International Swaps and Derivatives Association has launched a consultation in which it proposes to amend its standard documentation to implement fall-backs based on alternative risk-free rates for certain key Interbank Offered Rates - GBP LIBOR, CHF LIBOR, JPY LIBOR, TIBOR, Euroyen TIBOR and BBSW. ISDA states that the back-ups will apply if the relevant IBOR is permanently discontinued, based on defined triggers.
ISDA is seeking feedback on the approach to address certain technical issues arising from the necessary adjustments that will apply to the RFRs if the fall backs are triggered.
ISDA intends to consult on the technical issues for these changes for derivatives referencing USD LIBOR, EUR LIBOR and EURIBOR at a later date. It requests preliminary feedback on the technical issues associated with fall-backs for these benchmarks in this consultation.
Responses to the consultation should be submitted by October 12, 2018. ISDA will determine which approach to adopt based on the feedback and will publish the final approach for review and comment before implementing any changes to the ISDA standard documentation.
The FSB issued a statement on the same day welcoming ISDA's consultation and encouraging market participants to respond to the proposals.
View ISDA's consultation.
View details of the FSB's statement. -
Financial Stability Board Welcomes ISDA Consultation on Fall Backs Risk-Free Rates for Derivatives
07/12/2018
The Financial Stability Board has published a statement welcoming the consultation by the International Swaps and Derivatives Association on fall backs based on overnight risk-free rates for certain derivative contracts. The statement has been issued to provide market participants with the FSB's views ahead of the consultation by ISDA. The FSB's view is that overnight RFRs are more robust than interbank or term rates because they are based on active and liquid underlying markets. Overnight RFRs are considered by the FSB to be a better choice than term rates for markets where participants do not need forward-looking term rates. The FSB stated that for those markets where the IBOR may cease, citing the example of LIBOR, a transition to new reference rates will be crucial. The FSB acknowledges the work to reform some IBORS excluding LIBOR. It is therefore unclear whether the FSB has factored in the recently announced changes to LIBOR methodology in making this assessment and reaching these conclusions.
Read more. -
EU Consultation on Extending the Exemption From the Clearing Obligation for Intragroup Transactions with Third Country Group Entities
07/11/2018
The European Securities and Markets Authority has opened a consultation on the exemption from the clearing obligation for intragroup transactions with a third country group entity. There are three Regulatory Technical Standards made under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation that provide for the clearing obligation of interest rate derivatives and credit derivatives - the RTS on the clearing obligation for IRS denominated in G4 currencies, the RTS on the clearing obligation for IRS denominated in certain other currencies and the RTS on the clearing obligation for CDS. Each of the RTS also exempt from the clearing obligation intragroup derivative transactions that meet certain conditions where one of the counterparties is a third country group entity and there is no relevant equivalence decision. An equivalence decision enables parties subject to both the EU and a third country's clearing obligation to only comply with one jurisdiction's requirements.
Each of the RTS sets a different expiry date for the exemption period. These dates are:- December 21, 2018 in the RTS on the clearing obligation for IRS denominated in G4 currencies (RTS 2015/2205);
- May 9, 2019 in the RTS on the clearing obligation for CDS (RTS 2015/592); and
- July 9, 2019 in the RTS on the clearing obligation for IRS denominated in certain other currencies (RTS 2016/1178).
ESMA is proposing to extend the exemption period by amending each of the RTS to have one unified expiry date of December 21, 2020.
Comments on the proposals should be provided by August 30, 2018. ESMA will consider the feedback in finalizing the draft amending RTS for submission to the European Commission.
View the consultation paper.Topic : Derivatives -
EU and UK Authorities Clarify Clearing Obligation Expectations for Pension Schemes
07/03/2018
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published a statement on the transitional exemption from the clearing obligation for pension scheme arrangements under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation and delegated regulations. Transitional provisions provide for PSAs to be exempt from the clearing obligation until August 16, 2018. There is no provision in EMIR that would allow for a further extension of this exemption period. It is proposed that this exemption will be further extended under the proposal to amend EMIR, known as EMIR Refit. The length of the extension is yet to be agreed as part of the EMIR Refit legislative process between the European Parliament (which advocates a two-year extension) and the Council of the European Union (which supports a three-year extension). Parliament is also proposing to backdate the application of the new transitional period to August 16, 2018 if EMIR Refit enters into force after the expiry of the existing exemption so as to prevent a gap between the two exemptions periods, providing legal certainty for PSAs and their counterparties.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Approves Proposed Amendments to Self-Regulatory Organization Surveillance Programs for Futures Commission Merchants
06/28/2018
The Commodity Futures Trading Commission has proposed to simplify its standards for a self-regulatory organization's financial surveillance program for futures commission merchants. The proposed amendments result from the CFTC's Project KISS initiative to simplify and modernize the Commission's regulations.
Under CFTC Regulation 1.52, a third-party examinations expert is required to evaluate an SRO's FCM supervisory program and the application of the program at least once every three years. The proposed amendments would narrow the scope of this evaluation to only consider whether the SRO's FCM examination standards are consistent with auditing standards issued by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board. The proposal would also reduce the frequency of reviews by an examination expert, to once every five years or after the issuance of new or amended audit standards by the PCAOB that require material changes to the SRO's FCM examination standards.
Comments on the proposed amendments are due September 4, 2018.
View the CFTC’s press release.
View the proposed amendments.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission and the Securities and Exchange Commission Approve New Arrangements to Harmonize Title VII Rulemakings
06/28/2018
The U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission and the Securities and Exchange Commission have approved a new Memorandum of Understanding between the two agencies. The MOU, which updates and enhances an MOU approved by the agencies in 2008, is aimed at fostering cooperation and information sharing in order to harmonize joint rulemakings mandated under Title VII of Dodd-Frank, which governs the regulation of swaps and security-based swaps.
The MOU outlines several measures intended to increase coordination. These include holding inter-agency meetings and consultations to enhance coordination and cooperation, sharing information relating to firms registered with both agencies and specific incidents that are of common regulatory interest to both agencies, and informing the other agency in advance of developments that may impact its regulatory interests.
CFTC Chairman J. Christopher Giancarlo said the MOU will enhance the agencies' "oversight efforts and reduce unnecessary complexity, and lessen costs on both regulators and market participants," and SEC Chairman Jay Clayton added that the agreement will support a "coherent and coordinated approach to regulation."
The MOU will become effective on the date of its signing and will remain effective unless terminated by either agency. Revisions and modifications may be made upon agreement or as required by changes in law.
View the joint press release.
View the MOU.Topic : Derivatives -
European Securities and Markets Authority Issues Opinion on CCP Liquidity Risk Assessment
06/22/2018
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published an Opinion on the liquidity risk assessment that a CCP must undertake under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. The Opinion is addressed to national regulators that supervise CCPs.
EMIR requires a CCP to measure its potential liquidity needs on a daily basis and to ensure that it has access at all times to adequate liquidity to perform its services and activities. A CCP must, therefore, ensure it has access to credit lines or other arrangements with liquidity providers in case the financial resources at its disposal are not immediately available. In measuring its liquidity needs, a CCP is required to take into account the liquidity risk generated by the default of at least the two clearing members to which it has its largest exposures (the liquidity risk "Cover-2" test). EMIR and related delegated legislation provide detail on how a CCP should assess the liquidity risk arising from each of its relationships with its clearing members and its liquidity providers.
Read more. -
European Securities and Markets Authority Publishes Annual Report
06/19/2018
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published its Annual Report, dated June 15, 2018. The report sets out ESMA's key achievements against its 2017 objectives of promoting supervisory convergence, assessing risks to investors, markets and financial stability, completing a single rulebook for the EU financial markets and directly supervising trade repositories, credit rating agencies and third-country CCPs. The report also discusses ESMA's contributions to the work of the Joint Committee of the European Supervisory Authorities.
The report does not consider the focus areas for ESMA in 2018, which are set out in ESMA's work programes. However, ESMA indicates that in 2018 it will be, among other things: (i) issuing further opinions on pre-transparency waivers under the Markets in Financial Instruments package; (ii) engaging with credit rating agencies and trade repositories on their strategy, governance, operational matters and preparations for Brexit; and (iii) continuing its work to finalize the technical standards and technical advice under the EU Prospectus Regulation.
View ESMA's Annual Report. -
EU Report on Penalties Under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation
06/13/2018
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published its first annual report on penalties imposed by national regulators for infringement of obligations under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. The report focuses on supervisory measures and penalties imposed by EU national regulators in relation to the EMIR clearing obligation, the reporting obligation, obligations on non-financial counterparties and the risk mitigation techniques for uncleared derivatives. The obligations on CCPs and Trade Repositories are out of scope of the report.
The report has been provided to the European Commission, the Council of the European Union and the European Parliament. ESMA notes that the report can be used to identify best practices as well as areas which might benefit from increased harmonization.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
Commodity Futures Trading Commission Proposes to Maintain $8 Billion Swap Dealer De Minimis Threshold and Approves Proposed Changes to the Volcker Rule
06/04/2018
At the Commodity Futures Trading Commission's open meeting on June 4, 2018, the CFTC voted to propose rules that would permanently maintain the swap dealer de minimis registration threshold at $8 billion. The Commission voted 2-1 to issue the proposal, with Chairman J. Christopher Giancarlo and Commissioner Brian Quintenz voting in favor and Commissioner Rostin Behnam dissenting.
Under the proposed rule, firms with less than $8 billion in notional value of OTC derivatives would be exempted from the CFTC's swap dealer registration requirements, as under the current regime. The proposed rule also would exclude swaps of insured depository institutions made in connection with loans from a firm's notional calculation. The proposal seeks comment on a number of other potential exclusions from the de minimis threshold, and Chairman Giancarlo stated that the CFTC is exploring with its counterparts at the Securities and Exchange Commission and prudential regulators further potential exclusions from swap dealer registration.
Read more. -
European Securities and Markets Authority Adopts First Product Intervention Measures for Contracts for Difference and Binary Options
06/01/2018
The European Securities and Markets Authority has adopted two Decisions on the provision of Contracts for Difference and binary options to retail investors. The effect of the Decisions is to prohibit the marketing, distribution and sale of binary options to retail investors and to impose a number of restrictions on the marketing, distribution and sale of Contracts for Difference to retail investors. Both CFDs and binary options are considered to have given rise to significant investor protection concerns, due to their complexity, the lack of transparent information at the point of sale, the risk of significant loss for investors and the deployment of aggressive marketing techniques by providers and distributors of the products.
Read more. -
European Securities and Markets Authority Finalizes Guidelines on Anti-Procyclicality Margin Measures for CCPs
05/28/2018
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published a Final Report, setting out Guidelines for national regulators of CCPs on the application of rules under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation that require CCPs to adopt anti-procyclicality margin measures.
EMIR requires CCPs to impose, call and collect margins to limit their credit exposures from clearing members. A CCP must also regularly monitor and, if necessary, revise the level of its margins to reflect current market conditions taking into account any potentially procyclical effects of those revisions. Procyclicality of margin is the term used to describe the fact that margin requirements for the same portfolio are higher in times of market stress and lower in calm conditions. Regulatory Technical Standards under EMIR set out requirements for CCPs to use at least one of three options to limit procyclicality to the extent that the financial soundness of the CCP is not negatively affected. This has been controversial, since U.S. regulators impose no such requirements in practice on U.S. CCPs, leading to more expensive margin requirements in Europe. The Guidelines seek to clarify and ensure consistent application of the requirements across the EU.
Read more. -
EU Secondary Legislation Published on the Exclusion of Transactions With Non-EU Non-Financial Counterparties From Credit Valuation Adjustment Risk Charges
05/18/2018
A Commission Delegated Regulation has been published in the Official Journal of the European Union, setting out Regulatory Technical Standards on procedures for excluding from the own funds requirement for credit valuation adjustment risk transactions with non-financial counterparties that are established in a third country and that do not hold positions over the clearing threshold under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation (so called NFC-s). The RTS supplement the requirements of the Capital Requirements Regulation.
Under the CRR, transactions between an institution and a NFC- are excluded from the own funds requirements for CVA risk, irrespective of whether that NFC- is established in the EU or in a third country. As NFC-s established in third countries are not subject directly to EU regulation, the RTS clarify that EU firms are responsible for: (i) taking the necessary steps to identify all NFC-s under this exemption and calculating accordingly their own funds requirements for CVA risk; (ii) ensuring that exempt counterparties established outside the EU would qualify as NFC-s if they were established in the EU; and (iii) ensuring that counterparties calculate the clearing threshold according to the relevant provisions in EMIR and do not exceed those thresholds.
Read more. -
EU Supervisory Authorities Consult on Aligning EMIR Clearing and Risk-Mitigation Obligations For Securitizations With Those For Covered Bonds
05/04/2018
The Joint Committee of the European Supervisory Authorities has published two consultations on proposed amendments to: (i) Regulatory Technical Standards on the clearing obligation under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation for certain classes of OTC derivatives; and (ii) RTS on risk-mitigation techniques for OTC derivative contracts not cleared by a CCP. The proposed changes aim to incorporate the provisions of the Securitization Regulation (also known as the STS Regulation), which entered into force on January 17, 2018.
The Securitization Regulation notes that there is a degree of substitutability between covered bonds and securitizations. The Securitization Regulation therefore amends EMIR, among other things, to ensure consistency of treatment between the regime for derivatives transactions associated with covered bonds and the one for securitizations, with respect to the clearing obligation and the margin requirements for non-centrally cleared OTC derivatives. The ESAs have been mandated to make the necessary changes to existing RTS to effect consistent treatment.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
US Treasury Counselor to the Secretary Craig Phillips Discusses Regulatory Reform
04/30/2018
U.S. Treasury Counselor to the Secretary, Craig Phillips, spoke at the International Swaps and Derivatives Association’s 33rd annual general meeting regarding regulatory policies of relevance to ISDA members.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
Clarification on Scope of EMIR Obligations for Public Entity Clearing Members Needed
04/27/2018
The Chair of the European Securities and Markets Authority, Steven Maijoor, has written to the European Commission recommending that clarification of certain provisions of the European Market Infrastructure Regulation should be made during the current revision of EMIR. EMIR requires clearing members of CCPs to provide initial margin and default fund contributions. ESMA has noticed that CCPs across the EU, as well as their national regulators, are adopting different approaches to these requirements for public entities. Some CCPs and national regulators exempt public entity clearing members from the requirement to provide initial margin and default fund contributions while others grant no exemptions.
ESMA requests the Commission to consider whether the scope of EMIR needs to be clarified and whether a specific amendment could be made to EMIR during the current review process.
The European Commission published legislative proposals to amend EMIR in May - the technical revisions in so-called EMIR 2.1 - and June 2017 - the Brexit-driven CCP "location policy" or so-called EMIR 2.2, which attempts to force the relocation of UK CCPs to the Eurozone. The legislative procedures to finalize those changes are ongoing.
View the letter.
View the Commission's technical amendments legislative proposal.
View the Commission's location policy legislative proposal. -
Financial Stability Board Publishes Second Consultation on Governance of the Unique Product Identifier
04/26/2018
The Financial Stability Board has opened a second consultation on governance of the Unique Product Identifier. The FSB identified UPIs in September 2014 as a critical element towards a mechanism to produce and share global aggregated derivatives reporting data, along with the development of a unique transaction identifier and the harmonization of other key data elements. The receipt of aggregated derivatives reporting data will enable national regulators to better assess systemic risk and perform other market oversight functions.
The purpose of the UPI is to uniquely identify OTC derivatives products that regulators require, or may require in the future, to be reported to trade repositories. The UPI system will assign a code to each OTC derivative product which maps to a set of data elements describing the product in a corresponding reference database, the UPI Reference Data Library. The Library will be administered by either one or a number of UPI Service Provider(s).
This second consultation paper seeks feedback on specific issues relating to the UPI Governance Arrangements, including fee models and cost recovery, intellectual property, standardization and potential restrictions on the activities of a UPI service provider. The FSB is also asking for feedback on whether a single UPI service provider model would be more suitable than having a competitive multi-UPI service provider model.
The consultation closes on May 24, 2018. The FSB intends to finalize the UPI governance arrangements and identify one or more UPI service provider(s) by mid-2019.
View the consultation paper.Topic : Derivatives -
European Securities and Markets Authority Seeks Clarity on the Ancillary Activity Exemption under MiFID II
04/09/2018
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published a letter from its Chair, Steven Maijoor, to the European Commission seeking clarification on how to interpret the ancillary activity exemption under the revised Markets in Financial Instruments Directive.
MiFID II exempts non-financial entities that deal on own account, or provide investment services to clients, in commodity derivatives from having to obtain authorization as an investment firm under MiFID II provided that, among other things, this activity is ancillary to their main business. The provisions of MiFID II are supplemented by a Commission Delegated Regulation setting out the Regulatory Technical Standard on the criteria to establish when an activity is considered to be ancillary to the main business. The wording of both MiFID II and the RTS suggest that the tests for whether activity is ancillary should be carried out at the level of the entity's group. However, some drafting amendments that were introduced by the Commission have led to uncertainty as to whether the tests should be carried out at the level of the entity rather than at group level.
ESMA states that it would not be appropriate for it to address this uncertainty through its usual Questions and Answers and invites the Commission to provide further guidance on the interpretation and implementation of the ancillary activity criteria, in particular on the level at which the tests should be applied.
View the ESMA letter.
View the Commission Delegated Regulation (2017/592). -
Final Global Technical Guidance on Critical OTC Derivatives Data Published
04/09/2018
The Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures and the Board of the International Organization of Securities Commissions have published final Technical Guidance on the harmonization of critical OTC derivatives data reported to trade repositories. The Technical Guidance does not cover the Unique Transaction Identifier and Unique Product Identifier. The Financial Stability Board identified the development of a UTI, UPI and other key data elements as critical for a mechanism to produce and share global aggregated derivatives reporting data. The Technical Guidance sets out the definition, format and allowable values of critical elements that would facilitate consistent aggregation of reported data at global level. It does not specify which data elements must be reported because those requirements are set by the relevant authorities in each jurisdiction. The Guidance is for national authorities to use and it is not intended to function as a set of rules for market participants.
View the Technical Guidance.Topic : Derivatives -
UK Financial Conduct Authority Confirms Regulatory Status of Cryptocurrency Derivatives
04/06/2018
The Financial Conduct Authority has published a statement confirming the regulatory requirements applicable to firms engaged in cryptocurrency derivatives. The FCA does not regulate cryptocurrencies, provided that they do not form part of other regulated services or products. However, the FCA states that cryptocurrency derivatives may be categorized as financial instruments under the revised Markets in Financial Instruments Directive II and that firms carrying out regulated activities in cryptocurrency derivatives should comply with the FCA's Handbook rules as well as the directly applicable EU provisions. The FCA points out that dealing in, arranging transactions in, advising on or providing other services that are regulated activities in relation to derivatives that reference cryptocurrencies or tokens issued through an Initial Coin Offering will require FCA authorization.
View the FCA's statement. -
European Securities and Markets Authority Confirms Product Intervention for Contracts for Difference and Binary Options
03/27/2018
The European Securities and Markets Authority has confirmed that it will use its product intervention powers under the Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation to prohibit the marketing, distribution and sale of binary options to retail investors. It will also impose a number of restrictions on the marketing, distribution and sale of Contracts for Difference to retail investors. Both CFDs and binary options have given rise to significant investor protection concerns, due to their complexity, the lack of transparent information at the point of sale, the risk of significant loss for investors and the deployment of aggressive marketing techniques by providers and distributors of the products.
Read more. -
European Securities and Markets Authority Issues Final Guidelines for Position Calculation by Trade Repositories
03/27/2018
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published finalized Guidelines on position calculation by trade repositories under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. ESMA consulted on a draft version of the Guidelines at the end of 2017.
EMIR requires that derivatives contracts are reported to a trade repository by the parties to the contract or by the CCP. Reporting parties do not have to report their trades to the same trade repositories. Instead, trade repositories must take steps to reconcile records among one another. Trade repositories are required to calculate the positions by class of derivatives and the reporting entity, based on the reports received. Trade repositories are also required to publish aggregate positions by class of derivatives.
ESMA has introduced new Guidelines to provide a framework for trade repositories to provide the relevant calculations in a common format and follow a consistent methodology and timeline. This will promote the provision to relevant authorities with more consistent and harmonized position data in relation to derivatives and higher standards as regards the data that is made available to authorities.
Read moreTopic : Derivatives -
Financial Stability Board Launches Survey on Legal Barriers to Reporting OTC Derivatives Trades
03/23/2018
The Financial Stability Board has launched a survey seeking feedback from financial institutions and other reporting entities on legal barriers that prevent or hinder them from reporting full transaction information on over-the-counter derivatives trades to Trade Repositories.
Legal barriers that can prevent full trade reporting include blocking laws, client confidentiality laws, data protection laws and related requirements or restrictions. Trade reporting is an important component of the comprehensive reforms of OTC derivatives markets agreed by the G20 in 2009. A thematic peer review of derivative trade reporting conducted by the FSB in 2015 revealed a number of legal barriers to trade reporting. These barriers can hamper national regulators in carrying out their regulatory obligations, such as monitoring and analyzing systemic risk and market activity. The FSB has previously published progress reports in 2016 and 2017 setting out steps FSB member jurisdictions have taken and are planning to take. FSB member jurisdictions have committed to take action to remove legal barriers by June 2018.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
European Securities and Markets Authority Issues Opinion on Application of MiFIR Trading Obligation to Package Orders
03/21/2018
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published an Opinion on the treatment of package orders in the context of the trading obligation for derivatives under the Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation. The trading obligation requires that the trading of certain derivatives must take place on a regulated market, multilateral trading facility, organised trading facility or on an equivalent third-country trading venue.
Package orders are used by investment firms and their clients to conduct trades for risk management and hedging purposes. They are composed of two or more financial instruments that are priced as a single unit. The execution of each component is simultaneous and contingent upon on the execution of all the other components. Under MiFIR, the trading obligation is designed to apply at instrument level, not package level – the obligation attaches to the components of a package, but not to the package as a whole. Difficulties may arise where a package order contains a mixture of instruments, where some are subject to the trading obligation while others are not. ESMA considers that the components of a package need to be executed on a trading venue only where it is feasible to do so without creating undue operational or execution risk.
Read more. -
Federal Reserve Bank of New York Announces Plans to Begin Publication of Treasury Repo Reference Rates on April 3, 2018
02/28/2018
The Federal Reserve Bank of New York has announced it will begin publication of three Treasury repo reference rates on April 3, 2018. The rates will reflect data from the previous day and will be published each day at approximately 8:00 a.m. Eastern Time.
These rates include the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR), which will be based on triparty repo data from Bank of New York Mellon and cleared bilateral and GCF Repo data from the Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; the Triparty General Collateral Rate (TGCR), which will solely include triparty repo data; and the Broad General Collateral Rate (BGCR), which will be based on triparty repo data and GCF Repo data. In December, the Alternative Reference Rates Committee recommended SOFR as an alternative to U.S. dollar LIBOR in certain new U.S. dollar derivatives and other financial contracts.
Read more. -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Chief of Staff Provides Project KISS Update
02/12/2018
The Commodity Futures Trading Commission Chief of Staff Michael Gill provided an update on the CFTC's Project KISS initiative at the CFTC KISS Policy Forum in Washington, D.C. He said that after a thorough review of public comments received through the initiative, the Commission has broken the recommendations down into three tiers: (1) simple housekeeping changes with no discretionary policy adjustments; (2) suggestions reducing regulatory burdens with minor policy implications; and (3) initiatives that have more significant policy implications. Through the Project KISS review process, the CFTC is only focused on the first two tiers, although suggestions in the third tier will be addressed at a later date, Gill said.
The proposals cover a wide range of policy issues across the CFTC's divisions. The Division of Clearing and Risk is examining the process through which the CFTC grants exemptions from derivatives clearing organization registration, amendments to various DCO regulations and extensive proposed amendments to current Part 190 regulations.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Proposes New Measure to Calculate Size of Interest Rate Swap Markets
02/01/2018
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission is considering a new measure to calculate the size of the interest rate swap (IRS) markets. Under the methodology proposed in a paper by CFTC Chief Economist Bruce Tuckman, the value of the IRS markets would be determined by the calculation of what the paper refers to as "Entity-Netted Notionals" (ENNs) instead of the current gross notional measure used today, which the paper argues overstates risk transfer in the markets.
ENNs would be calculated by: (1) converting the long and short notional amounts of each counterparty to five-year risk equivalents; (2) netting longs against shorts in a given currency within pairs of legal entities; and (3) summing the resulting net longs or shorts across counterparties. Under this calculation, the value of the current IRS markets would be approximately $15 trillion, which represents roughly 8% of the current $179 trillion market valuation under the current notional calculation.
In a speech introducing the paper, CFTC Chairman J. Christopher Giancarlo argued that the new measure would ensure the IRS markets are more easily compared to other markets, and, in particular, that it would bring their value closer to other fixed income markets, such as the markets for US Treasuries, corporate bonds, mortgages and municipal securities. However, he also acknowledged that ENNs are not intended to measure counterparty or operational risk and said his intention is not necessarily to use the calculation to rethink regulatory thresholds, such as the swap dealer de minimis registration threshold.
The CFTC is looking for market reaction to the ENNs proposal.
View the Office of the Chief Economist's paper.
View Chairman Giancarlo's speech.Topic : Derivatives -
Proposed EU Guidelines on CCP Requirement for Anti-Procyclicality Margin Measures
01/08/2018
The European Securities and Markets Authority is consulting on proposed guidelines for national regulators of CCPs on the application of the rules requiring CCPs to adopt anti-procyclicality margin measures.
The European Market Infrastructure Regulation requires CCPs to impose, call and collect margins to limit its credit exposures from clearing members. A CCP must also regularly monitor and, if necessary, revise the level of its margins to reflect current market conditions taking into account any potentially procyclical effects of those revisions. The Regulatory Technical Standards on requirements for CCPs provides that CCPs must use at least one of three options to limit procyclicality to the extent that the financial soundness of the CCP is not negatively affected.
During the EMIR Review, ESMA highlighted that the implementation of these requirements differs across CCPs and that the effectiveness and supervision of these measures could be improved. The draft guidelines seek to clarify and ensure consistent application of the requirements across the EU.
Read more. -
Commodity Futures Trading Commission Discusses Approach to Virtual Currency Futures Markets
01/04/2018
The Commodity Futures Trading Commission has released a backgrounder on the federal oversight of virtual currencies and its approach to regulating the virtual currency derivatives markets. Because virtual currencies have been deemed a commodity, certain derivative and other transactions in virtual currencies may be subject to CFTC oversight under the Commodity Exchange Act.
The CFTC outlined its 5-pronged approach to the regulation of derivatives involving virtual currencies, which will focus on (1) consumer education; (2) asserting legal authority; (3) market intelligence; (4) robust enforcement; and (5) government-wide coordination.
Read more. -
Final Global Governance Arrangements for Unique Transaction Identifier Published
12/29/2017
The Financial Stability Board has published the Governance Arrangements for the Unique Transaction Identifier and a recommended implementation plan for the arrangements following its consultation in March 2017. The UTI is a critical element for the production and sharing of global aggregated derivatives reporting data. The purpose of the global UTI would be to uniquely identify each OTC derivative transaction required by authorities to be reported to trade repositories, thus minimizing the potential for the same transaction to be counted more than once.
The FSB has designated the International Organization for Standardization as the body responsible for publishing and maintaining the UTI data standard. The Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures and the International Organization of Securities Commissions have been designated on an interim basis as responsible for the governance functions relating to the UTI. The FSB would like the UTI to have a common governance framework and governance body with the unique product identifier and will make the final permanent designation once the governance of the UPI is finalized. The FSB intends to consult further on the UPI governance arrangements in 2018.
The FSB recommends that the UTI is implemented by no later than the end of 2020.
View the FSB's governance arrangements for the UTI.Topic : Derivatives -
EU Derivatives Trading Obligation Enters Into Force
12/22/2017
A Commission Delegated Regulation on the derivatives trading obligation under the Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation has been published in the Official Journal of the European Union.
The trading obligation is applicable to classes of derivatives that: (i) have been declared subject to the clearing obligation under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation, (ii) are admitted to trading or traded on at least one EU trading venue (a regulated market, multilateral trading facility, organized trading facility or a third country equivalent trading venue) and (iii) are sufficiently liquid. The trading obligation applies to financial counterparties and to non-financial counterparties. Where a class of derivatives is determined to be subject to the MiFIR trading obligation, such derivative may only be traded on a third country trading venues if it has been determined to be equivalent by the European Commission.
Read more. -
European Supervisory Authorities Publish Final Draft Technical Standards Amending Margin Requirements for Non-Centrally Cleared OTC Derivatives
12/18/2017
The Joint Committee of the European Supervisory Authorities has published a final report containing final draft Regulatory Technical Standards amending the requirements for risk-mitigation techniques for uncleared OTC derivative contracts where those contracts relate to physically settled FX forwards. The European Market Infrastructure Regulation requires counterparties to uncleared OTC derivative transactions to implement risk mitigation techniques to reduce counterparty credit risk. The RTS prescribe required margin amounts to be posted and collected and the methodologies by which the minimum amount of initial margin and variation margin should be calculated, as well as listing securities eligible as collateral, such as sovereign bonds, covered bonds, some securitization instruments, corporate bonds, gold and some equities. The variation margin requirements have applied to all counterparties since March 1, 2017 although they will only be applicable for physically-settled FX forwards from January 3, 2018.
Market participants have experienced difficulties in exchanging VM, in particular, in transactions with end-users. In addition, the EU's implementation of the international standards on margin exchange is more extensive than that in some other jurisdictions.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
European Securities and Markets Authority Issues Revised Guidance on Post-Trade Transparency and Position Limits When Transacting on Non-EU Trading Venues
12/15/2017
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published two revised Opinions providing further guidance on the post-trade transparency and position limits requirements relating to transactions on non-EU trading venues under the revised Markets in Financial Instruments Directive and the Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation. ESMA first published the Opinions in May 2017.
The first Opinion sets out ESMA's view on determining third-country trading venues for the purpose of transparency under MiFIR. MiFIR requires EU investment firms to make information on transactions in financial instruments traded on a trading venue public. Details of actual transactions must be made public as close to real time as possible – for equities, within one minute of trading, and for non-equities, within 15 minutes (reducing to five minutes in 2020). The Opinion sets out ESMA's view of which transactions between EU and non-EU firms, and which transactions conducted on third-country trading venues should be subject to these post-trade transparency requirements. The Opinion provides objective criteria for identifying those third-country venues that have similar post-trade transparency requirements as EU trading venues. Trades on third-county venues that satisfy the criteria will not need to be made transparent post-trade.
Read more. -
Global Standard Bodies Launch Review of OTC Derivatives Reforms
12/14/2017
The Financial Stability Board, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, the Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures and the International Organization for Securities Commissions have jointly launched a review of the regulatory reforms on incentives for central clearing of OTC derivatives. The review forms part of the FSB’s commitment to evaluate the effects of the G20 Financial Regulatory reforms. Qualitative survey forms have been published for participants in the clearing space (CCPs, clients/end-users, clearing members and banks providing clearing services to clients) to complete on a group-wide basis.
The deadline for submitting completed surveys is January 26, 2018. A final report on the impact of the G20 reforms is expected by the end of 2018.
View the surveys and related information.Topic : Derivatives -
EU Roadmap for Completing the Economic and Monetary Union: Key Points for Financial Institutions
12/06/2017
The European Commission has published a Communication on further steps towards completing Europe's Economic and Monetary Union. The Commission is proposing several initiatives. First, the Commission is proposing a regulation to establish a European Monetary Fund. The EMF would replace the existing European Stability Mechanism and would act as a backstop to the Single Resolution Fund. Any support that the EMF provided to the SRF would need to be fully repaid by the Single Resolution Board from its own resources, including contributions from the industry. There are also proposals on new budgetary instruments for a stable euro area within the EU framework, changes to the Common Provisions Regulation, proposals to strengthen the Structural Reform Support Programme and a proposal to establish a European Minister of Economy and Finance. The Communication is supplemented by a proposed roadmap for implementing these steps over the next 18 months. The proposed roadmap indicates the dates by which certain of the Commission's proposed financial services legislation would be finalized. The risk-reduction package (amendments to the Capital Requirements framework and the Bank Recovery and Resolution Directive) would be finalized by mid-2018 and the Capital Markets Union legislative initiatives, including the review of the European Supervisory Authorities and the European Market Infrastructure Regulation, would be finalized by mid-2019.
View the Commission's Communication. -
EU Equivalence Decision on US Derivatives Trading Venues Published
12/05/2017
The European Commission has adopted a Commission Implementing Decision on the equivalence of the legal and supervisory framework applicable to designated contract markets and swap execution facilities in the United States for the purposes of the trading obligation for derivatives under the Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation. From January 3, 2018 MiFIR will require that derivatives declared subject to the trading obligation must be traded on EU trading venues or third-country trading venues recognized by the European Commission as equivalent. Derivatives that will be subject to the trading obligation are euro, dollar and pound interest rate swaps in the most common benchmark tenors, as well as index-based credit default swaps.
Read more. -
EU Moves to Remove Physically-Settled FX Forwards from Variation Margin Requirements
11/24/2017
The Joint Committee of the European Supervisory Authorities has announced a review of the Regulatory Technical Standards under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation which include the requirement to exchange variation margin for physically-settled FX forwards.
EMIR requires counterparties to uncleared OTC derivative transactions to implement risk mitigation techniques to reduce counterparty credit risk. The RTS prescribe required margin amounts to be posted and collected and the methodologies by which the minimum amount of initial margin and variation margin should be calculated, as well as listing securities eligible as collateral, such as sovereign bonds, covered bonds, some securitization instruments, corporate bonds, gold and some equities. The variation margin requirements have applied to all counterparties since March 1, 2017 although they will only be applicable for physically-settled FX forwards from January 3, 2018.
Market participants have experienced difficulties in exchanging VM, in particular, in transactions with end-users. In addition, the EU's implementation of the international standards on margin exchange is more extensive than that in some other jurisdictions.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
EU Technical Standards Aligning Indirect Clearing Requirements for MiFID II and EMIR Published
11/21/2017
The final Regulatory Technical Standards under the Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation on indirect clearing arrangements for exchange-traded derivatives and amending RTS under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation on indirect clearing arrangements for OTC derivatives have been published in the Official Journal of the European Union. The versions published are equal to those which were adopted by the European Commission on September 22, 2017. Indirect clearing refers to a situation where two or more entities are intermediaries standing between a client and a CCP in a contractual chain. EMIR established RTS on indirect clearing arrangements applicable to OTC products and MiFID extends these rules and principles to exchange-traded products. The EMIR RTS is now being revised to align with the new MiFIR RTS. Both pieces of legislation allow for indirect clearing arrangements to be established, and establish structures intended to result in equivalent protections for indirect clearing to those available for direct clearing (where only one intermediary exists). Various requirements in relation to segregation and portability at client, clearing member and CCP level are established and new required procedures to manage client defaults apply at clearing member level. Two new kinds of accounts must be established at client, clearing member and CCP level which enable such persons to distinguish indirect client positions and collateral from own account client positions and collateral.
The RTS and the amending RTS will enter into force on December 11, 2017 and will apply from January 3, 2018.
View the RTS on indirect clearing under MiFIR.
View the amending RTS on indirect clearing under EMIR.
View the existing RTS on indirect clearing under EMIR. -
Commodity Futures Trading Commission Issues No-Action Relief to Swap Execution Facilities from Timing Requirements for Certain Reporting
11/20/2017
The Commodity Futures Trading Commission Division of Market Oversight has issued no-action relief to Swap Execution Facilities and their chief compliance officers from certain timing requirements regarding annual compliance reports and fourth quarter financial reports. SEF CCOs are required to file the compliance report with the CFTC no later than 60 calendar days after the end of the SEF’s fiscal year, and a SEF must concurrently file its fourth quarter financial report with the CFTC within that same time frame. Multiple SEFs have cited difficulty complying with CFTC time constraints. The relief provides SEFs and their CCOs an additional 30 calendar days to concurrently file the compliance report and fourth quarter financial report with the CFTC, such that the reports will now be due no later than 90 calendar days after the end of the SEF’s fiscal year.
The relief, issued under CFTC staff letter 17-61, is set to expire November 30, 2020.
View the Press Release.
View CFTC Staff Letter 17-61.Topic : Derivatives -
EU Proposed Guidelines on Position Calculation by a Trade Repository
11/17/2017
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published proposed Guidelines on position calculation by trade repositories under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. EMIR requires that derivatives contracts are reported to a trade repository by the parties to the contract or the CCP. Reporting parties do not have to report their trades to the same trade repositories. Instead, trade repositories must take steps to reconcile records among one another. Repositories are required to calculate the positions by class of derivatives and the reporting entity, based on the reports received. Trade repositories are also required to publish aggregate positions by class of derivatives. ESMA is proposing new Guidelines for trade repositories on calculating the positions because trade repositories have adopted different and inconsistent approaches to position calculation which thwarts the aggregation of data across trade repositories for the purpose of monitoring systemic risks to financial stability. The proposed Guidelines seek to ensure consistency between trade repository position calculations so that overall entity-level positions can be determined by the supervising authorities. The proposed Guidelines include high-level principles and specific procedures for trade repositories to follow and require trade repositories to make available position data in four separate reports – a Position Set, Currency Position Set, Collateral Set and Collateral Currency Position Set.
ESMA is requesting feedback on the proposed Guidelines by January 15, 2018. ESMA expects to publish a final report and final Guidelines in the first half of 2018.
View the proposed Guidelines.Topic : Derivatives -
US Regulator Warns EU about Proposed Extraterritorial Overreach
11/06/2017
The Commodity Futures Trading Commission Chairman J. Christopher Giancarlo has authored an opinion piece in the Wall Street Journal warning of potential consequences if the European Union mishandles Britain's impending exit from the EU. The European Commission's proposed amendments to the European Market Infrastructure Regulation and the regulation establishing the European Securities and Markets Authority would provide ESMA and the European Central Bank with greater supervisory powers over third-country CCPs. Specifically, Chairman Giancarlo argued that the European Commission’s proposed rulemaking that would authorize regulation of financial entities outside the EU by the European Central Bank and ESMA would result in overlapping and uncoordinated regulation in US financial markets. Chairman Giancarlo believes this lack of harmonization and clear jurisdictional limitations could prove expensive and damaging to US economic growth and ultimately impact job growth. Additionally, Chairman Giancarlo suggests that submitting to European rules could set a dangerous precedent going forward which could result in further imposition of European costs and regulatory burdens on the US economy.
View the article. -
EU Equivalence Decision for US on Uncleared Derivatives
10/14/2017
A Commission Implementing Decision declaring equivalence of the US legal, supervisory and enforcement arrangements for risk mitigation techniques and exchange of collateral has been published in the Official Journal of the European Union. The European Market Infrastructure Regulation requires counterparties to uncleared derivatives to comply with requirements on timely confirmation, portfolio compression, procedures for reconciliation of disputes and the exchange of collateral, collectively known as the risk mitigation techniques. The European Commission is empowered to adopt an equivalence decision declaring that the requirements of a third country are equivalent to the EMIR requirements on risk mitigation.
The Implementing Decision applies to swaps regulated by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission that are not cleared by a CCP where at least one of the counterparties to the swap is established in the US and is registered with the CFTC as a swap dealer or a major swap participant, and for collateral exchange, where the US counterparty is subject to CFTC margin requirements. This Decision means that where an EU counterparty that is subject to the requirements of EMIR enters into an uncleared derivatives contract with a US swap dealer or major swap participant, the EU counterparty will be deemed to have complied with its obligations under EMIR by complying with the US requirements.
This is the first equivalence decision under EMIR relating to the risk mitigation techniques for uncleared derivatives. Equivalence decisions relating to the supervision and regulation of CCPs are already in place. The Implementing Decision enters into force on November 3, 2017.
View the Implementing Decision.Topic : Derivatives -
US and EU Announce Common Approach to Derivatives Trading Venues
10/13/2017
The European Commission and the US Commodity Futures Trading Commission have published a joint statement announcing a common approach for recognizing certain derivatives trading venues authorized in the EU and the US for the purposes of the trading obligation. The Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation imposes a trading obligation on EU financial counterparties and non-financial counterparties for transactions in derivatives that: (i) have been declared subject to the clearing obligation under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation; (ii) are admitted to trading or traded on at least one EU trading venue (a regulated market, multilateral trading facility or organized trading facility) or a third-country equivalent trading venue; and (iii) are sufficiently liquid. The European Commission may adopt an equivalence decision declaring that certain third-country trading venues are subject to an equivalent legal, supervisory and enforcement regime to the EU requirements under MiFID II and the Market Abuse Regulation. The common approach signifies that it is intended that the European Commission will adopt an equivalence decision for swap execution facilities and designated contract markets regulated by the CFTC. Similarly, the CFTC will exempt MTFs and OTFs from the requirement to register as SEFs.
Read more. -
EU Technical Standards Assisting Regulators Gain Access to Derivatives Trade Data Published
10/07/2017
A Commission Delegated Regulation amending the Regulatory Technical Standards on data to be published and made available by trade repositories and operational standards for aggregating, comparing and accessing the data was published in the Official Journal of the European Union. The amending Delegated Regulation revises the original RTS by further specifying the operational standards that trade repositories must have in place to aggregate data so that data can be compared across trade repositories and regulators can have direct and immediate access to the data.
The amending Delegated Regulation enters into force on October 27, 2017, and will apply from November 1, 2017.
View the Amending Delegated Regulation.Topic : Derivatives -
Financial Stability Board Meeting to Discuss Ongoing 2017-2018 Workplan
10/06/2017
The Financial Stability Board has published a press release summarizing the outcome of its plenary meeting in Berlin on October 6, 2017, at which it considered potential vulnerabilities in the financial system and discussed a number of areas from its workplan.
Read more. -
Financial Stability Board Consults on Governance Arrangements for the Unique Product Identifier
10/03/2017
The Financial Stability Board has launched a consultation on governance arrangements for the unique product identifier. The development of a UPI was identified in September 2014 by the FSB as a critical element for a mechanism to produce and share global aggregated derivatives reporting data, along with the development of a unique transaction identifier and the harmonization of other key data elements. The receipt of aggregated derivatives reporting data will enable national regulators to better assess systemic risk and perform other market oversight functions. In the UPI system envisaged, a unique UPI Code would be assigned to each distinct OTC derivative product and map to a set of reference data elements having specific values that together describe the product. The collection of reference data elements and their values for each product would reside in a corresponding UPI Reference Data Library that would be administered by either one UPI Service Provider or one of a number of UPI Service Providers.
The consultation paper outlines the potential governance functions that the FSB anticipates should be performed (such as ongoing UPI generation and oversight of the UPI System) and key criteria the FSB has preliminarily identified to assess UPI governance arrangements. The consultation also sets out considerations for using one or many UPI Service Providers.
Comments on the consultation are invited by November 17, 2017.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
EU Final Draft Technical Standards on the Trading Obligation for Derivatives Published
09/28/2017
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published a final Report and final draft Regulatory Technical Standards on the trading obligation for derivatives under the Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation. The trading obligation is applicable to classes of derivatives that: (i) have been declared subject to the clearing obligation under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation, (ii) are admitted to trading or traded on at least one EU trading venue (a regulated market, multilateral trading facility, organized trading facility or a third country equivalent trading venue) and (iii) are sufficiently liquid. The trading obligation will apply to financial counterparties and to non-financial counterparties. Where ESMA determines that a class of derivatives should be subject to the MiFIR trading obligation, third country trading venues would only be permissible for trading by EU entities when determined to be equivalent by the European Commission.
The final draft RTS on the trading obligation provide for the trading obligation to apply to fixed-to-float interest rate swaps denominated in euros, US dollars and pound sterling and to index credit default swaps (iTraxx Europe Main and iTraxx Europe Crossover). The trading obligation for both IRS and CDS will apply from January 3, 2018, unless the clearing obligation for a particular class of derivatives has not yet entered into force.
Read more. -
International Swaps and Derivatives Association Publishes Recommendations for a CCP Recovery and Resolution Framework
09/18/2017
The International Swaps and Derivatives Association has published a paper outlining recommendations for a CCP Recovery and Resolution Framework.
The ISDA's paper focuses on CCPs that clear derivatives, although many of its recommendations will be relevant to clearing houses that clear other instruments. It is intended to build on the guidance from CPMI-IOSCO and the FSB. The paper sets out certain key points for CCPs, their supervisors, resolution authorities and other policy makers to consider when implementing CCP recovery and resolution mechanisms.
In brief, the ISDA's recommendations cover: (i) the level of transparency that should be afforded to clearing participants about the expected recovery and resolution strategies for a CCP, so that participants can manage and control their potential exposure; (ii) the timing of the resolution regime and the necessary flexibility that should be incorporated into the regime to allow for further recovery measures; (iii) the allocation of losses after a clearing member default, including by making cash calls and the application of variation margin gains haircutting (initial margin haircutting is not supported by the paper however); (iv) tools to rebalance a CCP's book, including the use of partial tear-ups as a last resort, but excluding forced allocation of positions to non-defaulting clearing members; (v) claims for clearing participants that suffer losses beyond a certain point in CCP recovery or resolution; (vi) the allocation of non-default losses; and (vii) ensuring adequate liquidity from central banks on standard market terms.
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European Securities and Markets Authority Issues Final Guidelines for the Transfer of Data Between Trade Repositories
08/24/2017
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published final Guidelines governing the transfer of data between trade repositories (TRs) registered or recognised by ESMA.
The Guidelines cover: (i) the reporting without duplication of derivative contract data by counterparties and CCPs; (ii) transfer of derivatives data between trade repositories at the request of the counterparties to a derivative, or the entity reporting on their behalf; (iii) transfer of data from a TR whose registration has been withdrawn; and (iv) the requirements on TRs to promptly record information received and maintain information for at least ten years following termination of the relevant contracts.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Staff Extends Time-Limited No-Action Relief on the Applicability of Transaction-Level Requirements in Certain Cross-Border Situations
07/25/2017
The U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission’s (CFTC) Divisions of Swap Dealer and Intermediary Oversight (DSIO), Clearing and Risk, and Market Oversight issued a time-limited no-action letter providing relief to certain CFTC-registered swap dealers (SDs) that operate outside of the United States (Non-U.S. SDs) from specific transaction-level requirements pursuant to the Commodity Exchange Act.
The letter sets forth certain limitations and the relief is subject to the effective date of CFTC action determining which transaction-level requirements are applicable to certain swaps between non-U.S. SDs and their U.S. counterparts. This relief comes as a result of compliance issues raised by a DSIO-issued advisory on November 14, 2013 regarding applicability of the CFTC’s transaction-level requirements in certain circumstances.
View CFTC Staff Letter 17-36.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Division of Market Oversight Announces Review of Swaps Reporting Regulations
07/10/2017
The U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission’s (CFTC) Division of Market Oversight (Division) announced the launch of an in-depth review of the swap data reporting regulations found in Parts 43, 45, and 49 of the CFTC’s regulations. In addition, the Division has opened a 40-day comment period to receive input on this effort from all entities involved in reporting swaps, which must be received by August 21, 2017.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Acting Chairman J. Christopher Giancarlo Appoints Daniel Gorfine as LabCFTC Director and Chief Innovation Officer
07/10/2017
U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission Acting Chairman J. Christopher Giancarlo appointed Daniel Gorfine to serve as Director of LabCFTC and Chief Innovation Officer, effective immediately. Gorfine will be responsible for coordinating with international regulatory bodies, other US regulators, and Congress to determine best practices in implementing digital and agile regulatory frameworks for the CFTC.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
Final Standards on Aggregation and Publication of Derivatives Data by Trade Repositories
07/10/2017
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published proposed amendments to its Regulatory Technical Standards under the European Markets Infrastructure Regulation, following a public consultation between December 2016 and February 2017. ESMA provided final draft RTS to the European Commission in 2012 specifying the frequency and the details of the information to be made available by Trade Repositories to the relevant authorities and the information to be published by TRs. The RTS also specified the operational standards required to aggregate and compare data across TRs and for the relevant authorities to have access to information as necessary.
Read more. -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Grants SEF and DCO Registration to LedgerX LLC
07/06/2017The U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission issued an Order of Registration to LedgerX LLC (LedgerX) granting their request to register as a Swap Execution Facility (SEF). As a result, LedgerX becomes the 25th SEF registered with the CFTC. The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 authorized the creation of SEFs, which are under the CFTC’s jurisdiction and function as platforms for the trading of swaps.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
European Commission Proposals for a "Location Policy" and Enhanced Supervision of Third Country CCPs
06/13/2017
The European Commission has published legislative proposals to amend the European Market Infrastructure Regulation and the Regulation establishing the European Securities and Markets Authority. The proposals are on the supervision of CCPs, both EU CCPs and third country CCPs, and include the controversial new proposals for a formal EU "location policy" for CCPs.
Read more. -
Update: European Market Infrastructure Regulation Exemptions for Central Banks in Six Countries
06/10/2017
A Commission Delegated Regulation exempting central banks in six countries - Australia, Canada, Hong Kong, Mexico, Singapore and Switzerland - from complying with the European Market Infrastructure Regulation was published in the Official Journal of the European Union. EMIR imposes clearing, reporting and risk mitigation obligations for derivatives. EU central banks and EU public bodies managing public debt are exempt from EMIR. The European Commission may exempt central banks and public bodies managing public debt from other countries following analysis of the international treatment of the relevant entities in a particular country. Central banks and public bodies responsible for the management of debt in the United States and Japan were the first to be added to the list of exempted bodies through a Commission Delegated Regulation. These new exemptions will come into effect on June 30, 2017.
View the Delegated Regulation.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Extends No-Action Relief to Swap Execution Facilities and Designated Contract Markets from Certain CFTC Regulations for Correction of Errors
05/30/2017
The U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission’s (CFTC) Division of Market Oversight (DMO) and Division of Clearing and Risk (DCR) issued a no-action letter extending the relief provided in CFTC Staff Letter No. 16-58, which was set to expire on June 15, 2017. CFTC Staff Letter No. 16-58 extended relief form several CFTC regulations to allow swap execution facilities (SEFs) and designated contract markets (DCMs) to fix clerical or operational errors that resulted in a swaps failing to clear, and thus becoming void, and smilar errors discovered after a swap has been cleared.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Strengthens Anti-Retaliation Protections for Whistleblowers and Enhances the Award Claims Review Process
05/22/2017The U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) unanimously approved a series of amendments to the CFTC’s Whistleblower Rules with the goal of strengthening anti-retaliation protections for whistleblowers and improving the review process for whistleblower claims.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Chairman Calls for Reform of Bank Capital Requirements in US and Abroad
05/10/2017
Acting Chairman of the US Commodity Futures Trading Commission, Christopher Giancarlo, gave a speech at the International Swaps and Derivatives Association 32nd Annual Meeting in Lisbon calling for regulators in both the U.S. and abroad to “recalibrate bank capital requirements to better balance systemic risk concerns with healthy economic growth." In the speech, Acting Chairman Giancarlo stated that global swap market reforms have failed to adequately address whether the amount of bank capital that has been taken out of trading markets because of bank capital requirements has been calibrated to the amount of capital needed in the global markets to "support overall market health and durability”. In addition, Acting Chairman Giancarlo spoke in support of moving the CFTC to a more flexible, outcomes-based approach for cross-border equivalence and substituted compliance.
View text of the speech.Topic : Derivatives -
European Commission Proposes Technical Changes to the European Market Infrastructure Regulation
05/04/2017
The European Commission has published a legislative proposal to amend the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. This proposal is the result of an extensive assessment of EMIR between 2015 and 2016. The proposal covers a wide-range of areas within EMIR, including reporting requirements, non-financial counterparties, exemptions and trade repositories.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
Delay to EU Clearing Obligation for "Category 3" and "Category 4" Counterparties
04/29/2017
An amending Commission Delegated Regulation extending the deadline for compliance with clearing obligations for certain counterparties dealing with OTC derivatives has been published in the Official Journal of the European Union.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
EU Clarification on CCP Portfolio Margining Requirements
04/10/2017
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published an Opinion addressed to EU national regulators on the portfolio margining requirements for CCPs under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. The Regulatory Technical Standards on portfolio margining that supplement the European Market Infrastructure Regulation provide that a CCP can offset or reduce the required margin across instruments, which it clears if the price risk of one instrument is significantly and reliably correlated to the price risk of other financial instruments. In those cases, a CCP may apply portfolio margining. European legislation provides certainty over the requirements only to a limited degree because there is no indication as to which instrument or product can be considered the same or which elements are needed for an instrument or product to be considered the same. ESMA's Opinion aims to provide clarification as to when two contracts can or cannot be considered the same instrument for the purpose of portfolio-margining, referencing all asset classes. In addition, ESMA confirms that CCPs have to limit the reduction in margin requirement when conducting portfolio-margining across different instruments.
View ESMA's Opinion. -
Further Extension of Exemption from EU Clearing Obligation for Pension Funds
03/31/2017
A Commission Delegated Regulation has been published in the Official Journal of the European Union that extends the transitional exemption period under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation for pension funds to comply with the EU clearing obligation for a further year. The original date was extended from August 16, 2015 to August 16, 2017 by the European Commission in 2015 over concerns that if pension funds were subjected to the clearing obligation, they would need to source cash for the margin requirements of CCPs. The Commission, and other EU regulators, have asked CCPs to develop a solution that would allow pension funds to clear derivatives without the obligation being too burdensome for pension funds but which would also allow CCPs to liquidate positions rapidly in the event of a default. The Commission is of the opinion that no sufficiently appropriate technical solutions have been found by CCPs yet. The Delegated Regulation extending the transitional exemption period to August 16, 2018 entered into force on April 1, 2017.
View the Delegated Regulation.Topic : Derivatives -
European Securities and Markets Authority Publishes Final Secondary Measures for Reporting of Securities Financing Transactions
03/31/2017
The European Securities and Markets Authority has published a report and final draft Implementing and Regulatory Technical Standards for the Securities Financing Transactions Regulation. The majority of the SFTR came into effect on January 12, 2016. One exception is a new reporting obligation for SFTs, which is in the process of being phased in according to counterparty type. Securities financing transactions involve the use of securities to borrow cash or other higher investment-grade securities, or vice versa. Such transactions can include repurchase transactions, securities lending and sell/buy backs. The SFTR requires, amongst other things, all securities financing transactions to be reported to EU recognized trade repositories, including details on the composition of collateral, whether collateral is available for reuse or has been reused, the substitution of collateral and any haircuts applied. The reporting obligation will apply to financial and non-financial counterparties, subject to exceptions for central banks and similar bodies.
Read more. -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Provides Relief Associated with Swap Trade Confirmations
03/24/2017
The CFTC’s Division of Market Oversight (DMO) issued a no-action letter extending relief associated with swap trade confirmation requirements that previously was provided in CFTC Staff Letter 16-25, which expires March 31, 2017.
The letter extends the relief until the effective date of any revised CFTC regulations regarding trade confirmation requirements. The relief is subject to terms and conditions in the letter.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Extends Comment Period on Proposed Capital Requirements for Swap Dealers and Major Swap Participants
03/13/2017
The CFTC announced that it was extending the comment period for the proposed rule on capital requirements applicable to swap dealers and major swap participants. In addition to proposing minimum capital and financial reporting requirements for swap dealers and major swap participants, the proposed rule would also establish specific capital requirements for futures commission merchants that engage in swaps or security-based swaps that are not cleared by a clearing organization. The original comment period was due to expire on March 16, 2017. The new comment period will expire on May 15, 2017.
View text of federal register notice extending the comment period.Topic : Derivatives -
Financial Stability Board Consults on Unique Transaction Identifier Governance Arrangements
03/13/2017
The Financial Stability Board began a consultation on draft governance arrangements for the Unique Transaction Identifier. The UTI is a critical element for the production and sharing of global aggregated derivatives reporting data. The purpose of the global UTI would be to uniquely identify each OTC derivative transaction required by authorities to be reported to trade repositories, thus minimizing the potential for the same transaction to be counted more than once. Numerous countries have implemented legislative and regulatory requirements for the reporting of OTC derivatives aimed at improving transparency, mitigating systemic risk and preventing market abuse. To date, 26 trade repositories have been established in 16 countries.
The Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures and the International Organization of Securities Commissions published Technical Guidance on the harmonization of the Unique Transaction Identifier on February 28, 2017. That Guidance has implications for the governance of the UTI because it envisages that the UTI will be generated by a wide range of entities in a decentralized way and that there is not likely to be a requirement for a central registry for those entities.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
EMIR Exemptions for Central Banks in Six Countries
03/03/2017
The European Commission published a report on the international treatment of Central Banks and public entities managing public debt with regard to OTC derivatives transactions. The European Market Infrastructure Regulation imposes clearing, reporting and risk mitigation obligations for derivatives. EU central banks and EU public bodies managing public debt are exempt from EMIR. The European Commission may exempt central banks and public bodies managing public debt from other countries following analysis of the international treatment of the relevant entities in a particular country. In the first of these reviews conducted in 2013, the Commission added central banks and public bodies responsible for the management of debt in the United States and Japan to the list of exempted bodies through a Commission Delegated Regulation.
The Commission has concluded in its second report that central banks and public bodies managing debt in Australia, Canada, Hong Kong, Mexico, Singapore and Switzerland should also be exempt from certain parts of EMIR. These new exemptions will come into effect once the new Commission Delegated Regulation is published in the Official Journal of the European Union. The Commission will continue to monitor the progress of other countries in implementing similar requirements for OTC derivatives.
View the Commission's report.Topic : Derivatives -
Final Global Guidance on Unique Transaction Identifier Published
02/28/2017
The Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures and the International Organization of Securities Commissions have published Technical Guidance on the harmonization of the Unique Transaction Identifier. The development of a UTI was identified in September 2014 by the Financial Stability Board as a critical element for a mechanism to produce and share global aggregated derivatives reporting data, along with the development of a unique product identifier and the harmonization of other key data elements. The purpose of the global UTI would be to uniquely identify each OTC derivative transaction required by authorities to be reported to trade repositories. Numerous countries have implemented legislative and regulatory requirements for the reporting of OTC derivatives aimed at improving transparency, mitigating systemic risk and preventing market abuse. To date, 26 trade repositories have been established in 16 jurisdictions. The aggregation of data from those trade repositories is key to giving authorities a comprehensive view of the OTC derivatives market and activity.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
EU Corrections to Regulatory Technical Standards on Margin Requirements for Uncleared Transactions Enter Into Force
02/27/2017
A Commission Delegated Regulation amending the Regulatory Technical Standards on margin requirements for uncleared derivatives was published in the Official Journal of the European Union. The amending RTS relate to the phase-in of the variation margin requirements for intra-group transactions and supplement the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. EMIR requires counterparties to uncleared OTC derivative transactions to implement risk mitigation techniques to reduce counterparty credit risk. The original RTS prescribe how margin should be posted and collected and the methodologies by which the minimum amount of initial margin and variation margin should be calculated, as well as specifying a list of securities eligible as collateral for the exchange of margins, such as sovereign securities, covered bonds, specific securitizations, corporate bonds, gold and equities.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
Regulators Issue Guidance on Approach to Non-compliance with the Impending Variation of Margin Exchange Requirement
02/23/2017
The European Supervisory Authorities, the Financial Conduct Authority, the US prudential regulators, including the Federal Reserve Board and the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, and the International Organization of Securities Commissions issued guidance as to the March 1, 2017 implementation of variation margin requirements on uncleared swaps. The guidance indicates how the respective supervisory authorities and regulators will approach compliance with the variation margin requirements.
The ESAs expect national regulators to apply their risk-based supervisory powers in day-to-day enforcement of the applicable legislation, including taking into account the size of the exposure to the counterparty and its default risk. The ESAs expect firms to document the steps taken toward full compliance and put in place alternative arrangements to ensure that the risk of non-compliance is contained. The ESAs are not delaying application of the rules but are signaling that compliance will be evaluated on a case-by-case basis and they expect any compliance issues to be overcome in the next few months. This is a not dissimilar to the approach taken to reporting under EMIR, when practicalities prevented many persons from being able to connect to a trade repository on time, and no prosecutions were made for late compliance.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
US Securities and Exchange Commission Extends Interim Final Rules Granting Exemptions for Security-Based Swaps
02/15/2017The US Securities and Exchange Commission adopted amendments to the expiration dates in its interim final rules that provided exemptions for certain securities-based swaps. The July 2011 interim final rules provided for exemptions under the Securities Act of 1933, the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 for security-based swaps that were security-based swap agreements prior to July 16, 2011 but are defined as “securities” under the Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 solely because of Title VII of the Dodd-Frank Act. Under the July 2011 interim final rules, the exemptions were set to expire on February 11, 2013. The SEC has previously extended the exemption, first to February 11, 2014, then to February 11, 2017, and now to February 11, 2018. In its release, the SEC noted that the extension was being granted to avoid disruption in the security-based swaps market while the SEC continues to consider the impact of Title VII and whether regulatory action is appropriate.
View the interim final rule.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Issues Time-Limited No-Action Transition for March 1, 2017 Compliance Date for Variation Margin and No-Action Relief from Minimum Transfer Amount Provisions
02/13/2017
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission’s Division of Swap Dealer and Intermediary Oversight (DSIO) issued a time-limited no-action letter (CFTC staff letter 17-11) which provides that, from March 1, 2017 to September 1, 2017, DSIO will not recommend an enforcement action against a swap dealer for failure to comply with the variation margin requirements for swaps that are subject to a March 1, 2017 compliance date. The no-action letter does not postpone the March 1, 2017 compliance date for variation margin, rather it allows market participants a grace period to come into compliance. DSIO believes that without a sufficient transition period, there could be a significant impact on the ability to hedge positions for pension funds, asset managers and insurance companies that manage Americans’ retirement savings and financial security. This sort of phased compliance has been used many times in the implementation of the swaps rules contained in the Dodd-Frank Act.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
Final Draft Technical Standards on the Exclusion of Transactions with Non-EU Non-Financial Counterparties from Credit Valuation Adjustment Risk
02/09/2017
The European Banking Authority published final draft Regulatory Technical Standards on the procedures for excluding transactions with non-financial counterparties established in a third country (which do not hold positions over the clearing threshold, or so called NFC-s) from the own funds requirement for credit valuation adjustment risk. The final draft RTS will supplement the requirements of the Capital Requirements Regulation. The EBA consulted on proposed draft RTS in August 2015. Firms' transactions with any NFC- will be excluded from the own funds requirements for CVA risk under the CRR, whether or not the NFC- is established in the EU. As NFC-s established in non-EU countries are not subject directly to EU regulation, the final draft RTS clarify that firms are responsible for: (i) taking the necessary steps to identify all NFC-s under this exemption and calculating accordingly their own funds requirements for CVA risk; (ii) ensuring that exempt counterparties established outside the EU would qualify as NFC-s if they were established in the EU; and (iii) ensuring that counterparties calculate the clearing threshold according to the relevant provisions in EMIR and do not exceed those thresholds. The EBA has also included an option for firms to verify the status of third country counterparties at the time of trade inception or on a periodic basis to take account of the situation that firms frequently enter into trades with NFC-s established in a third country. The final draft RTS align the treatment of NFC-s established in a non-EU country with the treatment of NFC-s established in the EU as recommended by the EBA in its February 2015 report. The final draft RTS has been submitted to the European Commission for endorsement.
View the RTS.
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US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Provides Time-Limited No-Action Relief for Aggregation Notice Filings for Position Limits
02/06/2017
The CFTC’s Division of Market Oversight issued a time-limited no-action letter stating that, from February 14, 2017 to August 14, 2017, it will not recommend an enforcement action for failure to file a notice when relying on certain aggregation exemptions from federal position limit levels. Absent this relief, on February 14, 2017, market participants would have been required to file notices to rely on certain aggregation exemptions under CFTC regulation 150.4(c).
DMO also announced the availability of a portal that provides the form and manner for filing aggregation exemption notices. This new portal is available on the Forms & Submissions page of www.cftc.gov.
Although the no-action letter provides temporary relief from the aggregation notice filing compliance date of February 14, 2017, DMO is providing the portal for participants who choose, of their own accord during the relief period, to file a notice with the CFTC of their intent to take advantage of certain aggregation exemptions under CFTC regulation 150.4(c).
View CFTC staff letter.Topic : Derivatives -
European Securities and Markets Authority Announces Details of 2017 EU-Wide CCP Stress Test
02/01/2017
The European Securities and Markets Authority announced details of the 2017 EU-wide CCP stress test exercise. The European Market Infrastructure Regulation requires ESMA to conduct the exercise at least once per year to assess the resilience and safety of the EU’s CCPs from a systemic risk viewpoint. The exercise covers 17 EU CCPs and includes all products currently cleared by the CCPs. ESMA may issue recommendations to address any issues that are highlighted by the exercise. The results of the exercise are expected to be published in Q4 2017.
View ESMA's announcement and framework methodology. -
Proposed EU Guidelines on Transfer of Data Between Trade Repositories
01/31/2017
The European Securities and Markets Authority launched a consultation on proposed Guidelines on the transfer of data between trade repositories. The European Market Infrastructure Regulation requires counterparties and CCPs to report trades to a trade repository while ensuring that details of their derivatives contracts are reported without duplication. EMIR also requires trade repositories to maintain reported information for a period of ten years following the termination of the derivative. -
European Securities and Markets Authority Requests a Review of its Sanctioning Powers Under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation
01/30/2017
The European Securities and Markets Authority published an open letter to the European Commission asking it to consider several issues relating to its supervisory and sanctioning powers under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation and emphasizing similar aspects relating to Credit Rating Agencies. The letter follows the Commission's Report, published on November 23, 2016, assessing the issues arising from the implementation of the requirements of EMIR in which the Commission proposed a legislative review of EMIR in 2017. ESMA submitted four reports to the Commission in 2015 on the functioning of EMIR which included recommendations on how EMIR could be enhanced. The letter highlights the areas in those reports that ESMA considers the Commission should consider as part of the EMIR review this year.
Read more. -
European Securities and Markets Authority Opines on Exemption for Spanish-Based Pension Schemes From the Clearing Obligation
01/25/2017
The European Securities and Markets Authority published an Opinion on Spanish-based pension schemes that are to be exempted from the clearing obligation under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. The Opinion was requested by Comisión Nacional del Mercado de Valores (the Spanish Regulator responsible for supervising and inspecting Spanish Stock Markets). Transitional exemptions from the clearing obligation under EMIR can be granted to pension scheme arrangements that meet certain criteria, essentially, when over-the-counter derivatives contracts are entered into and are used for hedging purposes. To obtain an exemption, requests must be made by the pension scheme to a national regulator and the national regulator must then seek an Opinion from ESMA before making a final exemption decision. ESMA must consult the European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority before adopting an Opinion.
ESMA has adopted the Opinion on the basis that the Spanish Regulator is of the view that Personal Pension Funds would encounter difficulties in meeting variation margin requirements for centrally-cleared transactions due to limited holdings of cash within the entity (e.g. lower investment returns or transaction costs) and the risk of inefficiencies as a result of converting assets into cash.
View ESMA’s Opinion.
Topic : Derivatives -
EU Legislation Amending Technical Standards on the Format and Frequency of Trade Reporting Published
01/21/2017
A Commission Implementing Regulation amending Implementing Technical Standards on the format and frequency of trade reports submitted to trade repositories was published in the Official Journal of the European Union. The original ITS, published in the Official Journal on December 21, 2012, supplements the reporting requirements in the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. The European Securities and Markets Authority provided final draft amending ITS to the European Commission in November 2015. ESMA considered that the original standards needed to be updated to incorporate the feedback and Q&As during implementation of the reporting requirement under EMIR since 2013. The text of the final amending ITS differs from the text of ESMA's final draft ITS, however, the changes are minor.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
EU Legislation Amending Technical Standards on Derivatives Trade Reporting Published
01/21/2017
A Commission Delegated Regulation amending Regulatory Technical Standards on the minimum details of data to be reported to trade repositories was published in the Official Journal of the European Union. The original RTS were published in the Official Journal on February 23, 2013 and supplement the reporting requirements imposed by the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. The European Securities and Markets Authority provided final draft amending RTS to the European Commission in November 2015. ESMA considered that the current standards need to be updated to incorporate the feedback and Q&As during implementation of the reporting requirement under EMIR since 2013. The text of the final amending RTS differs from the text of ESMA's final draft RTS; however, the changes are minor. The revisions to the original RTS include: (i) allowing the use of multiple reports for the reporting of complex derivatives provided that counterparties agree the number of reports to be submitted; (ii) adding a new definition for the notional amount of a derivative; (iii) clarifying the reporting requirements for cleared trades; and (iv) requiring that all collateral that has been posted and received is reported, including amending the fields for reporting of collateral to, amongst other things, split the value field into initial margin posted and variation margin posted. The amending RTS will enter into force on February 10, 2017. The revised reporting obligations will apply from November 1, 2017, which should allow counterparties enough time to prepare for the incoming changes.
View the amending RTS.Topic : Derivatives -
European Commission Publishes Correcting Amendment to Regulatory Technical Standards on Margin Requirements for Uncleared Transactions
01/20/2017
The European Commission published a draft Commission Delegated Regulation amending the Regulatory Technical Standards on margin requirements for uncleared derivatives. The amending RTS relate to the phase-in of the variation margin requirements for intra-group transactions and supplement the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. The original RTS on risk mitigation techniques for uncleared OTC derivatives was published in the Official Journal of the European Union on December 15, 2016. The correction is due to a technical error in the adoption process which resulted in the two paragraphs on the phase-in of the variation margin requirements to intra-group transactions being omitted.
EMIR requires counterparties to uncleared over-the-counter derivative transactions to implement risk mitigation techniques to reduce counterparty credit risk. The original RTS prescribe how margin is to be posted and collected and the methodologies by which the minimum amount of initial margin and variation margin should be calculated, as well as specifying a list of securities eligible as collateral for the exchange of margins, such as sovereign securities, covered bonds, specific securitizations, corporate bonds, gold and equities.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission’s Enforcement Division Issues Advisories on Cooperation
01/19/2017
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission’s Division of Enforcement issued two new Enforcement Advisories outlining the factors the Enforcement Division will consider in evaluating cooperation by individuals and companies in the agency’s investigations and enforcement actions.
The CFTC gives credit for cooperation in determining whether enforcement action is warranted, the nature of charges that should be brought and the appropriate level of sanctions to impose or seek. With the issuance of the recent advisories, the Enforcement Division aims to further incentivize individuals and companies to cooperate fully and truthfully in CFTC investigations and enforcement actions, including by providing high-quality cooperation, self-reporting to the Enforcement Division and providing early and material assistance to the Division.
The advisories complement the CFTC’s Office of the Whistleblower and Whistleblower Program, which provide monetary incentives to individuals who report possible violations of the Commodity Exchange Act that lead to a successful enforcement action, as well as privacy, confidentiality and anti-retaliation protections for whistleblowers who share information with or assist the CFTC.
View the advisories.
And view advisories.Topic : Derivatives -
US House of Representatives Passes Bill Re-Authorizing the US Commodity Futures Trading Commission
01/12/2017
The US House of Representatives passed H.R. 238, the Commodity End-User Relief Act, a bipartisan bill to reauthorize the US CFTC. Although the bill largely mirrors previous legislation to reauthorize the CFTC, it included several regulatory reforms, including a provision regarding the regulation of cross-border swaps, and a provision that would require the CFTC to vote in order to change the current de minimis swap dealer registration threshold of $8 billion.
View text of the bill.Topic : Derivatives -
EU Peer Review Report on Supervision of CCP Compliance with Margin and Collateral Requirements
12/22/2016
The European Securities and Markets Authority published the results of a peer review it has conducted into how national regulators ensure and assess compliance by CCPs with the margin and collateral requirements under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. Under EMIR, ESMA has a coordination role between national regulators to build a common supervisory culture and consistent supervisory practices. ESMA is required to conduct a peer review of the supervisory activities of the national regulators of CCPs at least annually. ESMA's report on the peer review provides an overview of the approaches of national regulators and sets out ESMA's assessment of the degree of convergence between those approaches. ESMA found inconsistencies in the frequency and depth of the supervision of CCPs (even for CCPs of a similar size or complexity). ESMA highlights various areas for improvement to enhance supervisory convergence, including identification of new services which require an extension of a CCP's authorization, determining significant changes to a CCP's risk model and the ongoing review of CCP collateral policies. The report sets out some examples of good practice that ESMA observed during the review, such as having direct access to the data of a supervised CCP. ESMA intends to follow up on the findings from the peer review by, amongst other things, identifying appropriate tools to enhance supervisory convergence.
View ESMA's peer review report.
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US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Issues No-Action Relief for Derivatives Clearing Organizations and Entities Submitting Swaps for Clearing with Certain Derivatives Clearing Organizations
12/19/2016
The US CFTC issued time-limited no-action relief to derivatives clearing organizations (DCOs) and reporting entities for certain swaps reporting obligations amended by the Amendments to Swap Data Recordkeeping and Reporting Requirements for Cleared Swaps that was released on June 27, 2016. The no-action relief letter relieves DCOs from their obligations to report original swap terminations as required by the rule for up to six months or until DCOs can sufficiently test required changes to their reporting systems.
The CFTC also announced no-action relief for entities submitting swaps for clearing with DCOs acting under exemptive orders or no-action relief that has been provided by the CFTC. Entities submitting such swaps are relieved from obligations to terminate the original “alpha” swap and to report any swaps between DCO counterparties acting under such exemptive orders or no-action relief. Entities are also relieved from their obligation to report certain primary economic terms data fields for swaps intended to be cleared by such DCO counterparties as cleared swaps. The relief is conditioned upon the entity providing certain information to fulfil its reporting obligations.
View no-action letters.
Also view no-action letters.Topic : Derivatives -
Final EU Equivalence Decisions on Regulatory Regimes Under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation Published
12/16/2016
Ten decisions on the equivalence of third country regulatory regimes under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation were published in the Official Journal of the European Union.
CCPs established in third countries whose supervisory and legal regimes have been deemed to be equivalent to the EU regime may provide clearing services to clearing members or trading venues established in the Union. Such a CCP must be recognized by the European Securities and Markets Authority in accordance with the processes outlined in EMIR. The regulatory and legal regimes of India, New Zealand, Japan, Brazil, Dubai International Financial Centre and the UAE have been granted equivalence in relation to CCPs.
Read more. -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Issues No-Action Relief for Swaps with Eligible Affiliate Counterparties Located in Australia or Mexico
12/15/2016
The US CFTC issued a no-action relief letter for swaps executed between certain US swap market participants and their affiliated counterparties located in Australia or Mexico. The letter permits US swap market participants to rely on a provision of the inter-affiliate exemption from required clearing that has previously been available to counterparties located in the European Union, Japan, and Singapore. According to the CFTC, the letter was issued in light of the December 13, 2016 compliance date for the CFTC’s recent expansion of its clearing requirement to include fixed-floating interest rate swaps denominated in Australian dollars and Mexican pesos, as well as basis swaps denominated in Australian dollars.
View no-action relief letter.Topic : Derivatives -
EU Proposals to Amend Technical Standards on Trade Repository Data Published
12/15/2016
The European Securities and Markets Authority published proposals for amending the Regulatory Technical Standards on the data to be published and made available by trade repositories and operational standards for aggregating, comparing and accessing the data. The European Market Infrastructure Regulation requires trade repositories to regularly publish aggregate positions by class of derivatives on the contracts reported to it and to provide access to the data that it collects and maintains to relevant authorities and regulators. ESMA was responsible for preparing the original RTS on the frequency and the details of the information to be made available as well as the operational standards required for aggregation and comparison of data across trade repositories.
Topic : Derivatives -
EU Final Secondary Legislation on Margin for Uncleared Derivatives
12/15/2016
A Commission Delegated Regulation outlining Regulatory Technical Standards supplementing the European Market Infrastructure Regulation on risk mitigation techniques for uncleared OTC derivatives was published in the Official Journal. EMIR requires counterparties to uncleared OTC derivative transactions to implement risk mitigation techniques to reduce counterparty credit risk. These RTS prescribe the regulatory margin amounts to be posted and collected and the methodologies by which the minimum amount of initial margin and variation margin should be calculated as well as outlining a broad list of securities eligible as collateral for the exchange of margins, such as sovereign securities, covered bonds, specific securitizations, corporate bonds, gold and equities.
The RTS provide for the largest counterparties to begin providing and collecting margin one month after the RTS enter into force. The requirements relating to variation margin will apply from one month after the RTS enter into force where both counterparties have, or belong to groups each of which has, an aggregate average notional amount of uncleared OTC derivatives above EUR 3,000 billion. For all other counterparties, the variation margin requirements will apply from the latest of 1 March 2017 or one month after the RTS enter into force.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Reproposes Position Limits Rule and Finalizes Aggregate Positions Rule
12/05/2016
The Commodity Futures Trading Commission voted unanimously to repropose regulations implementing limits on speculative futures and swaps positions as called for in the Dodd-Frank Act. In a separate vote, the CFTC approved final aggregation regulations, which are a key component of the CFTC’s existing position limits regime. The reproposal will be open for public comment for 60 days after publication in the Federal Register.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Proposes Rule Establishing Minimum Capital Requirements for Swap Dealers
12/02/2016
The CFTC issued a proposed rule establishing minimum capital requirements for Swap Dealers and Major Swap Participants. As required by section 731 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, the rules mandate minimum levels of qualifying capital for certain Swap Dealers and Major Swap Participants that are not subject to the capital rules of a prudential regulator. Under the proposed rule, the calculation of capital may be performed using the alternative approaches method, which are based on existing US bank regulators’ capital requirements or the CFTC’s future commission merchant and the SEC’s broker-dealer net liquid asset capital requirements. In addition, Swap Dealers that predominantly engage in non-financial activities and Major Swap Participants can elect minimum capital requirements based on the tangible net worth of the entities or can use internal models to compute their regulatory capital, subject to CFTC or National Futures Association approval. The proposal also requires some Swap Dealers and Major Swap Participants to satisfy certain liquidity requirements as well as reporting, record-keeping and notification requirements. In a statement issued concurrently with the proposal, CFTC Chairman Timothy Massad expressed support for the rule, stating that the revised rule recognizes the diversity of business models amongst swap dealers. Comments on the proposal are due 90 days following the publication of the proposed rule in the Federal Register.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Extends No-Action Relief
11/28/2016
The CFTC extended the relief granted under No-Action Letters 15-62 and 15-63 until December 31, 2017. The extended no-action relief in CFTC Letter No. 16-80 exempts inter-affiliate swaps from the trade execution requirement under section 2(h)(8) of the Commodity Exchange Act, subject to certain requirements. In addition, CFTC Letter No. 16-81 extends temporary relief from the trade execution requirement to certain affiliate counterparties.
View text of CFTC Letter No. 16-80.
View text of CFTC Letter No. 16-81.Topic : Derivatives -
European Commission to Further Assess Issues on Implementation of the European Market Infrastructure Regulation
11/23/2016
The European Commission published a Report assessing the issues arising from the implementation of the requirements of the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. EMIR imposes reporting and clearing obligations, risk mitigation techniques for derivatives that are not cleared and requirements on CCPs and trade repositories. The Report summarizes the issues that stakeholders and market participants have raised in response to the Commission's public consultation on EMIR, as well as input from EU authorities such as the European Securities and Markets Authority. The Report does not propose any legislative changes but sets out particular areas where future legislative amendments might be needed or which are to be studied further. The Commission is proposing a legislative review of EMIR in 2017.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Extends No-Action Relief from Swap Data Reporting Rules for Swap Dealers of Particular Jurisdictions
11/21/2016
The CFTC released a no-action letter extending further no-action relief from swap data reporting requirements for swap dealers and major swap participants established under the laws of Australia, Canada, the EU, Japan or Switzerland that are not part of an affiliated group in which the ultimate parent is a US swap dealer, major swap participant, bank, bank holding company or financial holding company for an additional year, from December 1, 2016 to December 21, 2017. In a December 20, 2013 no-action letter, the CFTC had exempted such registered swap dealers and major swap participants from these jurisdictions from the swap data reporting rules in Parts 45 and 46 of the CFTC’s regulations, an exemption which it later extended in 2014 and 2015. As the CFTC had not yet made comparability determinations as to whether the regulatory requirements of the foreign jurisdictions are comparable to and as comprehensive as its own, it believed that the extension of no-action relief is appropriate. The no-action relief will expire at the earlier of: (1) 30 days following the issuance of a comparability determination with respect to the reporting rules of the non-US swap dealer or non-US major swap participant’s jurisdiction; or (2) December 1, 2017.
View no-action letter.
Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Releases Stress Tests Results for Five Major Clearinghouses
11/16/2016
The CFTC released the results of supervisory stress tests of five major clearinghouses in the US and UK. The tests included eleven scenarios focusing on the most highly traded products at each clearinghouse. The tests focused on the largest clearing members at each clearinghouse, analyzing both their house and customer accounts. The CFTC noted three key findings: (1) clearinghouses have the pre-funded resources to remain resilient through a variety of extreme market price changes; (2) risk was diversified across the clearinghouses tested; and (3) clearing member risk was also diversified — no single scenario of the eleven accounted more than 19% of the worst outcomes.
View CFTC press release.Topic : Derivatives -
European Securities and Markets Authority Opines on Supervisory Approach for CCPs’ Service Extension
11/15/2016
The European Securities and Markets Authority published an Opinion outlining a common supervisory approach for regulators dealing with central counterparties that seek to extend or change their existing authorization under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation or to adopt a significant change to their risk model and parameters. The purpose of the Opinion is to build a common supervisory culture by creating uniform procedures and consistent approaches throughout the EU. EMIR requires a CCP wishing to extend its business to additional products and services not covered by its initial authorization to apply to its regulator for an extension, and to obtain validation before adopting any significant changes to its risk model and parameters. EMIR does not define or specify what “additional services and activities” are, nor the notion of “significant change.” The Opinion provides indicators to assist regulators to identify when a change is significant and to seek the college’s opinion, as required by EMIR, on the extension of services and activities.
Read more. -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Chair Timothy Massad Discusses Derivatives Regulation
11/14/2016
Timothy Massad, Chairman of the CFTC, spoke to the CME Global Financial Leadership Conference regarding derivatives regulation. In light of the election result, he highlighted three areas that his term as Chairman has focused on that he believes will continue to be important: technological changes in markets, the effects of the Dodd-Frank reforms and international concerns.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
Delay to EU Clearing Obligation for Certain Financial Institutions Recommended
11/14/2016
The European Securities and Markets Authority published a Report recommending that the clearing obligation for financial institutions with low trading volumes be delayed until June 21, 2019. The European Market Infrastructure Regulation imposes a clearing obligation on certain classes of derivatives. ESMA has so far assessed that the clearing obligation should apply to interest rate swaps denominated in seven currencies (EUR, GBP, JPY, USD, NOK, PLN and SEK) and to two classes of credit default swaps indices: iTraxx Europe Main and iTraxx Europe Crossover. The clearing obligation is being phased in, with those with the largest derivatives trading activity becoming subject to the obligation first. The obligation to clear OTC IRS denominated in the G4 currencies (EUR, GBP, JPY and USD) applied to entities that are clearing members of EU CCPs from June 21, 2016.
ESMA's Report includes draft Regulatory Technical Standards which would amend the timing of the clearing obligation for financial institutions with a low volume of derivatives trading activity (namely those in category three). ESMA is proposing that the clearing obligation for these financial institutions would apply from June 21, 2019 for the clearing of OTC IRS and CDS. The European Commission has three months to decide whether to endorse the amending RTS.
View the final report.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Approves Rule Amending Chief Compliance Officer Annual Report Timing for Certain Registrants
11/10/2016
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission announced its unanimous approval of a final rule amending CFTC regulation 3.3 to provide for a 90-day window after the end of an institution’s fiscal year for the filing of chief compliance officer annual reports. The amendment applies to futures commission merchants, swap dealers and major swap participants. The amendment also clarifies the filing requirements for swap dealers and major swap participants in jurisdictions for which the CFTC has granted a comparability determination on the reports’ contents. The rule will be effective upon publication in the Federal Register.
View final rule.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Signs Counterpart to Memorandum of Understanding with Canadian Authority in Newfoundland and Labrador
11/02/2016
The CFTC announced that Chairman Massad had signed the Counterpart to a Memorandum of Understanding with the Superintendent of Securities for Newfoundland and Labrador and the Canadian Minister for Intergovernmental Affairs. The MOU was originally executed on March 25, 2014, and the scope of the MOU contemplates cooperation on regulation of markets and organized trading platforms, central counterparties, trade repositories and intermediaries, dealers and other market participants.
View text of Counterpart to MOU.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Issues Orders of Registration to Five Foreign Boards of Trade to Permit Trading by Direct Access from the US
10/31/2016
The CFTC issued Orders of Registration (Orders) to the following Foreign Boards of Trade (FBOT): (i) Eurex Deutschland; (ii) CME Europe Limited; (iii) ICE Futures Europe; (iv) The London Metal Exchange; and (v) London Stock Exchange plc. Under the Orders, each of the FBOTs is permitted to provide identified members or other participants located in the US with direct access to its electronic order entry and trade matching system.
The CFTC issued the Orders under part 48 of the CFTC’s regulations, which provides that such Orders may be issued to an FBOT that possesses, among other things, the attributes of an established, organized exchange and is subject to continued oversight by a regulator that provides comprehensive supervision and regulation that is comparable to the supervision and regulation exercised by the CFTC.
Upon review of their applications, the CFTC determined that these FBOTs have demonstrated their ability to comply with the requirements of CFTC regulations, including CFTC regulation 48.8, which outlines the conditions of registration. This regulation also permits any additional conditions that the CFTC deems necessary and may impose after appropriate notice and opportunity to respond. Each FBOT shall also continue to fulfill each of the representations it made in support of its applications for registration.
View CFTC press release.
Topic : Derivatives -
International Bodies Publish Second Consultation on Harmonization of Key OTC Derivatives Data Elements
10/19/2016
The Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures and the International Organization of Securities Commissions published a joint consultative report on the harmonization of a second batch of key OTC derivatives data elements. The report is in response to the 2009 G20 agreement that all OTC derivatives contracts would be reported to trade repositories - part of the G20’s overall commitment to reforming the OTC derivatives markets to improve transparency, mitigate systemic risk and prevent market abuse. This consultation complements the consultation on Harmonization of key OTC derivatives data elements (other than UTI and UPI), published in September 2015 and other reports on the Harmonization of the Unique Product Identifier. The purpose of this consultation is to develop guidance for regulators on definitions for the second batch of critical data elements that are important for global consistency and the meaningful aggregation of trade repository OTC derivatives transactions data. The consultation seeks views on matters including: (i) proposed definitions of key data elements; (ii) whether the proposed definitions cover different market practices globally; (iii) whether any alternative approaches to those mentioned in the report would better achieve the stated objectives; and (iv) whether the consultative guidance is unambiguous. A consultation on the third batch of key data elements is expected in 2017. Responses to the proposals are due by November 30, 2016.
View the consultation paper.
View the consultative report on the first batch of OTC derivatives data elements.
Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Extends Time-Limited No-Action Relief for Swap Execution Facilities from Certain “Block Trade” Requirements
10/07/2016
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Division of Market Oversight (DMO) extended time-limited no-action relief to swap execution facilities from certain requirements in the definition of “block trade” in CFTC regulations. Specifically, CFTC regulation section 43.2 defines a “block trade” as, among other things, a publicly reportable swap transaction that “[o]ccurs away from the registered [SEF’s] or [DCM’s] trading system or platform and is executed pursuant to the registered [SEF’s] or [DCM’s] rules and procedures.”
Subject to certain conditions, the no-action letter extends time-limited relief to SEFs from the “occurs away” requirement under section 43.2 until November 15, 2017 before 11:59 p.m., Eastern Standard Time, or the effective date of any CFTC action with respect to the issues discussed in this no-action letter. Among other things, the extension will allow the DMO to continue to evaluate best practices and a more permanent solution to the issues involved in screening block trade orders for compliance with risk-based limits including, if appropriate, amendments to CFTC regulations.
Parties to a swap who do not use the SEF functionalities this letter provides must ensure the required pre-execution credit check occurs.
View CFTC staff letter.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Signs Memorandum of Understanding with UK Financial Conduct Authority to Improve Supervision of Cross-Border Regulated Firms
10/06/2016
The CFTC announced that CFTC Chairman Timothy Massad and Andrew Bailey, Chief Executive of the FCA, signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) regarding cooperation and the exchange of information in the supervision and oversight of certain regulated firms that operate on a cross-border basis in the United States and in the United Kingdom.
Through the MOU, the CFTC and FCA express their willingness to cooperate in the interest of fulfilling their regulatory mandates. The scope of the MOU includes the 20 firms registered with the CFTC as swap dealers.
View MOU.Topic : Derivatives -
European Commission Adopts Technical Standards on Margin for Uncleared Derivatives
10/04/2016
The European Commission adopted Regulatory Technical Standards on risk mitigation techniques for uncleared OTC derivatives. The European Market Infrastructure Regulation requires counterparties to uncleared OTC derivative transactions to implement risk mitigation techniques to reduce counterparty credit risk. These RTS prescribe the regulatory margin amounts to be posted and collected and the methodologies by which the minimum amount of initial margin and variation margin should be calculated as well as outlining a broad list of securities eligible as collateral for the exchange of margins, such as sovereign securities, covered bonds, specific securitizations, corporate bonds, gold and equities.
The Joint Committee of the European Supervisory Authorities submitted final draft RTS to the Commission on March 8, 2016. The Joint Committee is made up of the European Banking Authority, the European Securities and Markets Authority and the European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority. On July 28, 2016, the European Commission requested the ESAs to amend the final draft RTS and submit a modified version for approval. The ESAs rejected many of the proposed amendments in an Opinion published on September 8, 2016, including certain amendments relating to concentration limits on initial margin for pensions scheme arrangements, the proposed amendments to the calculation of the threshold against non-netting jurisdictions, amendments relating to the treatment of covered bonds and the treatment of bilateral derivative contracts where a counterparty is a CCP, transactions with third country counterparties and the process for regulators on the exemption of intragroup derivative contracts.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
Final EU Guidelines on Information regarding Commodity Derivatives and Spot Markets
09/30/2016
The European Securities and Markets Authority published a Final Report and final Guidelines on information expected or required to be disclosed on commodity derivatives markets or related spot markets under the Market Abuse Regulation. This follows the consultation that ESMA undertook in March 2016. MAR replaced the current Market Abuse Directive and its implementing legislation from July 3, 2016. One of the changes that MAR will introduce is the expansion of the definition of inside information relating to commodity derivatives to cover price sensitive information relevant to the related spot commodity contracts as well as the derivative. This means that transactions in commodity derivatives based on inside information relating to underlying spot transactions will be expressly prohibited. In addition, the market manipulation prohibitions will include transactions in derivatives markets that manipulate the related spot commodity transaction and transactions in spot commodity markets that manipulate the related derivative.
Read more. -
US Securities and Exchange Commission Proposes Enhanced Regulatory Framework for Covered Clearing Agencies
09/28/2016
The US Securities and Exchange Commission voted to establish enhanced standards for the operation and governance of securities clearing agencies that are deemed systemically important by the Financial Stability Oversight Council or that are involved in complex transactions, such as security-based swaps. Covered securities clearing agencies are required to adopt specific enhancements related to financial risk management, governance, recovery planning, operations and disclosure to market participants. The rules, if adopted, will come into effect 60 days after the final rule is published in the Federal Register, and covered security clearing agencies would be required to comply with the rule’s requirements within 120 days thereafter.
The SEC also voted to propose to apply the enhanced standards to other categories of securities clearing agencies, including all SEC-registered clearing agencies that are central counterparties, central securities depositories or securities settlement systems. Comments are due on the proposed amendments within 60 days of publication of the release in the Federal Register.
View proposed rule.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Expands Interest Rate Swap Clearing Requirement
09/28/2016
The CFTC expanded the existing clearing requirement to interest rate swaps through an amendment to regulation 50.4(a), requiring that market participants submit a covered swap for clearing by a derivatives clearing organization. The amendment expanded four interest rate swap classes to require clearing by a DCO: (i) fixed-to-floating interest rate swaps denominated by the Australian dollar, Canadian dollar, Hong Kong dollar, Mexican peso, Norwegian krone, Polish zloty, Singapore dollar, Swedish krona and Swiss franc; (ii) basis swaps denominated in Australian dollars; (iii) forward rate agreements denominated in Norwegian krone, Polish zloty and Swedish krona; and (iv) overnight index swaps (OIS) denominated in Australian and Canadian dollars, as well as US dollar-, euro- and sterling-denominated OIS with termination dates up to three years. Unlike the proposed rulemaking, AUD-denominated forward rate agreements were not included in the final rule. Compliance with the final rule will be phased in over a two-year period according to an implementation schedule based on when analogous clearing requirements will take effect in other jurisdictions.
View final rule.
View Q&A document.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Chairman Speaks to SIFMA Annual Meeting Regarding the Agency’s Ongoing Work and Rulemaking Efforts
09/27/2016
Timothy Massad, Chairman of the CFTC, spoke at the SIFMA annual meeting about clearinghouse regulation, technological changes and finishing Dodd-Frank rulemaking. Massad first highlighted ongoing CFTC work regarding stress testing across multiple clearinghouses to study systemic issues and interdependencies, recovery plans for systemically important clearinghouses and CFTC’s involvement in international coordination of clearinghouse recovery and resolution.
He next focused on two technological issues, cyberattack risk and automated trading. He highlighted CFTC rules about cyberdefense testing for market infrastructure firms. He also discussed efforts the CFTC took to address challenges posed by automated trading including working to finalize Regulation AT, which is designed to address the risk of disruption posed by automatic trading.
Chairman Massad discussed CFTC’s work finalizing rules required by Dodd-Frank Act, including margin rules on uncleared swaps effective on September 1, 2016. He noted that the CFTC is considering lowering the de minimis threshold (when an entity’s swap dealing activities require the entity to register with the CFTC) for swap dealing (from $8 billion to $3 billion). He also noted that the CFTC intends to repropose rules on capital requirements for swap dealers and major swap participants and that he expects the CFTC to issue a rule on certain aspects of cross-border application of swaps rules this fall.
View Chairman Massad's remarks.Topic : Derivatives -
US Federal Reserve Board Proposes Stricter Regulatory Requirements on Firms Engaging in Physical Commodity Activities
09/23/2016
The US Federal Reserve Board issued a notice of proposed rulemaking to tighten capital and other regulatory requirements on financial holding companies that participate in physical commodity trading activities, to remove copper from the list of metals that bank holding companies are permitted to own and store as an activity closely related to banking and to rescind previous orders authorizing certain FHCs to engage in energy management services and tolling activities. A FRB staff memo on the proposed rule published on the same day identified fourteen FHCs that presently have the authority to engage in various physical commodity activities. As justification for the proposed rule, the FRB stated that legal risks associated with physical commodities activities can, at times, exceed the committed capital and insurance policies of the FHC, and that risk, with other legal and reputational risks, can pose a threat to safety and soundness of an FHC engaged in physical commodity activities.
In addition, the Federal Reserve Board proposed to rescind specific authorization to the five FHCs authorized to participate in energy tolling and energy management services. The FRB is reconsidering whether those activities are complementary to financial activities as is physical commodity trading. The Federal Reserve indicated that these activities do not support and are not directly related to otherwise permissible commodities derivatives activities or other financial activities. Comments on the proposed rule must be submitted by December 22, 2016.
View proposed rule.
View staff memo.Topic : Derivatives -
US Chamber of Commerce’s Center for Capital Markets Competitiveness Writes Letter to Federal Reserve Board Regarding Proposed Repeal of Merchant Banking Authority
09/19/2016
The Center for Capital Markets Competitiveness of the US Chamber of Commerce wrote a letter to Scott Alvarez, General Counsel of the Federal Reserve Board, requesting that the Federal Reserve Board withdraw its report, issued pursuant to Section 620 of the Dodd-Frank Act, advocating for a repeal of merchant banking authority for financial holding companies.
The letter noted that there was no opportunity for stakeholders to comment on the proposed removal of merchant banking authority, and alleged that the Federal Reserve Board, by presenting the contents of the letter as a policy recommendation to Congress, “short-circuited” the notice-and-comment procedure. The Center also alleged that the Federal Reserve Board failed to identify the benefits of repealing merchant banking authority in the report, unjustly presenting a one-sided case for its recommendations to Congress.
The Center also took issue with the substance of the proposal, arguing that repealing merchant banking authority would deny companies access to capital at a time when credit is already difficult to access, particularly in light of what the Center characterized as “hypothetical” risks in comparison to the “real” benefits of merchant banking. The letter concludes by recommending that the Federal Reserve Board withdraw its report and hold a series of public meetings to develop a “more robust” recommendation on merchant banking policy.
View letter.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Chairman Keynote Remarks at 4th Annual North American Derivatives Summit
09/15/2016
As part of his keynote remarks at the 4th Annual OTC Derivatives Summit North America, US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Chairman Timothy Massad addressed the CFTC’s achievements in the past year and more specifically, the implementation of global rules setting margin for uncleared swaps and the de minimis threshold for swap dealers.
With respect to the rules on margin for uncleared swaps, Massad stressed the importance of harmonizing the substance of the rules with other regulators, including US domestic prudential regulators and international jurisdictions, as well as addressing the cross-border implications of transactions. Massad pointed to the broad scope of substituted compliance with the rules of other jurisdictions as well as agreed timetables for implementation with international regulators. Massad maintained that despite his disappointment following the European Commission’s announcement of a delay in the implementation of their rules, it was appropriate to maintain the September 1, 2016 initial compliance date for transactions between the largest swap dealers.
Regarding the swap dealer de minimis threshold, Massad stated he will recommend a one-year delay in the scheduled reduction of the de minimis threshold for swap dealer registration in order for the CFTC to have more time to consider the issue. The current de minimis threshold of $8 billion is scheduled to decrease to $3 billion in December 2017. Massad also said that he has asked the other CFTC members to consider a reproposed rule setting capital requirements for swap dealers, noting that “[i]t makes sense to finalize this before turning to the threshold" and adding that he hopes it will be done “shortly.”
Chairman Massad Full Remarks.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Final Rules for System Safeguards for Japan Uncleared Swap Margin Rules
09/08/2016
The U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission approved a final rule instituting system safeguards testing requirements for designated contract markets, swap execution facilities, swap data repositories and derivatives clearing organizations. In addition, the CFTC also issued a comparability determination for certain of Japan’s margin requirements for uncleared swaps. The CFTC’s determination would permit substituted compliance with Japan’s uncleared swap margin rules in place of the uncleared swap margin provisions of Title VII of the Dodd-Frank Act.
View full text of CFTC final rule on system safeguards testing requirements.
View full text CFTC comparability determination.Topic : Derivatives -
European Supervisory Authorities Opine on Final Draft Technical Standards on Uncleared Derivatives
09/08/2016
The Joint Committee of the European Supervisory Authorities published an Opinion on the European Commission's proposed amendments to the final draft Regulatory Technical Standards on risk mitigation techniques for uncleared OTC derivatives under the European Markets Infrastructure Regulation. The Joint Committee is made up of the European Banking Authority, the European Securities and Markets Authority and the European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority. The Opinion includes a revised version of the final draft RTS.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Public Comment on Proposed Whistleblower Rule Amendments
09/01/2016
The US CFTC requested public comment on proposed amendments to the Whistleblower Rules found in Part 165 of the CFTC’s regulations. The amendments would improve the process for reviewing whistleblower claims and clarify staff authority to administer the whistleblower program. The proposal would also strengthen the CFTC’s authority to protect whistleblowers from retaliation through CFTC enforcement action under the Commodity Exchange Act.
The amendments would also make changes to eligibility requirements, the award claims process (and review of that process), whistleblower identifying information and the treatment of employer confidentiality provisions. Comments to the proposed amendments were due on September 29, 2016.
View proposed Whistleblower Rule Amendments.Topic : Derivatives -
US CFTC Extends Comment Period on Amendments for Commodity Pool Operator Annual Reports
08/30/2016
The US CFTC extended the comment period to September 20, 2016, on its proposed amendments to Regulation 4.22 with respect to the annual report that each commodity pool operator registered or required to be registered with the CFTC must distribute for each commodity pool that it operates.
View proposed amendments.Topic : Derivatives -
Financial Stability Board Reports on Implementation of Over-the-Counter Derivatives Reforms
08/26/2016
The Financial Stability Board published its eleventh progress report on the implementation of reforms by standard-setting bodies, national and regional authorities and market participants to the over-the-counter derivatives market as agreed by the G20. Such reforms include the trade reporting of OTC derivatives, central clearing of standardized OTC derivatives and higher capital and minimum margin requirements for non-centrally cleared derivatives. The FSB concluded that the progress of implementing reforms is continuing, but that regulators have noted challenges to implementation.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
Second Consultation on Harmonization of the Unique Product Identifier Launched
08/18/2016
The Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures and the Board of the International Organization of Securities Commissions published a second report on proposed guidance for a harmonized Unique Product Identifier. The purpose of the UPI is to uniquely identify OTC derivatives products that regulators require, or may require in the future, to be reported to trade repositories. The UPI system will assign a code to each OTC derivative product which maps to a set of data elements describing the product in a corresponding reference database. Currently, OTC derivative trades can be reported to one of the six trade repositories currently authorized in the EU. However, in order to properly mitigate systemic risk and protect against market abuse, it is necessary for data across trade repositories to be aggregated and for reporting fields to be harmonized so that national regulators have a comprehensive view of the OTC derivatives markets and trading activity. The first consultation focused on the reference database (or classification system). The focus of this second consultation is on the possible form, content and granularity of reference data assigned to each OTC derivative product.
Comments on the proposals are due by September 30, 2016, with publication of final guidance expected around the end of 2016.
View the second consultative report.
View the first consultative report.
Topic : Derivatives -
Financial Stability Board Reports on Risks Posed by Central Counterparties and the CCP Workplan
08/16/2016
The Financial Stability Board published a progress report on its CCP workplan. The progress report provides an update on implementation of a workplan agreed on by the FSB, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, the Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructure and the International Organization of Securities Commissions (the Group) in April 2015. The workplan focuses on the resilience, recovery planning and resolvability of CCPs and coordinating the roles of each organization in achieving a new international framework for CCPs.
Read more. -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Finalizes Report on De Minimis Exception to Definition of Swap Dealer
08/15/2016
The CFTC issued a final report on the de minimis exception from the definition of a “swap dealer” under CFTC Regulation 1.3(ggg). The exception currently applies to a person whose swap dealing activities are less than an aggregate gross notional amount of $8 billion over the prior 12-month period. Unless the CFTC takes action, the $8 billion threshold will be reduced on December 31, 2017 to $3 billion. While CFTC staff did not ultimately issue a recommendation, they noted the advantages and disadvantages of implementing, delaying or changing the $3 billion threshold, creating different threshold for various asset classes or creating a multi-factor test for determining the de minimis exception.
CFTC Commissioner J. Christopher Giancarlo issued a statement upon release of the report expressing disappointment that the staff did not recommend eliminating or delaying the transition to a $3 billion threshold. He noted that market participants now have to prepare for the implementation of the lower threshold and at the same time urged the Commission to keep the registration threshold at $8 billion.
View CFTC Report.
View Commissioner Giancarlo's statement.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Amendments to Timing Chief Compliance Officer Annual Report
08/09/2016
The CFTC issued proposed amendments to CFTC Regulation 3.3 concerning chief compliance officers of futures commission merchants, swap dealers and major swap participants. The proposed amendments would codify existing no-action relief (CFTC Staff Letter 15-15) regarding when such registrants must furnish their CCO annual report to the CFTC, clarify filing requirements for registrants located in a jurisdiction for which the CFTC has issued a comparability determination and delegate to the Director of the Division of Swap Dealer and Intermediary Oversight authority to grant extensions to the CCO annual report filing deadline. Comments on the proposed amendments were due by September 12, 2016.
View Proposed Amendments.
View CFTC Staff Letter.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Allows Expanded SIDCO Use of Fed Accounts
08/08/2016
The CFTC approved an exemption for Federal Reserve Banks that maintain customer accounts for certain derivatives clearing organizations from liability under the Commodity Exchange Act. The exemption allows the Federal Reserve Banks to hold customer funds of DCOs designated by the FSOC as systemically important without being subject to liability under the CEA and also exempts the Federal Reserve Banks from private rights of action that could otherwise be brought under the CEA.
View CFTC Press Release which includes Links to Exemption.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Restricts Use of Certain Money Market Funds for Margin
08/08/2016
The CFTC’s Division of Clearing and Risk issued an interpretative letter where CFTC staff stated that it would be inconsistent with CFTC regulations for a DCO to accept or hold initial margin in the form of, or to invest funds belonging to the DCO, its clearing members or clearing members’ customers in, certain prime and government money market funds that have authority to suspend redemptions. However, government MMFs that do not adopt such redemption restrictions would remain acceptable for margin collateral and investments.
The CFTC’s Division of Swap Dealer and Intermediary Oversight issued a related no-action letter. Although an FCM will generally not be permitted to invest segregated customer funds (including an FCM’s own funds held in a segregated account) in such prime and government MMFs, the letter allows such investments if they are limited to the amount of funds the FCM holds in excess of the firm’s targeted residual interest. The letter also addresses the treatment of permitted MMF investments by an FCM under Rule 1.25.
View CFTC Press Release including links to interpretative and no-action letters.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Publishes Final Response to Court Remand on Costs and Benefits of Cross-Boarder Guidance
08/04/2016
The CFTC issued a Final Response to the United States District Court for the District of Columbia Remand Order in Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association, et al. v. United States Commodity Futures Trading Commission, which was a challenge by industry groups to the CFTC’s guidance as to the application of certain requirements to cross-border swaps transactions. In a decision issued on September 16, 2014, the District Court denied the plaintiffs’ demand that the CFTC be enjoined from enforcing extraterritorially Title VII of the Dodd-Frank Act and related regulations, and upheld the CFTC’s 2013 cross-border guidance. The District Court did direct the CFTC to further explain and consider the costs and benefits of certain rules.
Read more.
Topic : Derivatives -
US Federal Agencies Finalize Rule Exempting Certain Commercial and Financial End Users from Margin Requirements
08/01/2016
Te US Federal Reserve Board, FDIC, OCC, Federal Housing Finance Agency and Farm Credit Administration announced a final rule exempting from the agencies’ margin requirements certain non-cleared swaps with commercial end users, small banks, savings associations, Farm Credit System institutions and credit unions with $10 billion or less in total assets. Certain non-cleared swaps with certain treasury affiliates, certain financial cooperatives and captive finance companies also are exempted. In all cases, the non-cleared swaps must hedge or mitigate commercial risk of these counterparties and satisfy the applicable requirements for an exemption from mandatory clearing.
The exemptions were first adopted by interim final rule published in the Federal Register in November 2015. The final rule adopts the earlier interim final rule as final without change. The agencies established initial and variation margin requirements for non-cleared swaps, as required by the Dodd-Frank Act, in a separate rulemaking published in November 2015.
View Final Rule.Topic : Derivatives -
European Commission Proposes Amended Rules for Margin for Uncleared Swaps
07/28/2016
The European Commission published regulatory technical standards on margin for uncleared swaps and a letter to the European Supervisory Authorities notifying them of the Commission's intention to endorse (with amendments) the draft RTS submitted by the ESAs in March 2016.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission and Canadian Authorities Sign Counterparts to Memorandum of Understanding on Cross-Border Supervision
07/28/2016
The CFTC announced the signing of counterparts with certain Canadian authorities to a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU), originally executed on March 25, 2014, regarding cooperation and the exchange of information in the supervision and oversight of regulated entities that operate on a cross-border basis in the United States and in Canada. The scope of the MOU includes markets and organized trading platforms, central counterparties, trade repositories and intermediaries, dealers and other market participants.
View CFTC press release and counterparts to MOU.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Proposes to Amend the Conditions for Exemption from Registration for Certain Foreign Persons
07/27/2016
the CFTC announced that it is seeking comment on proposed amendments to CFTC Regulation 3.10(c) to modify an exemption from registration for certain foreign persons in connection with commodity interest transactions solely on behalf of persons located outside the US, or on behalf of certain international financial institutions. The amendments would codify certain existing no-action relief. Comments were due by September 6, 2016.
View CFTC proposal.Topic : Derivatives -
US Office of Financial Research Studies Whether New Bilateral Trading Rules Incentivize Central Clearing of Derivatives
07/26/2016
The OFR published a working paper that examines whether new rules imposed on bilateral trading incentivize central clearing of derivatives. By comparing the total capital and collateral costs when banks transact bilaterally to the capital and collateral costs when they clear through CCPs, the study finds that central clearing is sometimes more expensive. While “the cost comparison does not necessarily favor central clearing, . . . when it does, the incentive may be driven by questionable differences in CCPs’ default waterfall resources.” In the absence of a cost advantage for central clearing, market participants may be motivated to customize contracts in order to trade them bilaterally. The authors find that without a cost advantage, banks may also be less inclined to move legacy trades to CCPs.
View OFR working paper.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Future Trading Commission Staff Issues Advisory Clarifying Chief Compliance Officer Reporting Line Requirements
07/25/2016
The CFTC’s Division of Swap Dealer and Intermediary Oversight issued a staff advisory regarding chief compliance officer reporting line requirements for swap dealers, major swap participants and futures commission merchants under CFTC Regulation 3.3. The advisory clarifies the regulation’s required elements and addresses additional supervisory relationships that a chief compliance officer may have with senior management in addition to those with the board or the senior officer of the registrant.
View CFTC staff advisory.Topic : Derivatives -
US Markets Granted Equivalence Status under European Market Infrastructure Regulation
07/22/2016
The European Securities and Markets Authority published a list of US designated contract markets considered equivalent to a regulated market in the European Union. The list is based on a Commission Implementing Decision published in the Official Journal of the European Union on July 2, 2016, which considered that 15 DCMs located in the United States are equivalent. The DCMs have been deemed equivalent for purposes of the definition of over-the-counter derivatives in the European Markets and Infrastructure Regulation. This means that derivative contracts traded on these DCMs would not be deemed to be OTC derivatives and therefore not be subject an obligation to clear the transactions, report on them and undertake risk mitigation steps as if they were OTC, under EMIR. To be deemed equivalent, a third country market must comply with legally binding requirements in its home state equivalent to the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive and must also be subject to effective supervision and enforcement in that third country on an on-going basis.
View the Commission Implementing Decision.
View ESMA’s library on post trading. -
Clearing obligation for EEA currency interest rate swaps under EMIR published in the Official Journal of the European Union
07/20/2016
A Commission Delegated Regulation supplementing the European Market Infrastructure Regulation with regard to Regulatory Technical Standards on the clearing obligation was published in the Official Journal of the European Union. The RTS relates to classes of over the counter (OTC) derivatives that are to be subject to the clearing obligation, and specifies that the following classes will be subject to the clearing obligation under the European Markets Infrastructure Regulation: (a) fixed-to-float interest rate swap classes denominated in NOK, PLN and SEK; and (b) forward rate agreement classes denominated in NOK, PLN and SEK will be subject to the clearing obligation under EMIR. These classes will not include contracts concluded with covered bond issuers or with cover pools for covered bonds, provided that they meet certain conditions set out in the RTS.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Extends Designation of DTCC-SWIFT as Provider of Legal Entity Identifiers for Another Year
07/18/2016
The CFTC issued an Order extending the designation of DTCC-SWIFT as the provider of legal entity identifiers for entities under its jurisdiction, including swaps and swap counterparties, by another year. The CFTC initially designated DTCC-SWIFT as LEI provider by an Order on July 23, 2012. The CFTC has previously extended such designation. Consistent with the prior CFTC orders, registered entities and swap counterparties subject to the CFTC’s jurisdiction can continue to comply with the CFTC’s swap data recordkeeping and reporting rules by using LEIs issued by DTCC-SWIFT.
View CFTC Order.Topic : Derivatives -
European Proposals to Delay Clearing Obligation for Financial Counterparties with Limited Derivatives Trading Activity
07/13/2016
The European Securities and Markets Authority launched a consultation on proposals to delay the application of the clearing obligation for financial counterparties and alternative investment funds with a limited volume of derivatives activity.
The European Market Infrastructure Regulation imposes a clearing obligation on certain classes of derivatives. ESMA has so far assessed that the clearing obligation should apply to interest rate swaps denominated in seven currencies (EUR, GBP, JPY, USD NOK, PLN and SEK) and to two classes of credit default swaps indices: iTraxx Europe Main and iTraxx Europe Crossover. The obligation to clear OTC IRS denominated in the G4 currencies (EUR, GBP, JPY and USD) applied to entities that are clearing members of EU CCPs from June 21, 2016.
Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Staff Issues Advisory Regarding Compliance Requirements of Suspicious Activity Reporting and Economic Sanctions Programs
07/06/2016
The CFTC Division of Swap Dealer and Intermediary Oversight issued a staff advisory to remind futures commission merchants and introducing brokers of their compliance obligations to report suspicious activities to the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network. In addition, the staff advisory reminds all CFTC registrants of their compliance obligations regarding economic sanctions programs against countries and groups of individuals administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control. The staff advisory provides a brief outline of the requirements of suspicious activity reporting and the requirements of OFAC.
View CFTC staff advisory.Topic : Derivatives -
European Securities and Markets Authority Opines on Further Exemptions from the Clearing Obligation for Pension Schemes
06/30/2016
The European Securities and Markets Authority published an Opinion, dated June 23, 2016, on a Denmark-based pension scheme that is to be exempted from the clearing obligation under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. The Opinion was requested by Finanstilsynet (the Danish financial supervisory authority) and relates to life insurer personal schemes. ESMA published a positive opinion for three other types of Danish pension schemes in April this year: life insurer occupational schemes, labor market related life insurer and multi employer pension fund. Transitional exemptions from the clearing obligation under EMIR can be granted to pension scheme arrangements that meet certain criteria, essentially, when OTC derivatives contracts are entered into and are used for hedging purposes. To obtain an exemption, requests must be made by the pension scheme to a national regulator. Under EMIR, the national regulator must then seek an Opinion from ESMA before making a final exemption decision. This follows the extension of the transitional exemption period from the clearing obligation for pension funds to August 16, 2017 which is the revised date by which pension funds must comply with the EU clearing obligation under EMIR.
View ESMA's Opinion.
Topic : Derivatives -
US Senator Elizabeth Warren Introduces Derivatives Legislation
06/29/2016
US Senator Elizabeth Warren (D-Mass), along with US Senator Mark Warner (D-Va), introduced a new derivatives regulation bill. The Derivatives Oversight and Taxpayer Protection Act proposes to strengthen federal oversight of the derivatives market and ensure that big financial firms, instead of taxpayers, will be held responsible for derivative losses.
If enacted, Senator Warren’s bill would greatly expand the regulatory capacities and powers of the CFTC. It proposes to provide the CFTC with a stable funding stream and allows the agency to impose penalties large enough to impact the bottom lines of even the largest financial firms. The bill also proposes to place certain cross-border and foreign exchange swaps under CFTC jurisdiction, changes how derivatives are treated in bankruptcy, requires posting of initial margin for inter-affiliate swaps, limits the use of netting in calculating risk-based capital and leverage limits relating to derivatives transactions and requires regulators to review derivatives clearinghouses.
View text of the bill.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Issues Final Rule to Amend Swap Data Recordkeeping and Reporting Requirements for Cleared Swaps
06/27/2016
The CFTC approved a final rule that amends existing swap reporting regulations to provide additional clarity to swap counterparties and registered entities regarding their reporting obligations for cleared swap transactions and to improve the efficiency of data collection and maintenance associated with the reporting of the swaps involved in cleared swap transactions.
The final rule removes uncertainty as to which counterparty to a swap is responsible for reporting creation and continuation data for each of the various components of a cleared swap transaction. For example, it clarifies whose obligation it is to report the extinguishment of a swap upon its acceptance by a derivatives clearing organization for clearing. The CFTC anticipates that the rule will have a number of other benefits, including a reduced likelihood of double counting notional exposures and an improved ability to trace the history of a cleared swap transaction from execution between the original counterparties to clearing novation. The rule was published in the Federal Register on June 27, 2016, and will become effective 180 days from the date of publication.
View Final Rule.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Requests Public Comment on Swap Clearing Requirement Submissions
06/23/2016
The CFTC requested public comment on 34 submissions CFTC received in past several years from seven registered derivatives clearing organizations pursuant to section 2(h)(2)(B) of Commodity Exchange Act and CFTC regulation 39.5(b). Submissions cover certain interest rate swaps, credit default swaps, foreign exchange non-deliverable forwards, energy swaps, agricultural and inflation swaps. Public comments will inform CFTC as it considers whether to propose swap clearing requirement pursuant to section 2(h)(2)(D) of CEA.
In posting these submissions, CFTC is not proposing swap clearing requirement, as CFTC did most recently on June 9, 2016, regarding certain interest rate swaps. Submissions do not include swaps subject to this recent proposal or swaps currently required to be cleared under the CFTC’s existing clearing requirements. If CFTC decides to propose a clearing requirement determination for any of the swaps covered by the submissions posted on June 23, then, at that time, the CFTC will invite further public comment in response to a notice of proposed rulemaking, similar to the one published in the Federal Register on June 16, 2016 (81 Fed. Reg. 39506).
Comments may pertain specifically to a single submission or generally to several or all submissions. The CFTC is particularly interested in comments that provide data and analysis and discusses the swaps in terms of the five factors that CFTC is required to consider in determining whether to issue a clearing requirement determination under section 2(h)(2)(D) of the CEA. The comment period ended on July 25, 2016.
View CFTC press release.Topic : Derivatives -
US Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Approves Terrorism Risk Insurance Program Reauthorization Act Final Rule
06/21/2016
The US FDIC approved a final rule developed jointly by the FDIC, the OCC, the Federal Reserve Board, the Farm Credit Administration and the Federal Housing Finance Agency that, pursuant to Title III of the Terrorism Risk Insurance Program Reauthorization Act (TRIPRA), exempts certain non-cleared swaps and non-cleared security-based swaps with certain financial and non-financial end users from initial and variation margin requirements required pursuant to Sections 731 and 765 of the Dodd-Frank Act. Specifically, the final rule exempts from the margin requirements certain swaps with counterparties that are commercial end users, certain captive finance affiliates, treasury affiliates, cooperatives and small financial institutions. The final rule is effective October 1, 2016.
View FDIC final rule.Topic : Derivatives -
Commissioner of the US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Outlines Proposals to Improve Governance in Regulated Entities
06/21/2016
As part of her remarks at the Managed Funds Association Forum, CFTC Commissioner Sharon Bowen outlined various proposals to improve governance in CFTC-regulated entities.
Commissioner Bowen emphasized maintaining independent, high-caliber boards of directors. She suggested that the boards of CFTC-regulated entities “craft qualitative and quantitative standards for directors” to ensure individuals meet expected fitness standards, “create a strong company ethos” to improve the culture of compliance and limit the tenure of independent audit and compensation committee members to protect director independence.
Commissioner Bowen also proposed swap execution facility reform, calling for the centralized oversight of SEF surveillance and enforcement functions. She proposed that “all SEFs should be under one self-regulatory organization . . . whether that is the NFA or some other SRO,” so as to increase the efficiency of enforcement mechanisms, standardize rules and increase transparency.
Finally, with regards to swap intermediaries, Commissioner Bowen stated that “the CFTC should also require registration and testing of all swap intermediaries.” Registration would allow the CFTC to obtain more information about those entities intermediating trades in the market, and assess whether their actions are appropriate. Moreover, having robust testing standards for swap intermediaries would serve as a quality control check.
View Commissioner Bowen’s remarks.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Reopens Comment Period for Certain Elements of Regulation Automated Trading
06/14/2016
The CFTC reopened the comment period for certain elements of its notice of the proposed rulemaking regarding Regulation Automated Trading (Regulation AT), initially proposed in December 2015. The extension comes after a public roundtable meeting on June 10. Comments will be accepted from June 10, 2016 to June 24, 2016 on the topics that were discussed at the roundtable, including items on the discussion points paper released by the CFTC, the agenda for the roundtable discussion, as well as topics that arose during the roundtable.
View the press release.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Approves Final Rule to Amend Swap Data Recordkeeping and Reporting Requirements for Cleared Swaps
06/14/2016
The CFTC approved a final rule to amend existing swaps reporting regulations in order to provide additional clarity to swap counterparties and registered entities regarding their reporting obligations for cleared swap transactions. The final rule modifies Part 45 of the CFTC’s regulations, by removing uncertainty as to which counterparty to a swap is responsible for reporting data for each of the components of a cleared swap transaction, including to further clarify whose obligation it is to report the extinguishment of a swap once a derivatives clearing organization has accepted the transaction for clearing. The rule also improves the efficiency of data collection and maintenance associated with the reporting of the swaps involved in a cleared swap transaction. Specifically, the CFTC indicated that it expects that it will reduce the likelihood of double counting notional exposures and will improve the ability to trace the history of a cleared swap transaction from execution between the original counterparties to clearing novation. The rule will become effective 180 days after it is published in the Federal Register. The rule also codifies previous CFTC no-action letters by eliminating the requirement for swap dealer/major swap participant reporting counterparties to report daily valuation data for cleared swaps effective immediately upon publication in the Federal Register.
View the final rule.
View Chairman Massad's statement.Topic : Derivatives -
First US Clearing House Recognized in Europe under EMIR
06/14/2016
The European Securities and Markets Authority published an updated list of recognized central counterparties based in third countries. Under the European Markets Infrastructure Regulation, third-country CCPs must be recognized by ESMA to operate and offer services in the European Union. The list has been updated to include the Chicago Mercantile Exchange Inc., established in the United States of America. Inclusion of the CME brings the list of recognized CCPs to nineteen members from countries including Australia, Hong Kong, Japan and Singapore. Such jurisdictions have been deemed by the European Commission to have legal and supervisory provisions for CCPs equivalent to the regime for EU CCPs under EMIR.
View the list and ESMA's update.
Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Extends No-Action Relief to SEFs and DCMs from Certain CFTC Regulations for Correction of Errors
06/10/2016
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission issued a no-action letter extending the relief provided in CFTC Letter No. 15-24, which expires on June 15, 2016. That no-action letter provides relief to swap execution facilities (SEFs) and designated contract markets (DCMs) to correct clerical or operational errors that caused a swap to be rejected for clearing and thus become void, as well as errors discovered after a swap has been cleared.
Specifically, if, within one hour after a trade has been rejected for clearing, the SEF or DCM corrects an error by permitting a new, pre-arranged trade with terms and conditions that match the terms and conditions of the original trade, other than any such error and time of execution, the trade will be permitted. Moreover, if an error is discovered after a trade has been cleared, the SEF or DCM is permitted to enter into a pre-arranged trade between the original parties that offsets the swaps carried on the derivative clearing organization’s books. The SEF or DCM may also permit the original or intended counterparties to enter into a pre-arranged transaction that reflects the correct terms to which the parties agreed.
The no-action letter extends relief to the earlier of June 15, 2017 or the effective date of revised CFTC regulations that establish a permanent solution to addressing clerical or operational errors.
View the press release.Topic : Derivatives -
US Securities and Exchange Commission Adopts Final Rule Regarding Trade Acknowledgments
06/08/2016
The US Securities and Exchange Commission adopted a final rule requiring security-based swap dealers and major security-based swap participants to provide trade acknowledgments for security-based swap transactions. The trade acknowledgment must contain all the terms of the transaction and be provided to the transaction counterparty no later than the end of the first business day after the transaction is executed, as well as promptly verify or dispute the terms of any trade acknowledgment it receives as a counterparty. Covered entities are also required to establish, maintain and enforce written policies and procedures that are reasonably designed to obtain prompt verification of the terms of all trade acknowledgments that they provide. The final rule provides exemptions for certain transactions that are processed through a registered clearing agency or executed on a security-based swap execution facility or national securities exchange. There is also an exemption from the requirements of Exchange Act Rule 10b-10 for broker dealers that satisfy the trade acknowledgment and verification requirements of the final rule. The final rule is effective 60 days after it is published in the Federal Register.
View the final rule.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Announces Memorandum of Understanding with the European Securities and Markets Authority Regarding Recognized Central Counterparties
06/06/2016
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission announced the signing of a Memorandum of Understanding with the European Securities and Markets Authority regarding cooperation with respect to recognized central counterparties. Pursuant to the MOU, derivatives clearing organizations established in the United States may apply to ESMA for recognition as central counterparties, known as “Recognized CCPs.”
View the text of the MOU. -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Issues Supplement Modifying Position Limits Proposal
05/26/2016
The CFTC issued for public comment a supplement to the CFTC’s December 2013 position limits proposal. The supplement would permit exchanges to recognize, subject to CFTC review, certain positions in commodity derivative contracts as non-enumerated bona fide hedges or enumerated anticipatory bona fide hedges, as well as to exempt from federal position limits certain spread positions.
In a statement issued concurrently with the proposed rule, CFTC Chairman Timothy Massad noted that the proposed supplemental rule was a critical piece of the CFTC’s effort to finalize rules on position limits in 2016.
CFTC Commissioner Christopher Giancarlo also voiced support for the proposal in a separate statement, stating his belief that the proposal reflects practical realities by recognizing that most exchanges do not have access to sufficient swap position information to effectively monitor swap position limits.
If adopted, the proposed supplement would relieve designated contract markets and swap execution facilities from setting and monitoring exchange limits on swaps until DCMs and SEFs have access to data that would enable them to do so.
View the full text of the proposed supplemental rule.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Issues Final Cross-Border Margin Rule
05/24/2016
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission issued a rule implementing a cross-border approach to the CFTC’s margin requirements for uncleared swaps. The CFTC’s margin rule applies to CFTC-registered swap dealers and major swap participants for which there is no prudential regulator (collectively, Covered Swap Entities or CSEs) but these rules are closely aligned with the cross-border margin requirements already adopted by the prudential regulators.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Approves Final Rule on Amendments to the Swap Portfolio Reconciliation Requirement
05/02/2016
The Commodity Futures Trading Commission approved a final rule to amend a requirement found in CFTC Regulation 23.500(i) that swap dealers and major swap participants exchange the terms of swaps with their counterparties for portfolio reconciliation so that SDs and MSPs need only exchange the “material terms” of swaps. The final rule also amends the definition of “material terms” in CFTC Regulation 23.500(g). The final rule benefits SDs, MSPs, and their counterparties by allowing them to focus on reconciling data fields that impact swap valuation and counterparty obligations, without impairing the CFTC’s ability to oversee and regulate the swaps markets.
View the CFTC press release.
View the final rule.Topic : Derivatives -
EU Legislation Amends Margin Period of Risk for Client Accounts
04/21/2016
A Commission Delegated Regulation, which amends Regulatory Technical Standards on the time horizons for liquidation of different classes of financial instruments, was adopted by the European Commission. Under the European Markets Infrastructure Regulation, central counterparties are required to call and collect adequate initial margins to cover the risk stemming from a cleared contract. The proposed delegated regulation amends the margin period of risk for clients for EU CCPs from a two-day period for clients’ accounts (as under the original RTS) to a one-day gross basis. EU CCPs will therefore be able to offer both a two-day net margin model and a one–day gross margin model. The delegated regulation will come into force twenty days following publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.
View the delegation regulation.
You might like to view our client note.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Signs Memorandum of Understanding with Canadian Provinces on Cross-Border Supervision
04/20/2016
CFTC Chairman Timothy Massad and authorities for three Canadian provinces signed a March 2014 Memorandum of Understanding regarding (i) cooperation and coordination between the jurisdictions in respect of derivatives and securities markets and (ii) the exchange of information with respect to the supervision and oversight of regulated entities that operate on a cross-border basis in the United States and in Canada. Chairman Massad executed counterparts to the MOU along with the chairs of regulatory authorities of the provinces of New Brunswick, Saskatchewan and Nova Scotia. The MOU covers markets and organized trading platforms, central counterparties, trade repositories, and intermediaries, dealers and other market participants. Specifically, the MOU is intended to protect investors and customers, foster the integrity of financial markets and reduce systemic risk. The MOU previously only covered coordination between the CFTC and Alberta, British Columbia, Ontario and Quebec.
View the CFTC press release.
View the Memorandum of Understanding.Topic : Derivatives -
EU Legislation Imposing Clearing Obligation for Credit Default Swaps Published
04/19/2016
A Commission Delegated Regulation on central clearing for credit default swaps supplementing the European Markets Infrastructure Regulation was published in the Official Journal of the European Union. Under the Regulation, two classes of credit default over-the-counter derivatives are subject to the clearing obligation under EMIR: iTraxx Europe Main and iTraxx Europe Crossover.
Read more. -
US Securities and Exchange Commission Adopts Final Rules Implementing Business Conduct Standards for Security-Based Swap Deals and Major Security-Based Swap Participants
04/15/2016
The US Securities and Exchange Commission, in its ongoing effort to regulate the over-the-counter security-based swap markets, adopted final rules under Title VII of the Dodd-Frank Act implementing comprehensive business conduct standards and chief compliance officer requirements for security-based swap dealers and major security-based swap participants (collectively, security-based swap entities). As a general matter, the SEC’s final rules impose upon security-based swap entities (i) an obligation to facilitate informed customer decision-making, (ii) requirements to enhance transparency with customers and (iii) supervision and chief compliance officer requirements, among other enhanced professional standards of conduct. The rules also address their cross-border application and the availability of substituted compliance.
The final rules become effective 60 days after publication in the Federal Register. The compliance date for the customer protection rules will be based on the compliance date of the registration rules for security-based swap dealers and major security-based swap participants.
View the SEC final rules.Topic : Derivatives -
European Securities and Markets Authority Opines on Exemptions from the Clearing Obligation for Pension Schemes
04/13/2016
The European Securities and Markets Authority published Opinions, dated April 7, 2016, on certain Denmark-based pension schemes that are to be exempted from the clearing obligation under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. The Opinions were requested by Finanstilsynet and relate to three different kinds of pension schemes, Life insurer occupational schemes, Labour market related life insurer and Multi employer pension fund. Transitional exemptions from the clearing obligation can be granted to pension scheme arrangements that meet certain criteria, essentially, when OTC derivatives contracts are entered into and are used for hedging purposes. To obtain an exemption, requests must be made by the pension scheme to a national regulator. Under EMIR, the national regulator must seek an Opinion from ESMA before making a final exemption decision. ESMA, in turn, must consult with the European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority before issuing its Opinion. This follows the extension of the transitional exemption period for pension funds from the clearing obligation to August 16, 2017 which is the revised date by which pension funds must comply with the EU clearing obligation under EMIR.
View ESMA's Opinions.Topic : Derivatives -
International Swaps and Derivatives Association Publishes Updated Asset Classification Letter
04/13/2016
The International Swaps and Derivatives Association published an updated ISDA European Markets Infrastructure Regulation Classification Letter. The purpose of the Classification Letter is to assist market participants in their management of regulatory obligations under the EMIR. The obligations imposed by EMIR differ depending on the counterparties to each transaction. The Classification Letter sets out a number of questions that derivative counterparties can reply to and send to their counterparty in order to allow their counterparty to determine their status under EMIR taxonomy. The letter not only provides a means by which entities can make known their own classification, but also gain access to other entities’ classifications according to the EMIR taxonomy. The letter has been updated to take into account the forthcoming clearing obligation for interest rate swaps which will be phased in from September 1, 2016, and the credit default swaps clearing obligation which comes into force on April 19, 2016, and is subject to approval by the European Parliament and Council of the European Union.
View the Classification Letter.
View the Explanatory Memorandum.Topic : Derivatives -
One-Day Margin Period of Risk for EU Central Counterparty Client Accounts Proposed by European Securities and Market Authority
04/05/2016
The European Securities and Market Authority published its final report and amending regulatory technical standards on the margin period for Central Counterparty client accounts. The amending RTS change the time horizons for the liquidation period for gross omnibus accounts and individual segregated accounts for exchange traded derivatives and securities. ESMA considers that a CCP, in a liquidation period, should be able to either transfer or liquidate the position of the defaulting clearing member and furthermore, have sufficient margin to cover exposures arising from such transfer or liquidation.
Read More. -
European Securities and Markets Authority Proposals to Improve Access by Regulators to Trade Repository Data
04/05/2016
The European Securities and Market Authority published its final report containing final draft amending regulatory technical standards regarding requirements for regulator access to Trade Repositories data and the subsequent aggregation and comparison of that data. The European Market Infrastructure Regulation requires ESMA to develop draft technical standards specifying the frequency and the details of the information to be made available to regulators by TRs. TRs are to provide regulators with access as required. ESMA has amended the RTS, first published in 2013, to provide regulators with better access to data and to improve their ability to compare and aggregate data. For the exchange of data between TRs and regulators, ESMA has proposed an XML template based on ISO 20022 methodology. ISO 20022 is a universal message scheme for the financial services industry. This methodology can be used to facilitate aggregation and comparison of data across repositories. The amended RTS also defines the minimum operational standards to allow direct and immediate access to TR data and the aggregation and comparison of data across TRs. The amended RTS sets out definitive timelines for the provision of data to regulators. ESMA expects this will enable regulators to better plan and schedule their internal processes for gathering and analysis of TR data. The RTS provides minimum standards for secure machine to machine connection and data exchange between TRs and regulators. In particular, ESMA has proposed enhanced procedures for data security, including the use of electronic signatures and data encryption protocols when providing regulators access to TR data. ESMA's proposed amendments to operation standards on data access also require TRs to validate in a timely manner requests from regulators. ESMA has submitted the additional final draft RTS to the European Commission for endorsement.
View the final report. -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission and US Securities and Exchange Commission Jointly Propose Guidance on Certain Natural Gas and Electric Power Contracts
04/04/2016
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission and the Securities and Exchange Commission jointly proposed guidance relating to the treatment of certain electric power and natural gas contracts. Specifically, the guidance proposes that certain capacity contracts in electric power markets and certain natural gas contracts known as peaking supply contracts should not be considered "swaps" under the Commodity Exchange Act, because such contracts are examples of customary commercial arrangements as described in the final rule defining what constitutes a "swap". The proposed guidance will be open for comment for 30 days after it is published in the Federal Register.
View the proposed Guidance.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Approves Final Rule to Amend the Trade Option Exemption
03/16/2016
The Commodity Futures Trading Commission approved a final rule that removes certain reporting and recordkeeping requirements for trade option counterparties that are neither swap dealers nor major swap participants (Non-SD/MSPs), such as commercial end-users that transact in trade options in connection with their businesses. The final rule became effective on March 21, 2016.The final rule eliminates the Form TO annual notice reporting requirement for otherwise unreported trade options in CFTC regulation 32.3(b). Furthermore, Non-SD/MSPs will not be subject to part 45 reporting requirements in connection with their trade options. The CFTC did not impose a proposed reporting requirement that a commercial participant would need to provide notice to the CFTC of its trade options activities if such activities had a value of more than $1 billion in any calendar year.
The final rule also eliminates the swap-related recordkeeping requirements for Non-SD/MSPs in connection with their trade option activities. However, Non-SD/MSPs transacting in trade options with SDs or MSPs must obtain a legal entity identifier and provide it to their SD/MSP counterparties.
CFTC No-Action Letter 13-08, which has provided conditional relief for Non-SD/MSPs from certain swap-related reporting and recordkeeping requirements, has been withdrawn. Also, given the elimination of the Form TO reporting requirement, CFTC staff is of the view that a trade option counterparty that is a Non-SD/MSP is not required to report its otherwise unreported trade options for calendar year 2015 on Form TO.
The final rule will become effective upon publication in the Federal Register.
View the final rule.
Topic : Derivatives -
EU and US Authorities Adopt Determinations on Supervision of EU and US CCPs
03/16/2016
An equivalence Decision on the derivatives regulatory regimes for derivatives clearing organisations in the United States was published in the Official Journal of the European Union. The Decision follows the announcement by the European Commission and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission of a common approach on the supervision of CCPs operating in the US and EU. The Decision declares that the legal and supervisory arrangements of the CFTC for DCOs that have been declared systemically important derivatives clearing organisations by the Financial Stability Oversight Council or DCOs that have opted into additional standards similar to the SIDCO regime (so-called “Subpart C DCOs”) are equivalent to the EU requirements under EMIR, provided that the DCO’s internal rules and procedures meet the following requirements: (i) for derivatives contracts executed on regulated markets, a minimum liquidation period of two days for initial margin is applied to clearing members’ proprietary positions; (ii) for all derivative contracts, measures are in place to limit procyclicality which are equivalent to the options under EMIR; and (iii) the DCO has sufficient pre-funded available resources enabling it to withstand the default of at least two clearing members to which it has the largest exposures under extreme conditions.
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US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Staff Provides Relief in Connection with Swap Trade Confirmations
03/14/2016
The Commodity Futures Trading Commission’s Division of Market Oversight issued a no-action letter extending the time period for relief from the requirement in CFTC Regulation 37.6 that a SEF obtain documents incorporated by reference in a trade confirmation issued by the SEF prior to issuing the confirmation. SEFs are also relieved from the requirement in CFTC Regulations 37.1000, 37.1001 and 45.2(a) to maintain such documents as records. Finally, the no-action letter states that SEFs are relieved from the requirement in CFTC Regulation 45.3(a) to report confirmation data contained in the documents incorporated by reference in a confirmation.The letter extends the relief previously provided in CFTC Staff Letter 15-25, which expires on March 31, 2016. The letter extends relief to the earlier of: (i) 11:59 pm (Eastern Time) March 31, 2017 or (ii) the effective date of revised CFTC regulations that establish a permanent solution to the confirmation matters raised by the current regulations. The relief is subject to terms and conditions in the letter.
A SEF must continue to report all swap data that the SEF is reporting as of the time of the issuance of the letter, as required by part 45 of the CFTC’s regulations, even if such data is contained in the documents that the SEF incorporates by reference in a confirmation.
View the CFTC press release.
View the CFTC Staff Letter 16-25.
View the CFTC Staff Letter 15-25.Topic : Derivatives -
Final Regulatory Technical Standards on Margin for Uncleared Derivatives
03/08/2016
The European Supervisory Authorities published final draft regulatory technical standards on risk-mitigation techniques, including details on specific operational procedures, for OTC-derivative contracts not cleared by a Central Counterparty. Under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation, counterparties to uncleared OTC derivative transactions are required to implement risk mitigation techniques to reduce counterparty credit risk. These draft RTS prescribe the regulatory margin amounts to be posted and collected and the methodologies by which the minimum amount of initial margin and variation margin should be calculated.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
European Commission Adopts Legislation for Mandatory Clearing Obligation for Credit Derivatives
03/01/2016
The European Commission announced that it had adopted a Delegated Regulation on the clearing obligation for credit derivatives. Under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation, the European Securities and Market Authority is required to develop draft Regulatory Technical Standards setting out the categories of OTC derivatives that should be subject to the clearing obligation, the date/s from which the obligation should apply and the minimum remaining maturity of OTC derivatives. ESMA provided its final draft RTS for the mandatory clearing of CDS to the European Commission in February 2015. The Delegated Regulation, which does not substantively change the ESMA RTS, provides for untranched iTraxx Index CDS (Main, EUR,5Y) and untranched iTraxx Index CDS (Crossover, EUR,5Y) derivatives to be subject to the clearing obligation. The obligation will be phased in according to counterparty type to allow market participants time to determine whether the obligation applies to them and set up procedures to ensure compliance, in a similar way as was done for interest rate swaps. Counterparty classifications are established for these purposes, which are also the same as those set for the clearing obligation for interest rate swaps. The exact dates for when the clearing obligation will come into effect will be determined by the date of publication of the Delegated Regulation in the Official Journal of the European Union.
View the Delegated Regulation.
View the annex to the Delegated Regulation.
You may like to view our client note on interest rate swap clearing obligation.Topic : Derivatives -
European Securities and Markets Authority Final Report on Possible Systematic Risk and Cost Implications of CCP Interoperability Arrangements
03/01/2016
The European Securities and Markets Authority published a final report setting out possible systematic risk and cost implications of interoperability arrangements between central counterparties. The report focuses on the complexities of interoperable arrangements and the adequacy of risk management systems and models of CCPs. Interoperability arrangements, as defined in the European Markets Infrastructure Regulation, are arrangements between two or more CCPs which involve a cross-system execution of transactions. The Report details the general EU regulatory framework applicable to interoperability arrangements, as set out in the European Market Infrastructure Regulation, and related Guidelines and recommendations. The report provides a summary of interoperability arrangements for different products between EU CCP's, in relation to products such as EU equities, EU government bonds and EU Exchange Traded Derivatives. The report identifies the main new risk as that arising between the two CCPs which are interoperating, but notes that some EU CCPs have set up mechanisms to mitigate the risks of under-collateralisation, including when reuse of collateral is permitted. The Report is to be submitted to the European Commission and European Parliament. It will contribute to the report that the European Commission is responsible for submitting on the potential risks of interoperability.
View the press release and report.Topic : Derivatives -
International Swaps and Derivatives Association Publishes Principles for US/EU Trading Platform Recognition
02/24/2016
The International Swaps and Derivatives Association published a paper which analyzes the regulatory frameworks in the US and EU for the supervision and oversight of trading platforms and aims to provide principles for the recognition of EU trading platforms by the US Commodity Futures Trading Commission. Both the US and the EU have introduced rules which require certain derivatives to be traded on trading platforms. The US rules, which came into force in October 2013, provide that US persons may only trade the relevant derivatives on platforms that have registered as a Swap Execution Facility and that are subject to the oversight of the CFTC. The EU Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation, which is currently due to come into force on January 3, 2017 unless proposed legislation is passed to delay it for a year, requires certain derivatives to be traded on EU trading venues. ISDA considers that the CFTC should be able to make comparability decisions, deeming EU trading platforms comparable with those in the US, by focusing on the outcomes and core objectives of the EU regime, thereby recognizing EU trading platforms as SEFs. This would allow US persons to trade on an EU trading venue in compliance with the US trade execution rules.
View ISDA's paper. -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Provides Time-Limited No-Action Relief for End Users from the Form TO Filing Requirement
02/18/2016
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission’s Division of Market Oversight issued a no-action letter providing time-limited relief for end users from the Form TO filing requirement under CFTC Regulation 32.3(b)(2), which the CFTC has proposed to amend. The regulation currently requires counterparties to trade options that are not required to be reported to a swap data repository to submit a Form TO filing by March 1 following the end of any calendar year during which they entered into one or more unreported trade options. While the CFTC is considering the proposed amendment to the Trade Options Rule, DMO will not recommend that the CFTC take enforcement action against a market participant that is neither a swap dealer nor a major swap participant for failing to report its otherwise unreported trade options entered into during 2015 on Form TO by April 1, 2016.
View the CFTC press release.
View CFTC Staff Letter 16-10.
View the CFTC regulation.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Extends Comment Period on Draft Technical Specifications for Certain Swap Data Elements
02/18/2016
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission’s Division of Market Oversight and Office of Data and Technology staff extended the comment period on the draft technical specifications for certain prioritized swap data elements and associated questions to March 7, 2016. The draft technical specifications include certain swap data elements that are reportable under Part 45 and related provisions of the CFTC’s regulations, as well as certain swap data elements that are not currently reportable under the CFTC’s regulations, but which have been identified as data elements that may assist the CFTC in fulfilling its regulatory mandates. Specifically, the request for comment seeks public input on 80 questions addressing 120 data elements for various swap data reporting topics including counterparty-related elements, price, clearing, product, periodic reporting, orders, package transactions, options, additional fixed payments, notional amount, events, rates and foreign exchange.
View the CFTC press release.
View the draft technical specifications.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Issues No-Action Relief to Certain Intermediaries Located Outside of the United States
02/12/2016
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission’s Division of Swap Dealer and Intermediary Oversight provided no-action relief clarifying that the exemption from registration in Rule 3.10(c)(3) for persons located outside the United States who act as Introducing Brokers, Commodity Trading Advisors or Commodity Pool Operators on behalf of persons located outside of the United States is available in connection with swaps that are not submitted for clearing if such swaps are not subject to a CFTC clearing requirement.
View the CFTC no-action letter.
Topic : Derivatives -
US Securities and Exchange Commission Adopts Final Rules Regarding Cross-Border Security-Based Swap Dealing Activity
02/10/2016
The US Securities and Exchange Commission adopted rules applicable to non-US firms engaging in cross-border security-based swap activities. Under the final rules, a non-US company that arranges, negotiates or executes a security-based swap transaction in connection with its dealing activity using personnel located in a US branch or office must count that transaction when determining eligibility for the de minimis exception to the security-based swap dealer registration requirement. A non-US firm must include such transactions in its de minimis threshold calculation together with security-based swap transactions connected with its dealing activity where its counterparty is a US person. Compliance with the rules is not required until the latest of either 12 months following publication in the Federal Register or the “SBS Entity Counting Date,” as specified in the SEC’s SBS Entity Registration adopting release.
View the SEC press release.
View the final rules.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission and the European Commission for Financial Stability, Financial Services and Capital Markets Union Announces Common Approach Regarding Requirements for Central Clearing Counterparties
02/10/2016
The European Commissioner for Financial Stability, Financial Services and Capital Markets Union and the US Commodity Futures Trading Commission jointly announced the adoption of a common approach regarding requirements for transatlantic central clearing counterparties. The common approach is intended to resolve an impasse that had prevented recognition of US CCPs under EMIR. Under the common approach, the European Commission is expected to determine that CFTC regulation of central counterparties is equivalent to EU requirements, subject to certain conditions. The CFTC is also expected to propose a determination of comparability with respect to certain EU requirements in order to permit EU CCPs that are or seek to be registered as derivatives clearing organizations to comply with such EU requirements in lieu of US requirements. The CFTC staff also committed to streamlining the registration process for EU CCPs wishing to register with the CFTC. In statements, CFTC Chairman Timothy Massad and Commissioner Jonathan Hill applauded the adoption of the common approach as an important step toward stable and uniform regulation of the global derivatives market.
View the Shearman & Sterling publication on the common approach.
View the statement of CFTC Chairman Timothy Massad regarding the common approach.
View the statement of Commissioner J. Christopher Giancarlo regarding the common approach.
Topic : Derivatives -
European Commission and US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Reach Agreement on Regulation of Clearing Houses and Central Counterparties
02/10/2016
The European Commission and US Commodity Futures Trading Commission announced they had reached agreement on a common approach to requirements for central clearing counterparties. The Commission is expected to adopt an equivalence decision affirming that the CFTC requirements for US CCPs are equivalent to those under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. US CCPs recognised under EMIR will be able to continue to provide services in the EU whilst complying with CFTC requirements, although this will likely be subject to US CCP compliance with certain aspects of EU rules on collateral calculations.
Read more.Topic : Derivatives -
European Securities and Markets Authority Publishes 2015 Annual Report and Workplan for 2016
02/05/2016
The European Securities and Markets Authority published a report providing an overview of its 2015 supervisory work relating to Credit Rating Agencies and Trade Repositories and setting out its workplan for 2016. ESMA's focus for 2016 includes: (i) improving the quality of credit ratings; (ii) improving trade repository quality data and data access; (iii) improving CRA governance and strategy; (iv) devoting resources to its enforcement work where it is aware of facts that may be infringing regulatory requirements; and (v) enhancing international cooperation with third country supervisors.
View the report. -
European Securities and Markets Authority Opinions on Exemptions for Pension Schemes to Centrally Clear OTC Derivatives Contracts
02/02/2016
The European Securities and Markets Authority published a document comprising a set of Opinions on certain UK pension schemes that are to be exempt from centrally clearing OTC derivatives contracts under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. The Opinions have been requested by the UK Financial Conduct Authority and relate to 16 different kinds of pension schemes. Transitional exemptions from the clearing obligation can be granted to pension scheme arrangements that meet certain criteria, essentially, when OTC derivatives contracts are entered into and are used for hedging purposes. To obtain an exemption, requests must be made by the pension scheme to a national regulator. Under EMIR, the national regulator must seek an Opinion from ESMA before making a final exemption decision. ESMA, in turn, must consult with the European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority before issuing its Opinion. The FCA has now granted exemptions and ESMA will publish the list of the types of entities that have been given exemptions in the near future. This follows on from the transitional exemption period for pension funds from the clearing obligation having been extended to August 16, 2017. Pension funds must comply with the EU clearing obligation by this date under EMIR.
View ESMA's press release and Opinions.Topic : Derivatives -
European Banking Authority Letter to European Commission on Revised Deadlines for Delivery of Technical Standards
01/28/2016
The European Banking Authority published a letter dated December 18, 2015 addressed to the European Commission in which the EBA requests delays to the dates by which the EBA is required to prepare technical standards and reports under the Capital Requirements Directive, the Capital Requirements Regulation, the EU Bank Recovery and Resolution Directive, the European Market Infrastructure Regulation and the Credit Rating Agencies Regulation. The EBA states that for the most part it has not been able to deliver its mandates according to deadlines due to a persistent shortage in resources and the need to prioritize other workstreams. The EBA invites the Commission to request the EBA to fulfil its mandates within new time limits.
View the EBA's letter. -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Signs Memorandum of Understanding with German Authorities
01/27/2016
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission announced the signing of a Memorandum of Understanding with the Bundesanstalt für Finanzdienstleistungsaufsicht (BaFin) and Deutsche Bundesbank (Bundesbank) regarding cooperation and the exchange of information in the supervision and oversight of clearing organizations that operate in the United States and in Germany.
The MOU signifies a willingness among the CFTC, the BaFin, and the Bundesbank to collaborate in order to fulfill their respective regulatory mandates with respect to cross-border clearing organizations in the United States and Germany. The MOU accompanies the CFTC’s decision to grant Eurex Clearing AG registration as a derivatives clearing organization.
View the MOU.
Topic : Derivatives -
European Securities and Markets Authority signs Memoranda of Understanding with South African and Mexican CCP Regulators
01/26/2016
The European Securities and Markets Authority published the Memoranda of Understanding it entered into with the Financial Services Board of South Africa and the Comisión Nacional Bancaria y de Valores of Mexico. The MoUs are established further to the European Markets Infrastructure Regulation, under which ESMA is required to set out cooperation arrangements with non-EU authorities whose legal and supervisory framework for non-EU CCPs are deemed to be equivalent to European requirements. The MoUs provide ESMA with the tools to monitor the ongoing compliance of non-EU CCPs with the recognition conditions under EMIR. The MoUs are effective from November 30, 2015 and January 25, 2016 respectively.
View the South African MoU.
View the Mexican MoU.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Grants Registration to 18 Swap Execution Facilities
01/22/2016
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission granted permanent registration to 18 Swap Execution Facilities that trade interest rate swaps and credit default swaps, all of which were previously operating under temporary registration status. The SEFs approved for registration are: 360 Trading Networks Inc.; BGC Derivatives Markets, L.P.; Bloomberg SEF LLC; Chicago Mercantile Exchange Inc.; DW SEF LLC; GFI Swaps Exchange LLC; ICAP Global Derivatives Limited; ICAP SEF (US) LLC; ICE Swap Trade, LLC; Javelin SEF, LLC; LatAm SEF, LLC; MarketAxess SEF Corporation; SwapEx, LLC; Thomson Reuters (SEF) LLC; tpSEF Inc.; Tradition SEF, Inc.; trueEX LLC; and TW SEF LLC. The CFTC continues to review the registration of five remaining SEFs that are currently operating under temporary registration status.
View more information regarding the CFTC-registered SEFs.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Launches Whistleblower Program's Website
01/21/2016
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission launched a new website to provide the public with information about whistleblower rights and protections, and to allow the public to submit tips about potential violations of the Commodity Exchange Act via the website. The website guides users through filing a tip and applying for an award and contains accessible information about the rules and regulations governing the CFTC’s Whistleblower Program and related updates.
View the CFTC press release.
View the program website.Topic : Derivatives -
European Systemic Risk Board Assesses Risks Posed by CCP Interoperability Arrangements
01/18/2016
The European Systemic Risk Board published a report on the systemic risk implications of CCP interoperability arrangements which are governed by the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. There are currently five interoperable links in operation in the EU, including four authorized EU CCPs, a Swiss CCP and its Norwegian branch. The ESRB considers that the EU's current regulatory framework for interoperability is sound. However, the ESRB recommends that: (i) more regulatory granularity should be included in the framework to provide clarity for supervisors and regulators, to avoid regulatory arbitrage and to ensure a harmonized EU approach; (ii) the expected proposed legislation on CCP recovery and resolution should clarify the interaction of an interoperability arrangement with the default waterfall framework as well as portability and other default management measures; (iii) further analysis of the risks involved in interoperable arrangements for derivatives should be carried out; and (iv) the ESRB should be given a consultative role on the future development of any guidelines and rules on interoperability. The European Securities and Markets Authority recommended in February 2015 that the interoperability provisions in EMIR, which are limited to transferable securities and money-market instruments, should not be extended to OTC derivatives but could be extended to Exchange-Traded Derivatives. The European Commission must take the ESRB and ESMA reports into account when it prepares its report to the European Parliament and Council on the issue.
View the ESRB report. -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Oversight Extends No-Action Relief Regarding Masking Certain Reportable Identifying Information
01/15/2016
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission’s Division of Market Oversight extended no action relief originally provided in CFTC Letter 13‑41, which was issued on June 28, 2013. CFTC Letter 13-41 permits Part 45 and Part 46 reporting counterparties to mask legal entity identifiers, and certain other enumerated identifiers and identifying terms, and permits Part 20 reporting entities to mask identifying information, in required reports in light of privacy, secrecy and blocking laws in certain jurisdictions. The CFTC previously extended this relief through CFTC Letter 15-01, and is now further extending relief, subject to certain conditions, until the earlier of March 1, 2017 and the date that the reporting party no longer holds the requisite reasonable belief that privacy law bars reporting.
View the CFTC press release.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Issues Order Delegating Certain Responsibilities to the National Futures Association
01/14/2016
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission issued an order under the Commodity Exchange Act delegating to the National Futures Association certain reporting and administrative responsibilities, effective March 1, 2016. The NFA will receive, review and maintain notices of swap valuation disputes in excess of $20 million USD filed by swap dealers and major swap participants pursuant to CFTC regulation 23.502(c). The NFA will also be responsible for providing summaries and periodic reports related to these notices to the CFTC. The NFA is not authorized to render “no-action” positions, exemptions or interpretations with respect to applicable disclosure, reporting, recordkeeping and registration requirements.
View the order.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Approves Proposed Rule Offering Alternative to Fingerprinting for Foreign Natural Persons
01/04/2016
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission proposed a rule offering an alternative to the requirement for foreign natural persons to provide fingerprints when applying for CFTC registration. The proposal provides that any such person’s registered firm may complete a criminal history background check instead of submitting fingerprints. The proposal generally codifies CFTC Staff Letters 12-49 and 13-29 and would supersede those letters, if adopted. Comments on the proposed rule are due on or before February 11, 2016.
View the CFTC press release.
View the proposed rule.Topic : Derivatives -
Consultation on Harmonization of the Unique Product Identifier Launched
12/17/2015
The Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures and the Board of the International Organization of Securities Commissions published proposed guidance on the Unique Product Identifier which will allow for the identification of OTC derivatives products that authorities require, or may require in the future, to be reported to trade repositories. The UPI is made up of an OTC derivatives products classification system and an associated code (i.e. how the UPI will be represented in trade reports). A separate consultation will be launched on the code at a later date. Currently, OTC derivative trades are reported to 20 trade repositories authorized for some asset classes. However, in order to properly mitigate systemic risk and protect against market abuse, it is necessary for data across trade repositories to be aggregated so that national regulators have a comprehensive view of the OTC derivatives markets and trading activity. The CPMI and IOSCO have been tasked by the Financial Stability Board with developing global guidance on the harmonization of data elements reported to trade repositories, including a Unique Transaction Identifier and a UPI. The CPMI and IOSCO are proposing principles and high-level business specifications for the UPI as well as two approaches for the granularity of the UPI classification system. In particular, feedback is sought on potential implementation challenges. The consultation closes on February 24, 2016.
View the consultation paper.Topic : Derivatives -
Buy-side Firms Commit to Central Clearing of Single-Name CDS
12/16/2015
The International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc., the Managed Funds Association and the Asset Management Group of the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association announced that 25 buy-side firms had voluntarily committed to clearing their single-name credit default swap trades through central counterparties. Clearing of such trades will be the priority with existing positions being migrated over time. The firms are: AB, Anchorage Capital Group, Apollo Global Management, LLC, AQR Capital Management, LLC, BlackRock Inc., BlueMountain Capital Management, LLC, Brigade Capital Management, Citadel LLC, Claren Road Asset Management, LLC, Cyrus Capital Partners, LP, DCI, LLC., DW Partners, LP, Eaton Vance Management, Field Street Capital Management, LLC, Gracie Asset Management, Hutchin Hill Capital LP, Kingdon Capital Management, LLC, Marathon Asset Management, LP, MKP Capital Management, LLC, Och-Ziff Capital Management Group, PIMCO, Pine River Capital Management, Saba Capital Management, L.P., UBS O’Connor LLC and Zais Group, LLC.
View the announcement.Topic : Derivatives -
European Securities and Markets Authority Consults on CCP Time Horizon for Liquidation Period
12/14/2015
The European Securities and Markets Authority published a consultation paper on a review of the Regulatory Technical Standards for CCPs on the time horizons for the liquidation period for margin held by CCPs for exchange-traded derivatives. The RTS currently specify a two-day time horizon as the liquidation period used in the time horizons for margin calculations, across all CCP accounts for exchange-traded products. The original RTS use this two-day liquidation period but based on net margin models, where offsetting positions of different customers cancel one another out. A key economic difference has been noted between the US and EU regimes for CCP margins, in that the US only requires a one day liquidation period but is calculated on a gross basis across all customer positions. A degree of harmonization of the two regimes is proposed to assist the EU in adopting a long-awaited equivalence decision for US CCPs under EMIR, with proposed adoption of the alternative of a “one day gross” model for European CCP customer accounts. The two-day standard for clearing members' house accounts and the five-day liquidation period for OTC products would be retained. The consultation follows on from ESMA's discussion paper published in August 2015. Comments are due by February 1, 2016.
View the consultation paper. -
US Securities and Exchange Commission Proposes New Derivatives Rules for Registered Funds and Business Development Companies
12/11/2015
​The US Securities and Exchange Commission issued a proposed rule for public comment that would limit the use of derivatives and require new risk management measures by registered investment companies, including mutual funds, exchange-traded funds, closed-end funds, and business development companies. The proposed rule would require a fund to comply with one of two portfolio limitations, that would cap the amount of leverage a fund may obtain from derivatives and other specified transactions. Specifically, the rule would limit a fund’s aggregate derivatives exposure to 150 percent of the fund’s net assets, or up to 300 percent of the fund’s net assets provided that the fund satisfies a risk-based test based on value-at-risk. A formal derivatives risk management program overseen by a designated derivatives risk manager would be required if a fund engages in more than the limited amount of derivatives transactions or if it uses complex derivatives. In addition, a fund would have to manage the risks related to their use of derivatives by segregating certain assets, generally cash and cash equivalents, in an amount sufficient to ensure that the fund meets its obligations. Funds would also be required to segregate certain assets to cover its obligations related to certain financial commitment transactions, such as reverse repurchase agreements and short sales. The proposed rule will be open for public comment for 90 days following its publication in the Federal Register.
View the SEC press release.
View the proposed rule.Topic : Derivatives -
European Securities and Market Authority Consults on Revised Standards for Data Access under European Market Infrastructure Regulation
12/11/2015
The European Securities and Markets Authority launched a consultation on revised Regulatory Technical Standards on data access and operational standards for comparison and aggregation of data under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. ESMA is proposing to revise the existing RTS to take into account both practical developments and international developments. It will also address certain structural deficiencies in data access which have resulted in an inability of regulators to perform adequate systemic risk assessments. Particular targets of concern are low quality data, limited capabilities for data querying and for access to large datasets, difficulties in aggregating and comparing data across trade repositories due to lack of standardization and difficulties in obtaining real direct and immediate access to trade repository data. ESMA is therefore proposing: (i) common provisions for operational standards for aggregation and comparison of data; (ii) common output formats; and (iii) common provisions for operational standards for access to data and data exchange procedures between trade repositories and national regulators. The consultation closes on February 1, 2016.
View the consultation paper.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commision Issues Extension of No-Action Relief from Certain Recordkeeping Requirements
12/08/2015
​The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission’s Division of Swap Dealer and Intermediary Oversight and Division of Market Oversight issued a no-action letter extending relief previously issued in CFTC Staff Letter No. 14-147. CFTC Staff Letter No. 14-147, which was set to expire on December 31, 2015, provides that commodity trading advisers that are registered with the CFTC, and are members of designated contract markets or swap execution facilities, are not required to record oral communications under CFTC Rule 1.35(a). In addition, the no-action letter exempts market participants covered by Regulation 1.35 from having to link records of oral and written communications that lead to the execution of a transaction with any particular transaction. The extended relief will continue until the effective date of any CFTC action with respect to the CFTC’s pending proposal to amend Rule 1.35(a).
View CFTC Staff Letter No. 14-147.Topic : Derivatives -
First EU Clearing Obligation To Apply from June 2016
12/01/2015
A Delegated Regulation which gives effect to the EU clearing obligation for Interest Rate Swaps was published in the Official Journal of the European Union. Under the Delegated Regulation, fixed-to-float IRS, known as plain vanilla IRS derivatives, float-to-float swaps, known as basis swaps, forward rate agreements and overnight index swaps denominated in euro, pounds sterling, Japanese yen or US dollars and entered into with an EU counterparty must be cleared through a CCP. The obligation will be phased in according to counterparty type to allow market participants time to determine if the obligation applies to them and set up procedures to ensure compliance: (i) from June 21, 2016: clearing members for at least one of the relevant classes of IRS of at least one CCP authorized or recognized to clear one of those classes; (ii) December 21, 2016: FCs and alternative investment funds belonging to a group whose group aggregate month end average of outstanding notional amount of non-centrally cleared derivatives for the three months following the Delegated Regulation entering into force is above €8 billion; (iii) from June 21, 2017: FCs and AIFs not in either category (i) or (ii) above; and (iii) from December 21, 2018: NFCs subject to the clearing obligation that are not in any of the above categories.
View the Regulation.
You may wish to read our updated client note which is available here.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Unanimously Approves Proposed Rules on Automated Trading
11/24/2015
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission approved proposed rules, known collectively as Regulation Automated Trading (or otherwise known as Regulation AT), that aim to implement risk controls, transparency measures, and other safeguards to enhance regulation of automated trading on US Designated Contract Markets. The proposed risk controls, including maximum order message and size parameters, standards for development, testing and monitoring of algorithmic trading systems, among other requirements, would apply to: (i) market participants using algorithmic trading systems, referred to as “AT Persons” in the proposed rules; (ii) clearing member Futures Commission Merchants with respect to their AT Person customers; and (iii) DCMs executing AT Person orders. Regulation AT would require submission of reports on risk controls, as well as maintenance of books and records regarding such risk controls and other algorithmic trading procedures, by AT Persons and clearing member FCMs for review by DCMs. The proposed rules would also require registration of persons engaged in significant proprietary algorithmic trading in key products through direct electronic access to a DCM who are not currently registered with the CFTC. Regulation AT is intended to include greater transparency around DCM trade matching platforms and promote use of self-trade prevention tools by market participants on DCMs.
View the press release.
View the proposed rulemaking.Topic : Derivatives -
European Securities and Markets Authority Will Not Extend Grace Period for Exemption from Providing Collateralized Bank Guarantees
11/19/2015
The European Securities and Markets Authority announced that it was not going to further extend the exemption for non-financial counterparties from the obligation to provide collateralized bank guarantees for their energy derivatives cleared by EU CCPs. Therefore, from March 15, 2016, CCPs authorized under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation must fully collateralize commercial bank guarantees used to cover transactions in derivatives relating to electricity or natural gas produced. Non-financial counterparties have had a three year grace period to ensure that they will be able to comply with the collateral obligations under EMIR which requires CCPs to only accept highly liquid collateral with minimal credit and market risk.
View ESMA's announcement.Topic : Derivatives -
Further EU Equivalence Decisions on Regulatory Regimes for CCPs
11/14/2015
Five equivalence decisions on the regulatory regimes for CCPs under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation were published in the Official Journal of the European Union. These relate to Canada, Mexico, South Korea, South Africa and Switzerland. The legal and supervisory arrangements of these jurisdictions are considered to be equivalent to the requirements set out in EMIR. Equivalence decisions for CCP regimes have previously been given only for Australia, Hong Kong, Singapore and Japan. A decision for the US is still outstanding due to the differing margin requirements for exchange-traded derivatives.
View the equivalence decision for Canada.
View the equivalence decision for Mexico.
View the equivalence decision for South Korea.
View the equivalence decision for South Africa.
View the equivalence decision for Switzerland.Topic : Derivatives -
Proposed Updated EU Technical Standards on Derivatives Reporting Requirements
11/13/2015
The European Securities and Markets Authority published proposed draft technical standards that will amend the existing Commission Delegated Regulation on the minimum details of data to be reported to trade repositories and the Implementing Regulation on the format and frequency of trade reports to trade repositories. ESMA consulted on these changes in November 2014. ESMA considers that the current standards should be updated to incorporate the feedback and Q&As during implementation of the reporting requirement under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation since 2013. The changes are mainly related to clarifying data fields and/or their description, amending existing fields so that they reflect reporting logic in existing Q&As and introducing new fields to reflect market practice. ESMA has also aimed to align reporting requirements under EMIR with those under the Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation, so as to minimize the burden on those entities that are required to report under both regimes. The changes include: (i) allowing the use of multiple reports for the reporting of complex derivatives provided that counterparties agree the number of reports to be submitted; (ii) adding a definition for the notional amount of a derivative; and (iii) amending the fields for reporting of collateral to, amongst other things, split the value field into initial margin posted and variation margin posted. The proposed draft technical standards have been sent to the European Commission for endorsement. ESMA proposes that the standards would only apply nine months after they come into force.
View ESMA's press release.Topic : Derivatives -
European Securities and Markets Authority Additional Interest Rate Swaps for the Clearing Obligation
11/10/2015
The European Securities and Markets Authority published a final report setting out additional final draft Regulatory Technical Standards on the clearing obligation, in particular, the central clearing of interest rate OTC Derivatives in additional currencies. The additional final draft RTS propose a clearing obligation for fixed-to-float Interest Rate Swaps as well as forward rate agreements denominated in Norwegian Krone (NOK), Polish Zloty (PLN) and Swedish Krona (SEK). ESMA considers that because substantial trading volumes exist in these currencies, such contracts are of significant systemic relevance for the EU as well as to specific local markets and the addition of these classes to the clearing obligation will play an important role in reducing systemic risk. ESMA has already deemed IRS denominated in Euros (EUR), Great British Pounds (GBP), Japanese Yen (JPY) and United States Dollars (USD) eligible for mandatory clearing, for which RTS have already been endorsed by the European Commission and central clearing is expected to begin in mid-2016. ESMA has submitted the additional final draft RTS to the European Commission for endorsement.
View the final report.Topic : Derivatives -
European Securities and Markets Authority Consultation on Indirect Clearing Under European Market Infrastructure Regulation and Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation
11/05/2015
The European Securities and Markets Authority published a consultation paper on draft Regulatory Technical Standards for Indirect Clearing Arrangements relating to OTC derivatives under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation and on Exchange-Traded Derivatives under the Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation. Indirect clearing is a situation where a person accesses clearing through two or more layers of intermediation, i.e. both a clearing member and another intermediary such as a regional bank or affiliate. The draft RTS on ICAs developed under MiFIR included rules for ETDs and a separate RTS under EMIR applies to OTC derivatives. A draft new RTS under EMIR is proposed. Both RTS aim to resolve well-known market difficulties resulting from the incompatibility of existing RTS with insolvency laws and current market practice. There are proposals for persons using indirect clearing to have a choice of separate net margined or gross margined accounts at clearing house level. The requirements for "leapfrog" payments to be made by clearing members, bypassing insolvent intermediaries, are to be watered down considerably, due to concerns around conflicts with insolvency laws. New proposals are made for chains involving more than one intermediary. Both sets of draft RTS are included in the annexes of the consultation paper. Following the consultation period and any changes resulting from it, ESMA would submit new RTS to the European Commission. Comments are due by December 27, 2015.
View the consultation paper.Topic : Derivatives -
CFTC’s Division of Market Oversight Extends Time-Limited No-Action Relief for Swap Execution Facilities from Certain “Block Trade” Requirements
11/02/2015
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission’s Division of Market Oversight extended time-limited no-action relief to Swap Execution Facilities from certain requirements in the definition of “block trade” in CFTC Regulation Section 43.2. Section 43.2 includes in its definition of “block trade,” a publicly reportable swap transaction that “occurs away” from a registered SEF’s trading system and executed according to the SEF’s procedures. The No-Action Letter extends time-limited relief to SEFs from the “occurring away” requirement until November 15, 2016. Overall, the extension will allow the CFTC continued time to monitor and evaluate SEF trading practices, specifically in regards to pre-execution credit checks. It will also allow the CFTC time to evaluate best practices and create a more comprehensive permanent solution for screening block trade orders for compliance with risk-based limits.
View the press release.
View CFTC Staff Letter 15-60.Topic : Derivatives -
US Federal Agencies Jointly Issue Final Rules on Swap Margin Requirements
10/30/2015
The Farm Credit Administration, the FDIC, the Federal Housing Finance Agency, the Federal Reserve Board and the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency jointly issued a final rule establishing margin requirements for uncleared swaps. The FDIC and OCC had previously approved the final rule on October 22, 2015. The rule will apply to swap dealers, security-based swap dealers, major swap participants and major security-based swap participants supervised by the aforementioned agencies and registered with the US Commodity Futures Trading Commission or the Securities and Exchange Commission. Sections 731 and 764 of the Dodd-Frank Act require the agencies to establish capital and margin requirements for registered swap dealers, major swap participants, security- based swap dealers and major security-based swap participants in order to address the risks to such entities and the financial system from non-cleared derivatives. Specifically, the final rule requires that initial and variation margin be exchanged between covered swap entities and certain counterparties in connection with non-cleared swaps and security- based swaps. The rule also specifies how margin is to be calculated, what types of margin are eligible and how margin is to be held. Additionally, the agencies approved an interim final companion rule to the joint final rule establishing swap margin requirements.
View the final rule.
View the interim final rule.
View the OCC press release.Topic : Derivatives -
European Securities and Markets Authority Publishes Final Guidelines on the Commodity Derivatives Definition
10/21/2015
The European Securities and Markets Authority published translations of its Guidelines on the application of the definition of commodity derivatives under the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive (known as MiFID I). The guidelines aim to provide a common, uniform and consistent application of the definition of commodity derivatives. There is no commonly adopted definition of derivatives in the EU under MiFID I and ESMA was concerned that this would lead to the inconsistent application of the European Market Infrastructure Regulation where it refers to the MiFID commodity derivatives definition. The Guidelines are also relevant to the reporting obligations under the Regulation on wholesale energy market integrity and transparency, known as REMIT. The Guidelines also aim to ensure continuity when MiFID II replaces MiFID I from January 3, 2017. The Guidelines were initially published on May 6, 2015 with ESMA's final report and feedback and applied from August 7, 2015.
View the Guidelines. -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Further Implements Trade Execution Requirement
10/14/2015
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission’s Division of Market Oversight extended existing time-limited no-action relief for swaps executed as part of certain package transactions that currently receive relief from the requirement that such swaps be executed on a Designated Contract Market or Swap Execution Facility under CFTC Letter 14-137, which was issued in November 2014.
In the CFTC no-action letter, the CFTC found that requiring certain package transactions be executed on a SEF or DCM still presents challenges to both counterparties as well as to SEFs and DCMs. Because many of the challenges previously necessitating no-action relief for certain package transactions have still not yet been resolved, the CFTC is extending relief from the trade execution requirement to enable market participants to continue to execute certain package transactions in a flexible manner.
In a statement issued concurrently with the no-action letter, CFTC Commissioner J. Christopher Giancarlo criticized this fourth extension of no-action relief, noting that the need for repeated extensions proves that the CFTC’s efforts to force certain complex package transactions to trade via a SEF’s limited execution methods is “simply not workable.” In the statement, Commissioner Giancarlo expressed support instead for allowing SEFs flexibility to implement the execution methods currently used to trade package transactions in global markets.
View the press release.
View CFTC Staff Letter 15-55.Topic : Derivatives -
European Securities and Markets Authority Writes to European Commission on Technical Standards for Indirect Clearing
10/02/2015
The European Securities and Markets Authority sent a letter to Jonathan Hill, Commissioner for Financial Stability, Financial Services and Capital Markets Union at the European Commission on the Regulatory Technical Standards for indirect clearing for OTC derivatives under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation and the draft RTS on exchange-traded derivatives under the Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation. Both the final RTS under EMIR and the draft RTS under MiFIR aim to specify the types of indirect contractual arrangements that do not increase counterparty risk. Under MiFIR, the draft RTS on indirect clearing must be consistent with the RTS under EMIR. ESMA considers that the RTS under EMIR need to be revised to take into account the feedback received on the proposed draft RTS under MiFIR. ESMA therefore intends to consult on the possible changes to the EMIR RTS to align them with the draft MiFIR RTS. ESMA will submit the draft MiFIR RTS and draft amended EMIR RTS to the European Commission together, following its consultation.
View the letter.Topic : Derivatives -
European Securities and Markets Authority Publishes Final Draft Technical Standards on the Clearing Obligation for CDS
10/02/2015
The European Securities and Markets Authority published its final report and final draft Regulatory Technical Standards on the clearing obligation for certain classes of credit derivatives. Under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation, ESMA is required to develop draft RTS setting out the OTC derivatives that should be subject to the clearing obligation, the date/s from which the obligation should apply and the minimum remaining maturity of OTC derivatives. The final draft RTS provide for the following two iTraxx Index CDS to be subject to the clearing obligation: (i) untranched iTraxx Index CDS (Main, EUR,5Y); and (ii) untranched iTraxx Index CDS (Crossover, EUR,5Y). ESMA has to a large extent adopted the same approach that it took for the RTS on the clearing obligation for IRS (which the European Commission adopted on August 6, 2015). The final draft RTS on the clearing obligation for CDS provide for the same categories of counterparties to be subject to the CDS clearing obligation as will be subject to the IRS clearing obligation. Similarly, the obligation for the different counterparties will be phased in according to counterparty type. ESMA has submitted the final draft RTS on a clearing obligation for CDS to the European Commission for endorsement.
View the final draft RTS on a clearing obligation for CDS.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission’s Division of Market Oversight Issues Additional Time-Limited No-Action Relief from Electronic Reporting Requirements in the OCR Final Rule
09/28/2015
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission’s Division of Market Oversight issued a no-action letter, CFTC Letter No. 15-52, that provides additional time for reporting parties to comply with certain reporting requirements of the ownership and control final rule (OCR Final Rule). The OCR Final Rule introduces to the CFTC’s transaction and reporting program certain new and updated forms for reporting trader identification and market participant data. CFTC Letter No. 15-52 supersedes previous no-action relief issued in February 2015, and extends relief until April 2016, September 2016, or February 2017, depending on the type of reporting requirement.
View the press release.
View CFTC Letter No. 15-52.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Settles with TeraExchange LLC, a Swap Execution Facility, for Failing to Enforce Trading Prohibitions
09/24/2015
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commissioin issued an Order filing and settling charges against TeraExchange LLC, a provisionally registered Swap Execution Facility. TeraExchange was charged for failing to enforce a prohibition on wash trading and prearranged trading on the SEF platform in connection with the SEF's offering for trade of a non-deliverable forward contract based on the relative value of the US Dollar and Bitcoin. TeraExchange is required to cease and desist from future violations regarding trade practices.
View the CFTC press release.
Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Approves Supplement to Proposed Rulemaking to Modify the Aggregation Provisions of Its Position Limits Rules
09/22/2015
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission approved for public comment a supplement to its November 2013 proposed rulemaking to modify the policy for aggregation under the CFTC's position limits regime for futures and option contracts in Part 150 of its regulations. The supplemental notice of proposed rulemaking revises how the CFTC proposes to address situations when an exemption from the aggregation requirement is available for owners of greater than 50 percent interest in another entity. Under the November 2013 proposal, owners of a greater than 50 percent interest would have to provide specified information and certifications in an application to the CFTC, and obtain CFTC approval before disaggregating their positions. Under the supplement, owners of a greater than 50 percent interest would follow the same procedures that were proposed for owners of an interest between 10 and 50 percent, which procedures would permit such owners to disaggregate an owned entity's positions upon filing a notice with the CFTC stating that certain specified standards have been met. All other aspects of the November 2013 proposal remain the same. The CFTC continues to consider the November 2013 proposal and the comments submitted during the earlier comment periods.
View the press release.
View the CFTC proposed rule.
Topic : Derivatives -
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Issues Interpretative Guidance Regarding the Use of a "Firm or Forced Trades" Process by Derivatives Clearing Organizations
09/18/2015
The US Commodity Future Commission's Division of Market Oversight and Division of Clearing and Risk jointly published an interpretive letter stating that the use by a DCO of a "firm or forced trades" process to determine the price of certain swaps for which public market prices are not available, does not, by itself, trigger the requirement for the DCO to register as a swap execution facility.
In addition, the CFTC interpretive letter states that the DCO should be the reporting counterparty for swaps created by the firm or forced trades process for purposes of Part 45 of the CFTC's regulations.
View the CFTC Staff Letter.Topic : Derivatives -
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Issues Interpretation Clarifying the Consistency between CFTC Regulations Applicable to Derivatives Clearing Organizations and the Principles for Financial Market Infrastructures
09/18/2015
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission’s Division of Clearing and Risk released an interpretation clarifying the consistency of the CFTC’s Part 39 regulations pertinent to certain derivatives clearing organizations with the CPMI-IOSCO Principles for Financial Market Infrastructures. The clarification relates to certain risk management standards which, among other things, address risks associated with the following: exchange-of-value settlement services; link arrangements of DCOs; the requirement to use central bank services, where available and practicable; and requirements regarding the due diligence conducted with respect to custodian banks.
In the guidance, the CFTC interprets the relevant Part 39 regulations, which apply to systemically important DCOs and those DCOs that have opted into an enhanced regulatory framework (known as Subpart C DCOs), to incorporate all of the standards set forth in the PFMIs.
View the CFTC Staff Interpretation.Topic : Derivatives -
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Orders Bitcoin Options Trading Platform Operator and its CEO to Cease Illegally Offering Bitcoin Options and to Cease Operating a Facility for Trading or Processing of Swaps without Registering
09/17/2015The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission issued an Order filing and settling charges against Coinflip, Inc., a San Francisco based company, and its chief executive officer, Francisco Riordan, for conducting activity related to commodity options transactions in violation of the Commodity Exchange Act rules and CFTC Regulations. In the Order, the CFTC found for the first time that Bitcoin and other virtual currencies are properly defined as commodities covered by the CEA. The Order found that Coinflip and Riordan operated a facility for the trading or processing of commodity options without complying with the CEA or CFTC Regulations. The Order requires Coinflip and Riordan to cease and desist from further violations of the CEA and CFTC Regulations, as charged, and to comply with specified undertakings.
View the CFTC press release.
View the CFTC Order.Topic : Derivatives -
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Orders Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Ltd. to Pay a $150,000 Penalty for Inaccurate Large Trader Reports for Physical Commodity Swap Positions
09/17/2015
The CFTC issued an Order filing and settling charges against Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Ltd. (“ANZ”), an Australia-based financial services company. The CFTC Order fined ANZ $150,000 for violations of Section 4s(f) of the Commodity Exchange Act and CFTC Regulations 20.4 and 20.7 by failing to comply with its obligation to submit accurate large trader reports for physical commodity swap positions. This is the CFTC’s first case enforcing the new Dodd-Frank Act large trader reporting requirements for physical commodity swap positions pursuant to Section 4s(f) of the CEA and Part 20 of the CFTC’s Regulations.
View the CFTC Press Release.
View the CFTC Order.Topic : Derivatives -
Industry Launches Derivatives Product Identification Initiative
09/17/2015
The International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc. announced the launch of a new industry data project which will develop an open-source standard derivatives product identification system that can be applied across different types of financial market infrastructure, such as trading venues, clearing houses and trade repositories. The initiative is in response to the derivatives reporting requirements which are imposed in various jurisdictions, including the US and EU. ISDA's new Symbology Governance Committee will provide oversight and governance to ensure that the product identification standard meets both industry and regulatory requirements. Eighteen entities (subject to finalization of contracts), have signed up to the project so far.
View ISDA's press release.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Proposes Amendments to the Definition of "Material Terms" for Purposes of Swap Portfolio Reconciliation
09/15/2015
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission announced proposed amendments to the definition of “material terms” in connection with CFTC regulations relating to swap portfolio reconciliation.
CFTC regulations on swap portfolio reconciliation require swap dealers and major swap participants to reconcile swap terms with other SDs or MSPs daily, weekly, or quarterly, depending upon the size of the particular swap portfolio. These regulations also require SDs and MSPs provide non-SD and non-MSP counterparties with regular opportunities for portfolio reconciliation.
Under the new proposal, the CFTC would amend the definition of “material terms” to specifically exclude certain data fields from the periodic reconciliation requirements. If the proposed amendment to the definition of “material terms” is adopted, the proposed rule would supersede no-action relief provided pursuant to CFTC Letter 13-31 issued on June 26, 2013.
In separate statements, CFTC Commissioner J. Christopher Giancarlo and CFTC Chairman Timothy Massad praised the proposal for eliminating unnecessary burdens in the swap portfolio reconciliation rules. In addition, Commissioner Giancarlo encouraged parties affected by the swap reconciliation rules to submit comments regarding the ongoing costs associated with the reconciliation of other data fields that may not be relevant to the ongoing rights and obligations of the parties to a swap.
The comment period ends 60 days after the proposal’s publication in the Federal Register.
View the CFTC proposed rule.
Topic : Derivatives -
Extension of Exemption from EU Clearing Obligation for Pension Funds
09/15/2015
A Commission Delegated Regulation was published in the Official Journal of the European Union which extends the transitional exemption period under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation for pension funds to comply with the EU clearing obligation by two years. The European Commission announced on June 5, 2015, that the period would be extended from August 16, 2015 to August 16, 2017, noting that if pension funds were subject to the clearing obligation now, they would need to source cash for the margin requirements of CCPs. The Commission, and other EU regulators, have asked CCPs to develop a solution that would allow pension funds to clear derivatives without the obligation being too burdensome for pension funds but which will also allow CCPs to liquidate positions rapidly in the event of a default. To date, no solution has been confirmed.
View the Commission Delegated Regulation.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Approves Final Regulation Requiring Certain Participants to Be Members of a Registered Futures Association
09/10/2015
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission issued a final rule requiring all registered introducing brokers and commodity pool operators, and certain commodity trading advisors, to become and remain members of a registered futures association. Currently, the only registered futures association is the National Futures Association. Certain commodity trading advisors who qualify for an exemption from registration as a commodity trading advisor under CFTC regulation 4.14(a)(9) are not subject to this requirement. Compliance with the final rule is required by December 31, 2015.
View the press release.
View the final rule.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Issues Order of Temporary Registration as a Swap Execution Facility to Bitcoin Options Exchange
09/10/2015
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission announced the approval of the application of LedgerX LLC for temporary registration as a swap execution facility. LedgerX is a Delaware limited liability company and wholly-owned subsidiary of NYBX Inc., a corporation based in Delaware. Following the approval for temporary registration, the CFTC will undertake a further substantive review of the company’s application for full registration. If approved, LedgerX would be the first federally regulated bitcoin options exchange and clearing house that would list and clear fully-collateralized, physically-settled bitcoin options for the institutional market.
View the press release.Topic : Derivatives -
Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures and the International Organization of Securities Commissions Consult on Harmonization of Key OTC Derivatives Data Elements
09/02/2015
The Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures and the International Organization of Securities Commissions published a consultative report on the harmonization of a first batch of key OTC derivatives data elements, focusing on key data considered to be important for consistent and meaningful aggregation on a global basis, as OTC derivatives become required to be reported to trade repositories in many jurisdictions globally. The consultation seeks views on matters including: (i) proposed definitions of key data elements; (ii) whether the proposed definitions cover different market practices globally; and (iii) whether any alternative approaches to those mentioned in the report would better achieve the goals of the report. Comments are due by October 9, 2015.
View the report.
Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Approves National Futures Association Rules Enhancing Protections for Retail Forex Customers
08/27/2015
On August 27, 2015, the US Commodity Futures Trading Commission approved rule amendments and a new interpretive notice filed by the National Futures Association heightening protections for retail customers of NFA Forex Dealer Members. Among other things, the rule amendments (i) impose additional capital requirements on FDMs; (ii) require FDMs to collect security deposits for off-exchange foreign currency transactions from both eligible contract participant counterparties as well as retail counterparties; (iii) require FDMs to adopt and implement more stringent risk management programs; and (iv) require FDMs to provide additional market disclosures and firm-specific information on their websites.
Statements issued by Chairman Timothy Massad and Commissioner Sharon Bowen emphasized the heightened risks faced by retail customers investing in the foreign exchange markets, including the losses retail investors face as a result of minor price movements in the foreign exchange market. In her statement, Commissioner Bowen further stated that the CFTC should consider imposing additional regulations on retail forex dealers, including, but not limited to: (i) imposing concentration charges on RFEDs if they are overly exposed to a particular currency pair or liquidity provider to incentivize RFEDs to balance their, and their retail counterparties’ positions; (ii) requiring that RFEDs get the best possible prices for their retail counterparties; and (iii) requiring or incentivizing RFEDs to clear in order to lower the credit risks that retail foreign exchange investors face.
View the press release.Topic : Derivatives -
European Securities and Markets Authority Seeks Feedback on CCP Time Horizon for Liquidation Period
08/27/2015
The European Securities and Markets Authority published a discussion paper on a review of the Regulatory Technical Standards for CCPs on the time horizons for the liquidation period for margin held by CCPs. The RTS currently specify a two-day time horizon as the liquidation period which should be sufficient for a CCP to transfer or liquidate the positions of a defaulting clearing member for exchange-traded derivatives. Margins are modeled to cover the exposures arising from this time horizon. The original RTS use this two-day liquidation period but based on net margin models, where offsetting positions of different customers cancel one another out. A key economic difference has been noted between the US and EU regimes for CCP margins, in that the US only requires a one day liquidation period but is calculated on a gross basis across all customer positions. A degree of harmonization of the two regimes is proposed to assist the EU in adopting a long-awaited equivalence decision for US CCPs under EMIR, with proposed adoption of a “one day gross” model for European CCP customer accounts. The two-day standard for clearing members' house accounts and the five-day liquidation period for OTC products would be retained. Responses to the discussion paper are due by September 30, 2015. On the basis of feedback, ESMA may prepare revised draft RTS for public consultation.
View the discussion paper and response form.
Topic : Derivatives -
European System of Central Banks Reports on Review of European Market Infrastructure Regulation for Access of CCPs to Central Bank Liquidity Facilities
08/25/2015
The European Central Bank published a report of the European System of Central Banks, which is comprised of the ECB and the national central banks of all EU Member States, on whether a measure should be included in the European Market Infrastructure Regulation which would facilitate the access of CCPs to central bank liquidity facilities. The report is required as part of the European Commission’s Review of EMIR. Under EMIR, there are no requirements for the provision of central bank liquidity facilities to CCPs. The decision whether to offer such facilities is left to each central bank’s discretion. This framework is in line with the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union and the Statute of the ESCB. The ESCB does not consider that introducing requirements in EMIR for CCP access to central bank facilities is appropriate to address any potential weaknesses and concludes that the current legal framework is sufficient to ensure access for CCPs to liquidity facilities offered by central banks.
View the report.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Proposes Amendments to Swap Data Recordkeeping and Reporting Requirements for Cleared Swaps
08/19/2015
On August 19, 2015, the US Commodity Futures Trading Commission proposed amendments to existing regulations in order to provide further clarity to swap counterparties and registered entities concerning their reporting obligations for cleared swap transactions. In addition, the proposed amendments are intended to improve the efficiency of data collection and maintenance associated with the reporting of the swaps involved in a cleared swap transaction.
Among other things, the proposed rules are intended to provide clarity as to which counterparty to a swap is responsible for reporting creation and continuation data for certain swap transactions, including clarification as to whose obligation it is to report the extinguishment of a swap upon its acceptance by a derivatives clearing organization for clearing. The CFTC believes the proposed rules will reduce the probability of double-counting notional exposures and improve the capability to trace the history of a cleared swap transaction from execution between the original counterparties to clearing.
The proposed rule would modify Part 45 of the CFTC’s regulations, which the CFTC adopted on December 20, 2011. The comment period ends 60 days after the publication in the Federal Register.
View the press release.Topic : Derivatives -
Input Sought for Development of a Global Unique Transaction Identifier
08/19/2015
The Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures and the International Organization of Securities Commissions launched a consultation aimed at developing guidance for a uniform global unique transaction identifier. The development of a UTI was identified in September 2014 by the Financial Stability Board as one of the critical elements for a mechanism to produce and share global aggregated derivatives reporting data, along with the development a unique product identifier and the harmonization of certain other key data elements. Numerous countries have implemented legislative and regulatory requirements for the reporting of OTC derivatives aimed at improving transparency, mitigating systemic risk and preventing market abuse. To date 26 trade repositories have been established in 16 jurisdictions. The aggregation of data from those trade repositories is key to giving authorities a comprehensive view of the OTC derivatives market and activity and the purpose of the global UTI would be to uniquely identify each OTC derivative transaction required by authorities to be reported to trade repositories. The CPMI and IOSCO are seeking feedback that will assist in developing guidance on a UTI definition, the structure and format of a UTI and responsibility for generating a UTI. Implementation of the final guidance will be the subject of further work by the FSB. The consultation closes on September 30, 2015.
View the consultation paper.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Again Extends Relief from Certain Transaction-Level Requirements for Non-US Swap Dealers
08/13/2015
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission issued a time-limited no-action letter, again extending relief to non-US swap dealers registered with the CFTC from certain transaction-level requirements under the Commodity Exchange Act. This extension builds on similar relief previously granted by the CFTC in 2014 and provides that the CFTC will not take an enforcement action against non-US swap dealers for failure to comply with the specified transaction-level requirements. Subject to the limitations laid out, the relief is effective until the earlier of September 30, 2016 or the effective date of any CFTC action with respect to relief for non-US swap dealers from certain transaction- level requirements.
View the CFTC press release.Topic : Derivatives -
European Securities and Markets Authority Makes Recommendations under the EMIR Review
08/13/2015
The European Securities and Markets Authority published four reports which make recommendations for improving the framework of the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. The reports provide ESMA’s input into the European Commission’s review of EMIR. ESMA makes the following recommendations, amongst others: (i) streamlining the process for determining clearing obligations; (ii) introduction of a mechanism to temporarily suspend the clearing obligation; (iii) removal of the frontloading requirement; (iv) reconfiguration of the exemptions for intragroup transactions; (v) replacement of the current system for equivalence determinations for third country CCPs with a system based on Regulatory Technical Standards which includes powers to deny or suspend the recognition of a third country CCP; (vi) clarification of when new activities and services are not covered by a CCP’s initial authorization; (vii) granting ESMA increased supervisory and enforcement powers over trade repositories; (viii) the identification of quasi-financial entities, for example, hedge funds or some alternative investment funds, to prevent confusion with other non-financial counterparties, such as corporates; (ix) further details on the rules for implementing the counter-cyclical tools adopted by CCPs for margins and collateral; and (x) clarification of the provisions on segregation and portability by RTS.
View the ESMA reports.Topic : Derivatives -
International Organization of Securities Commissions Report on Post-Trade Transparency in Credit Default Swaps Market
08/07/2015
The International Organization of Securities Commissions published its final report on post-trade transparency in the Credit Default Swaps market. The report discusses the impact of mandatory post-trade transparency in the CDS market generally, including the disclosure of price and volume of individual transactions. The report states that member jurisdictions should take further steps, including adopting legislation or implementing other legal powers where necessary, to enhance post-trade transparency in the CDS market.
View the report.Topic : Derivatives -
Mandatory Clearing of OTC Interest Rate Swaps a Step Closer in the EU
08/06/2015
The European Commission announced that it had adopted legislation which, once it comes into force, will make it mandatory to clear certain OTC interest rate swaps through CCPs. The obligation will apply to fixed-to-float IRS, known as plain vanilla IRS derivatives, float-to-float swaps, known as basis swaps, forward rate agreements and overnight index swaps which are denominated in euro, pounds sterling, Japanese yen or US dollars. The legislation is now subject to scrutiny by the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union. Mandatory clearing of these derivatives contracts represents the first mandatory clearing obligation under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. It is expected that the European Securities and Markets Authority will in the near future propose mandatory clearing obligations for other types of OTC derivatives.
View the announcement.
View the Shearman & Sterling client note, "EU Clearing Obligation for Interest Rate Swaps Looms".Topic : Derivatives -
US Securities and Exchange Commission Adopts Final and Proposed Rules for Security-Based Swap Dealers and Major Security-Based Swap Participants
08/05/2015
The US Securities and Exchange Commission adopted final rules under Dodd-Frank providing for the registration of security-based swap dealers and major security-based swap participants. Under the final rules, security-based swap dealers and major security-based swap participants, collectively referred to as SBS Entities, will be granted conditional registration status after filing an application with the SEC and providing certain senior officer certifications, pending the SEC’s review of the application. The SEC will then review the application to either grant ongoing registration or institute proceedings to deny registration to the SBS Entity. The registration process requires the submission by an SBS Entity of information about its business activities, structure and background as well as information about their control affiliates. Although the final rule will become effective 60 days after publication in the Federal Register, the compliance date for the final rules will depend on the timing of implementation of certain other security-based-swap-related final rules.
Additionally, on August 5, 2015, the SEC issued proposed rules, which would provide a process for a registered SBS Entity to apply to the SEC for an order permitting the SBS Entity to continue effecting security-based swaps through an associated person who is subject to a statutory disqualification. The SEC may issue an order granting such relief if it would be consistent with the public interest to permit such a person to be engaged in effecting security-based swaps notwithstanding the statutory disqualification. Comments on the proposed rule are due 60 days after publication in the Federal Register.
View the press release.
Topic : Derivatives -
US Office of the Comptroller of the Currency Issued Guidance Regarding Quantitative Limits on Physical Commodity Transactions
08/04/2015 | http://www.occ.gov/news-issuances/bulletins/2015/bulletin-2015-35.html.
The US Office of the Comptroller of the Currency issued a bulletin clarifying its expectations regarding the extent to which national banks and federal branches or agencies of foreign banks may make or take delivery of a physical commodity to hedge commodity derivatives risks. Among other things, the bulletin includes guidance on the calculation required to determine whether physical hedging activities are a nominal portion of risk management activities. Pursuant to the OCC bulletin, physical hedging positions are considered "nominal" if the bank’s commodity position is no more than 5 percent of the notional value of the bank’s derivatives that: (i) are in that particular commodity; and (ii) allow for physical settlement within 30 days. The guidance also reiterates the OCC’s expectation that a bank, prior to engaging in physical commodity hedging activities, should submit to the OCC a detailed plan for such activities and receive from the OCC a prior written supervisory nonobjection.
View the OCC bulletin.Topic : Derivatives -
International Organization of Securities Commissions Reviews Implementation of Standards for Derivative Market Intermediaries
07/29/2015
The International Organization of Securities Commissions published a report which sets out the findings of its review on the progress by countries in adopting legislation, regulation and policies for derivatives market intermediaries as set out in the IOSCO “International Standards for Derivative Market Intermediary Regulation.” The Standards cover the scope of regulatory reform, registration requirements, capital standards for non-prudentially regulated DMIs, conduct of business standards, business supervision standards and recordkeeping standards. The review found that most jurisdictions are in the process of implementing legal frameworks which cover the same areas as the Standards and recommends that an implementation assessment need not be undertaken before the end of 2016.
View the Report.Topic : Derivatives -
European Systemic Risk Board Makes Recommendations for Review of European Market Infrastructure Regulation
07/28/2015
The European Systemic Risk Board published two reports on issues to be considered in the review of the European Market Infrastructure Regulation which the European Commission is responsible for conducting by August 17, 2015. The first report is on the efficiency of margining requirements to limit pro-cyclicality and the need to define additional intervention capacity in the area, focussing on margins and haircut setting for CCPs because the technical standards on margin for uncleared derivatives are not yet final. The second report considers the wider ambit of EMIR. In the reports, the ESRB makes several recommendations to the European Commission for the improvement of EMIR, including: (i) binding guidance on the three options available to a CCP for taking into account potential pro-cyclicality of margin requirements; (ii) a less flexible framework for calibrating collateral haircuts; (iii) that CCPs should be required to prepare an overall tolerance for pro-cyclicality policy and be subject to more granular transparency requirements for pro-cyclicality; (iv) a further review of EMIR in 2018; (v) a swift process for removal or suspension of mandatory clearing requirements; (vi) the replenishment of default funds and the skin-in-the-game design under EMIR and at an international level; and (vii) broader access rights for national regulators to trade repository data.
View the first report.
View the second report.Topic : Derivatives -
Financial Stability Board Reports on Implementation of OTC Derivative Reforms
07/24/2015
The Financial Stability Board published its ninth report on the implementation of OTC derivatives reforms. The report notes that implementation of the reforms continues to progress but that challenges do still exist. Issues that are being addressed at international level include harmonization of transaction reporting, a framework for uniform trade and product identifiers, coordination on CCP resilience and cross-border regulatory issues. The FSB will continue to monitor and report on implementation of the reforms including the effects thereof.
View the FSB report.Topic : Derivatives -
Agency for the Cooperation of Energy Regulators Approves Third Party Registered Reporting Mechanisms
07/24/2015
The EU Agency for the Cooperation of Energy Regulators has announced that it has approved the first five third-party Registered Reporting Mechanisms under the Regulation on wholesale energy market integrity and transparency, known as REMIT. From October 7, 2015, market participants must report their wholesale energy market transactions admitted to trading at Organized Market Places, including orders to trade, to ACER. Market participants must either be approved by ACER as an RRM or report through a third-party RRM to fulfill the obligation. Further reporting obligations come into effect on April 7, 2016, which will require market participants to report OTC standard and non-standard supply contracts and transportation contracts.
View the announcement.Topic : Derivatives -
EMIR Classification Letter Published by the International Swaps and Derivatives Association
07/13/2015
The International Swaps and Derivatives Association published an "EMIR Classification Letter" and related guidance. The Letter is intended to help counterparties to determine and communicate their classification under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. Under EMIR, the obligations of counterparties to a derivatives transaction are dependent on the classification of each counterparty as either a financial counterparty or a non-financial counterparty. The Letter aims to facilitate that determination by asking a series of questions.
View the Letter and guidance.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Updates Guidebook and Appendices for Part 20 Reports
06/22/2015
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission’s Division of Market Oversight published an updated Guidebook and Appendices for Part 20 Reports, providing guidance and instructions for the submission of large swaps trader reports to the CFTC in accordance with Part 20 of the CFTC regulations. Among other things, the Part 20 Guidebook includes instructions on reporting formats and record layouts for submitting position reports and examples for converting swaps into futures equivalent units as required under Part 20.
View the CFTC Guidebook for Part 20 Reports.Topic : Derivatives -
European Supervisory Authorities Consult Again on Margin for Uncleared Derivatives
06/19/2015
The European Supervisory Authorities published their second consultation on draft regulatory technical standards on risk mitigation techniques for OTC derivatives not cleared by a CCP. Under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation, counterparties to uncleared OTC derivative transactions are required to implement risk mitigation techniques to reduce counterparty credit risk. This second consultation follows the proposals published in April 2014 and seeks to address the issue of how the requirements would impact firms subject to differing requirements across jurisdictions. The second consultation seeks feedback on a narrower set of issues, including: (i) the treatment of non-financial counterparties established outside of the EU; (ii) the timing of calculation, call and delivery of initial and variation margin; (iii) unintended consequences that might arise due to the design or implementation of initial margin models; (iv) the requirements for trading relationship documentation; (v) the treatment of FX mismatch between collateral and OTC derivatives; (vi) whether allowing cash posted as initial margin to be re-invested will alleviate concerns that the ban on rehypothecation would result in a de facto ban of cash as initial margin; (vii) whether replacing the requirement to obtain legal opinions on the segregation of initial margin with a requirement for counterparties to conduct an internal assessment of the reliability and enforceability of agreements in each jurisdiction is sufficient to ease the burden on counterparties; and (viii) the revised regime for units in UCITS as eligible collateral. Responses to the consultation are due by July 10, 2015. The revised international timeline would apply.
View the Consultation paper.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Issues No-Action Relief to International Financial Institutions from Broker and Commodity Trading Advisor Registration
06/05/2015
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission’s Division of Swap Dealer and Intermediary Oversight issued no-action relief from introducing broker and commodity trading advisor registration to persons located outside the US that facilitate swap transactions for International Financial Institutions that have offices in the US. The relief granted by the DSIO is consistent with prior treatment of IFIs, including for purposes of the swap dealer definition and mandatory clearing requirements.
The definition of IFIs, for purposes of the no-action letter and in accordance with prior CFTC policy, is limited to certain specified institutions and organizations, including but not limited to, the International Monetary Fund, the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the International Development Association, among others.
View the CFTC Staff Letter 15-37.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission’s Division of Market Oversight Extends Time-Limited, No-Action Relief for Swap Dealers and Major Swap Participants from Compliance with Reporting Obligations
06/05/2015
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission’s Division of Market Oversight issued a no-action letter (CFTC Staff Letter 15-38) extending time-limited relief to Swap Dealers and Major Swap Participants from the obligation to report valuation data for cleared swaps. The no-action relief applies to (i) all SDs and MSPs that are reporting counterparties under regulation 45.8, for the purposes of section 45.4(b)(2)(ii) of the CFTC’s regulations, and (ii) all cleared swaps for which the SD or MSP has the obligation to report valuation data under section 45.4(b)(2)(ii).
According to the no-action letter, the DMO will not recommend that the CFTC take enforcement action against an SD or MSP for failing to comply with the requirements of the CFTC’s regulation to report valuation data.
Originally expiring on June 30, 2015, in accordance with the time-limited relief provided previously in CFTC Staff Letter 14-90, the no-action letter issued on June 15, 2015, extends the relief until June 30, 2016.
View the press release.
View the CFTC Staff letter 15-38.
View the CFTC Staff letter 14-90.Topic : Derivatives -
European Commission Announces Extension of Exemption from Clearing Obligation for Pension Funds
06/05/2015
The European Commission announced an extension of the exemption from the clearing obligation for pension funds from August 16, 2015 to August 16, 2017. The announcement was accompanied by a draft Commission Regulation which will, once it has come into effect, amend the European Market Infrastructure Regulation to give effect to the extension. The Commission noted that if pension funds were subject to the clearing obligation now, they would need to source cash for the margin requirements of CCPs. The Commission, and other EU regulators, have asked CCPs to develop a solution that would allow pension funds to clear derivatives without the obligation being too burdensome for pension funds but which will also allow CCPs to liquidate positions rapidly in the event of a default. To date, no solution has been confirmed.
View the draft Commission Regulation.Topic : Derivatives -
Extension of Transitional Provisions for Exposures to CCPs Formally Announced
06/04/2015
Following the announcement by the European Commission, that the transitional period for regulatory capital requirements for EU banks’ exposures to CCPs under the EU Capital Requirements Regulation would be extended from June 15, 2015 to December 15, 2015, the Implementing Regulation was published in the Official Journal of the European Union on June 9, 2015. The Implementing Regulation comes into effect on June 12, 2015. The extension is intended to allow further time for CCPs, both from the EU and from non-EU jurisdictions, to become authorized or recognized under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. One of the requirements for recognition of a third country CCP is that the third country’s regime for supervision of CCPs is deemed to be equivalent to that of the regime under EMIR. Equivalence decisions for CCP regimes have only been given for Hong Kong, Singapore, Australia and Japan. Decisions for major jurisdictions, such as the US, are still outstanding. Authorization or recognition under EMIR will give the CCP the status of being a Qualifying CCP, which is relevant for clearing member firms to calculate their capital requirements for exposures to CCPs under the CRR. Lower capital requirements will be imposed for exposures to a QCCP than for exposures to a non-QCCP CCP.
View the Implementing Regulation.
View our client note on third country equivalence under EMIR. -
European Commission Launches Consultation on the Review of the European Market Infrastructure Regulation
05/21/2015
The European Commission published a consultation document on the review of the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. Under EMIR, the European Commission must submit a report, together with any relevant legislative proposals, by August 17, 2015 to the European Parliament and the European Council, both of which will assess: (i) the potential need for measures to facilitate access by CCPs to central bank liquidity facilities; (ii) the systemic importance of transactions of non-financial counterparties in OTC derivatives and the impact of EMIR on such firms; (iii) the supervisory framework for CCPs; (iv) the efficiency of margining requirements to limit procyclicality and the need to define additional intervention capacity in this area; and (v) the development of CCPs’ policies on collateral margining and their adaptation to the specific activities and risk profiles of their users. The Commission intends to focus only on those aspects of EMIR that have already been implemented, leaving out, for example, the obligation to exchange collateral for non-cleared derivatives. The report will also take into account other issues identified in the implementation of EMIR as well as reports submitted by the European Securities and Markets Authority to the European Commission on, for example, the application of the clearing obligation and the application of the segregation requirements. Feedback on the consultation is due by August 13, 2015.
View the consultation paper.Topic : Derivatives -
European Securities and Markets Authority Publishes Opinion on the Composition of CCP Colleges
05/21/2015
The European Securities and Markets Authority published an opinion, dated May 7, 2015, on the composition of CCP colleges under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation following the establishment of the Single Supervisory Mechanism and the European Central Bank assuming direct responsibility for prudential supervision of large banks within the SSM. ESMA’s opinion clarifies which authorities qualify as a college member as well as the voting rights that the ECB will hold as a college member.
View ESMA’s opinion.Topic : Derivatives -
US Regulators Issue the Final Interpretation on Forward Contracts with Embedded Volumetric Optionality
05/12/2015
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission and the US Securities and Exchange Commission, after consultation with the US Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, jointly issued an interpretation concerning forward contracts with embedded volumetric optionality. The interpretation clarifies certain aspects of the original CFTC proposal made in November 2014 and identifies when an agreement, contract or transaction would fall within the forward contract exclusions from the “swap” and “future delivery” definitions in the Commodity Exchange Act, allowing for forward contracts that provide for variations in delivery amount (i.e., contains “embedded volumetric optionality”).
Although the interpretation was issued jointly, it is solely an interpretation of the CFTC and does not apply to the exclusion from the swap and security-based swap definitions for security forwards or to the distinction between security forwards and security futures products.
View the CFTC’s Final Interpretation.
View the ‘Fact Sheet’.Topic : Derivatives -
European Securities and Markets Authority Consults on Expanding the Scope of the Clearing Obligation for Interest Rate Swaps
05/11/2015
The European Securities and Markets Authority launched a consultation on proposed regulatory technical standards on the clearing obligation for additional classes of OTC interest rate derivatives not already included in the first RTS on the clearing obligation for interest rate swaps. The additional classes of OTC interest rate derivatives are those denominated in certain non-G4 European currencies. The additions are: (i) fixed-to-float interest rate swaps denominated in Czech Koruna, Danish Krone, Hungarian Forint, Norwegian Krone, Swedish Krona and Polish Zloty; and (ii) forward rate agreements denominated in Norwegian Krone, Swedish Krona and Polish Zloty. The consultation also includes a summary of the clearing obligation procedure, the structure of the classes of OTC interest rate derivatives and the determination of the classes subject to mandatory clearing. Comments on the proposed RTS should be provided to ESMA by July 15, 2015.
View the consultation paper.Topic : Derivatives -
US and EU Issue Joint Statement on CCP Equivalence Decision
05/07/2015
The European Commission and US Commodity Futures Trading Commission published a statement made jointly by Jonathan Hill, European Commissioner for Financial Stability, Financial Services and Capital Markets Union, and Timothy Massad, CFTC Chairman. Mr Massad and Commissioner Hill discussed a possible European Commission equivalence decision for CCPs regulated and supervised by the CFTC, and the statement reveals that discussions will continue so that an approach may be finalized by summer 2015.
View the statement.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Staff Issues Interpretive Letter to Ford Motor Credit Company
05/04/2015
The CFTC’s Division of Clearing and Risk issued an interpretive letter in response to letters from the Ford Motor Credit Company LLC, among others. The CFTC letter clarifies that a securitization special purpose vehicle wholly-owned by, and consolidated with, an entity as described in Section 2(h)(7)(C)(iii) of the Commodity Exchange Act qualifies as a captive finance company. Captive finance companies, in turn, are eligible to elect the end-user exception from the clearing requirement issued by the CFTC under Section 2(h) of the CEA.
View the press release.Topic : Derivatives -
European Securities and Markets Authority Recognizes Ten Third Country CCPs
04/29/2015
The European Securities and Markets Authority published a list of ten third country central counterparties that have been recognized to offer services in the EU under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. These third country CCPs are established in Australia, Hong Kong, Japan and Singapore, jurisdictions that are deemed by the European Commission to have legal and supervisory provisions for CCPs equivalent to the regime for EU CCPs under EMIR. The ten CCPs are ASX Clear (Futures) Pty Ltd, ASX Clear Pty Ltd, HKFE Clearing Corporation Limited, Hong Kong Securities Clearing Company Limited, OTC Clearing Hong Kong Limited, SEHK Options Clearing House Limited, Japan Securities Clearing Corporation, Tokyo Financial Exchange Inc, Singapore Exchange Derivatives Clearing Limited and The Central Depository (Pte) Limited. The recognized CCPs will be able to provide clearing services to clearing members or trading venues established in the EU and clearing on these CCPs will satisfy the clearing obligation under EMIR.
View the list of third-country CCPs.Topic : Derivatives -
US Securities and Exchange Commission Proposes Rule Regarding Cross-Border Application of Certain Security-Based Swaps Reporting Requirements
04/29/2015Topic : Derivatives
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Commodity Futures Trading Commission Issues Guidance for Swap Execution Facilities on the Calculation of Projected Operating Costs
04/23/2015
The CFTC’s Division of Market Oversight issued guidance to SEFs concerning the calculation of projected operating costs for the purpose of complying with the financial resource requirements under SEF Core Principle 13 and CFTC Regulation 13.1303. This guidance follows two no-action letters providing relief for erroneous swap trades and swap trade confirmations issued on April 22, 2015. The guidance provides that the cost of variable commissions that a voice-based SEF might pay its employee-brokers does not need to be included in a SEF’s calculation of projected operating costs. However, any fixed salaries or compensation payable to the SEF’s employee-brokers must be included in the calculation of projected operating expenses.
View the CFTC guidance to SEFs.Topic : Derivatives -
US and UK Regulators and Authorities Fine Deutsche Bank $2.5 Billion for Failings related to IBOR and LIBOR
04/22/2015
US and UK regulators imposed fines on Deutsche Bank AG for failings related to EURIBOR and LIBOR (collectively known as IBOR) submissions. The CFTC imposed a financial penalty of $800 million, the US Department of Justice imposed a financial penalty of $775 million on DB Group Services (UK) Limited, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Deutsche Bank, which agreed to plead guilty to wire fraud for its role in manipulating LIBOR, the New York Department of Financial Services imposed a fine of $600 million and the UK FCA imposed a fine of £227 million (circa $340 million). The FCA found that Deutsche Bank had breached several regulatory requirements by attempting to manipulate IBOR rates and improperly influence IBOR submissions and for failing to have proper systems and controls in place. The FCA also fined the bank for the failure by its Managers and Senior Managers to deal with it in an open and cooperative way, for misleading the FCA and for not responding to requests for information timeously and effectively.
The CFTC Order stated that from at least 2005 through early 2011, and across currencies, Deutsche Bank’s submitters routinely took into account other Deutsche Bank traders’ derivatives trading positions, as well as their own cash and derivatives trading positions, when making the bank’s IBOR submissions. Furthermore, Deutsche Bank allowed submitters and traders to prioritize profit motives over appropriate submission considerations, permitted a culture of trader self-interest to exist and created conflicts of interest, which allowed the misconduct to occur.
View the FCA notice.
View the CFTC order.
View the New York Department of Financial Services order.
View the US Department of Justice press releaseTopic : Derivatives -
Commodity Futures Trading Commission Issues No Action Letters for Erroneous Swap Trades and Swap Trade Confirmations
04/22/2015
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission’s Division of Market Oversight and the Division of Clearing and Risk issued two no-action letters providing certain time-limited relief to swap execution facilities and designated contract markets. CFTC Staff Letter 15-24 provides time-limited relief from certain CFTC regulations to permit SEFs and DCMs to correct clerical or operational errors that may cause a swap to be rejected for clearing and permits counterparties to resubmit the trade with the correct terms. The no-action letter also permits SEFs and DCMs to correct clerical or operational errors revealed after a swap has been cleared. It allows counterparties to execute a trade to offset the cleared trade and submit a new trade with the correct terms. The relief provided is set to expire on June 15, 2016.
CFTC Staff Letter 15-25 extends the time period for relief previously provided in No-Action Letter 14-108, from September 30, 2015 to March 31, 2016, with certain modifications. This Confirmation No-Action Letter provides relief to SEFs from certain requirements concerning trade confirmations required from SEFs for non-cleared swaps. Specifically, it provides relief to SEFs from the requirement to obtain documents that are incorporated by reference in a trade confirmation issued by a SEF, prior to issuing the confirmation. Additionally, the letter relieves SEFs from the requirement to preserve such documents as records.
View CFTC Staff Letter 15-24.
View CFTC Staff Letter 15-25.Topic : Derivatives -
International Swaps and Derivatives Association Highlights Concerns Over Lack of Harmonization of Trading Obligation Rules
04/01/2015
The International Swaps and Derivatives Association published a document entitled “Path Forward for Centralized Execution of Swaps.” The Path Forward is a set of principles which aim to promote consistency between the regulatory rules adopted by different jurisdictions for the mandatory trading of derivatives on an exchange or electronic trading platform. ISDA is concerned that market fragmentation will continue and increase if US, European and other regulators do not reconcile their requirements. ISDA suggests that the US regulations are inconsistent with its principles and that changes need to be made to the US trade execution rules for a harmonized international regime to be achieved. The principles are: (i) the trading liquidity of a derivatives contract should be determined by reference to specific objective criteria; (ii) derivatives contracts that are subject to the trading obligation should be able to trade on a number of different types of centralized venues; and (iii) trading venues should offer flexible execution mechanisms that take into account the trading liquidity and unique characteristics of a particular category of swap.
View the Path Forward.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Staff Issues No-Action Relief for Swap Dealers Entering into Swaps with Legacy Special Purpose Vehicles
03/31/2015
The CFTC issued no-action relief, subject to specified conditions, to provisionally registered swap dealers from compliance with certain CFTC regulations. The regulations relate to business conduct standards with counterparties and swap trading relationship documentation when entering into swaps with certain special purpose vehicles (“SPVs”) in existence prior to October 10, 2013. Such swaps are referred to as “Legacy SPV Swaps” and the documentation governing the Legacy SPV Swaps are referred to as “Legacy SPV Swap Documentation.” As outlined in the request for the no-action relief, SPVs are entities established for very limited purposes and the permitted activities of SPVs, therefore, are significantly limited through covenants contained in their constitutive documents and transaction agreements. Since they are not operating entities, SPVs rely on third-party service providers to satisfy the SPV’s obligations under the Legacy SPV Swap Documentation and the various structured finance transaction agreements. As the specified CFTC regulations were not contemplated or addressed under the Legacy SPV Swap Documentation and related structured finance transaction agreements, there are consequent legal and practical impediments to third-party service providers taking the steps on behalf of SPVs that may be necessary to comply with the regulatory obligations set forth under the CFTC regulations.
In the no-action relief, the CFTC stated that no enforcement action would be taken against swap dealers for failure to comply with certain CFTC regulations as such regulations may apply to a Legacy SPV Swap.
Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Staff Issues No-Action Position Regarding Timing for Submission of Chief Compliance Officer Annual Reports
03/27/2015
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission issued a no-action letter to futures commission merchants, swap dealers and major swap participants that provides relief from certain requirements under CFTC Regulation 3.3(f). CFTC Regulation 3.3(f) requires FCMs, SDs and MSPs to submit to the CFTC annual reports by Chief Compliance Officers not more than 60 days after the end of their fiscal year. The relief grants FCMs, SDs and MSPs an additional 30 days to provide such annual reports to the CFTC. The relief will remain in effect until the adoption of a rule or rule amendment that modifies the timing requirements of CFTC Regulation 3.3(f)(2) and provides that the CFTC retains the authority to condition further, modify, suspend, terminate, or otherwise restrict the terms of the no-action relief provided, in its discretion.
Topic : Derivatives -
International Organization of Securities Commissions and Basel Committee on Banking Supervision Delay Phase-in Periods for Final Framework for Margin Requirements for Non-centrally Cleared Derivatives
03/18/2015
The International Organization of Securities Commissions and the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision published a revised version of their policy framework regarding minimum standards for margin requirements for non-centrally cleared derivatives. The new framework contains several substantive changes from the previous policy framework published by the Basel Committee and IOSCO in September 2013. The framework consists of key principles aimed to ensure harmonization across jurisdictions. The requirements apply to financial firms and systemically important non-financial entities (“covered entities”), the definitions for which are left to national regulation. The Basel Committee and IOSCO have no power to impose any mandatory requirements on regulatory authorities, but rather serve as a reference for national regulators as they adopt their respective margin regimes. The main revisions pertain to the phase in period for posting and collecting initial margin which has been delayed from December 1, 2015 to September 1, 2016. Additionally, the phase-in period for required variation margin, originally set to begin on December 1, 2015, will now begin on September 1, 2016 for covered entities belonging to a group whose aggregate month-end average notional amount of non-centrally cleared derivatives exceeds €3 trillion and March 1, 2017 for all other covered entities. There has currently been no formal statement from US or EU regulatory authorities regarding delay to implementation.
View the revised policy framework
View the summary of key revisions to the September 2013 policy frameworkTopic : Derivatives -
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Approves Final Rule on Residual Interest Deadline for Futures Commission Merchants
03/17/2015
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission approved a final rule amending CFTC Regulation 1.22 by removing December 31, 2018 as the automatic termination date of the phased-in compliance period for the Residual Interest Deadline for Futures Commission Merchants. Regulation 1.22 concerns the posting of collateral. In the event that a customer’s account has insufficient margin, an FCM must commit its own capital—often referred to as “residual interest” — to make up the difference. Previously, the Residual Interest Deadline was set at 6pm Eastern Standard Time and would automatically occur, without any CFTC action or opportunity for public input. In November 2014, the CFTC proposed to amend the rule so that the Residual Interest Deadline would not occur earlier than 6pm without an affirmative CFTC action and an opportunity for public comment. The current action by the CFTC is to finalize this change.
View the Final RuleTopic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Solicits Public Comment in Response to the US District Court Order Regarding Cross-Border Litigation
03/10/2015
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission requested public comment on the US District Court of DC’s remand order in Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association, et al. v. CFTC (“Cross-Border Litigation”). The CFTC release expands on its consideration of costs and benefits of 10 swaps rules regarding the treatment of overseas swaps subject to the order and requests comment on the application of the costs and benefits of the rules in the context of extraterritoriality. In Cross-Border Litigation, three trade associations challenged the CFTC’s 2013 Interpretive Guidance and Policy Statement Regarding Compliance with Certain Swap Regulations and requested the court to release 14 swap regulations in terms of overseas applications issued in July 2013. On September 16, 2014, the court granted summary judgment in favor of the CFTC and denied the plaintiffs relief; however it required the CFTC to supplement the 10 swaps regulations with a detailed analysis of associated costs and benefits. Comments are due by May 11, 2015.
View the CFTC press release
View the CFTC request for commentTopic : Derivatives -
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Provides Notice of the Reopened Comment Period for its Rulemaking Proposals on Position Limits
03/09/2015
The European Securities and Markets Authority published a revised opinion on its draft RTS on the clearing obligation for interest rate swaps. ESMA has revised its original opinion to take account of the notification it received from the European Commission that the Commission intended to adopt the draft RTS with amendments. The opinion annexes revised RTS which clarify certain points and propose further revisions to the Commission’s amendments, including that: (i) for a period of three years, financial counterparties will be able to apply for the intragroup transaction exemption for their transactions with any third-country entity in the absence of decisions on equivalence; and (ii) the €8 billion clearing obligation threshold applies at individual fund level when the counterparties are UCITS or alternative investment funds.
View the ESMA’s opinionTopic : Derivatives -
ISDA Principles for Derivatives Reporting
02/26/2015
The International Swaps and Derivatives Association published a set of principles for improving regulatory transparency of the global derivatives markets through standardizing, aggregating and sharing data. The principles are: (i) regulatory reporting requirements for derivatives transactions should be harmonized within and across borders; (ii) policy makers should adopt the use of standards to aid improved quality and consistency of compliance with reporting requirements; (iii) market participants and regulators should collaborate to improve consistency in the absence of global standards; (iv) laws and regulations preventing access by authorities to data across borders should be amended or repealed; and (v) reporting progress should be benchmarked to provide incentives to progress reporting.
View the ISDA principlesTopic : Derivatives -
European Securities and Markets Authority Consults on Transparency Requirements for Non-Equity Instruments
02/18/2015
The European Securities and Markets Authority published an addendum consultation paper complementing the transparency section of its previous consultation paper published in December 2014 on the implementation of the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive and Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation. The addendum seeks views on transparency requirements for non-equity instruments not covered in the previously published consultation paper, namely foreign exchange derivatives, credit derivatives, other derivatives and contracts for difference. The draft regulatory technical standards on transparency requirements of bonds, structured finance products, emission allowances and derivatives previously referred to in the December 2014 consultation are completed in this addendum, and therefore the addendum should be read alongside the previously published consultation. MiFID II and MiFIR are applicable from January 3, 2017. The consultation closes on March 20, 2015.
View the consultation paper.Topic : Derivatives -
European Securities & Markets Authority Sets Out Work Plan for Supervision of Trade Repositories
02/16/2015
The European Securities and Markets Authority published its annual report on its supervision of credit rating agencies and trade repositories. In the report, ESMA sets out its work plan for trade repositories for 2015. Trade repositories are authorized and supervised by ESMA under EMIR. ESMA’s 2015 work plan focuses on: (i) monitoring the action and improvement plans of trade repositories, including the data quality action plan; (ii) monitoring system operation and changes deployment; (iii) thematic reviews relating to the inter-TR reconciliation process, business continuity planning and cost relatedness of fees; (iv) trade repository’s systems software development lifecycle; (v) data availability; (vi) regulators’ access to trade repositories; and (vii) confidentiality of trade repository data.
View ESMA's report.Topic : Derivatives -
Securities and Exchange Commission Publishes Final Rules Regarding Security-Based Swap Data Repositories
02/11/2015
The Securities and Exchange Commission published final rules regarding security-based swap data repository registration and security-based swap reporting in accordance with Section 763 and Section 766 of Title VII of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act. The final rules establish (i) a registration process for swap data repositories; and (ii) certain policies and procedures for the reporting and dissemination of security-based swap transactions by registered swap data repositories. The goal of the regulation is to improve transparency in security-based swap reporting and is a part of the overall regulatory agenda to improve transparency in the OTC dervatives markets.
Additionally, the SEC issued two security-based swap proposed rules regarding the physical reporting and public availability of security-based swap data. The SEC also proposed new rules, rule amendments and guidance to Regulation SBSR regarding the reporting duties for cleared and platform-executed security-based swap transactions.
View the final rule on the SEC site.
View the SEC Open Meeting notice.Topic : Derivatives -
Commodity Futures Trading Commission Issues No-Action Relief from Electronic Reporting Requirements in the Ownership & Control Final Rule
02/10/2015
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission issued a no-action letter (“CFTC Letter 15-03”) that provides additional time for reporting parties to comply with certain reporting requirements of the ownership and control final rule (“OCR Final Rule”). CFTC Letter 15-03 letter extends certain relief provided under CFTC Letter No. 14-95, a no-action letter issued July 23, 2014 that extended time-limited no-action relief from certain reporting obligations under the OCR Final Rule. The OCR Final Rule requires the electronic submission of trader identification and market participant data reporting forms. CFTC Letter 15-03 provides time-limited no-action relief for reporting parties from the requirement to file the forms electronically and provide certain additional information required by the OCR Final Rule. The relief is extended to dates ranging from September 30, 2015 to February 13, 2017.
View the CFTC Letter 15-03.Topic : Derivatives -
US Securities and Exchange Commission Proposes Rules for Hedging Disclosure
02/09/2015
The US Securities and Exchange Commission approved the issuance of amendments that would increase corporate disclosure of company hedging policies for directors and employees. The proposed rules, mandated by the Dodd-Frank Act, would require directors, officers and other employees to disclose any hedges or offsetting transactions which would decrease their exposure to equity securities granted by the company as compensation or held, directly or indirectly, by directors or employees.
According to the SEC, the proposed rules, if finalized as proposed, would enhance transparency into corporate governance practices and provides additional information to investors to understand the alignment of employee/directors interests with shareholder interests.
View the proposed rule.Topic : Derivatives -
European Securities & Markets Authority Halts Clearing Obligation for NDFs
02/04/2015
The European Securities and Markets Authority published its Feedback Statement on its consultation on the clearing obligation for non-deliverable forwards. ESMA confirmed that it has decided against moving forward, at this time, with mandatory clearing requirements for NDFs following the concerns raised by industry participants during the consultation which include: (i) the timing of entry into force of the proposed clearing obligation particularly when participants are currently dealing with implementing processes for compliance with the clearing obligation for interest rate swaps and credit default swaps; (ii) that only one EU CCP is authorized to clear NDFs; (iii) the lack of experience globally of NDF clearing; (iv) the importance of international consistency in implementation of the proposed clearing obligation; and (v) the lack of a consistent definition for FX derivatives across the EU. ESMA originally proposed regulatory technical standards for clearing NDFs with an implementation schedule beginning in Q4 2015. ESMA is of the view that more time is needed to properly consider those concerns, but stressed that its current position did not exclude the possibility of it proposing a clearing obligation for NDFs in future.
View ESMAs feedback statement.Topic : Derivatives -
European Commission Intends to Extend Exemption Period from the Clearing Obligation under EMIR for Pension Schemes
02/03/2015
The European Commission published a report on the progress made by CCPs in developing technical solutions for the transfer by pension schemes of non-cash collateral as variation margin. Under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation pension schemes that meet certain requirements are exempt from the clearing obligation for a temporary period. The exemption was included in EMIR to provide CCPs with time to develop solutions for the transfer of non-cash collateral by pension schemes to meet variation margin calls. CCPs require highly liquid collateral, mostly cash, as variation margin, but pension schemes are not set up to hold large amounts of cash and would have to amend their business model at high costs to do so. The exemption period may be extended under EMIR to provide CCPs with further time to develop solutions. The Commission’s report assesses the progress made by CCPs to develop solutions and concludes that not enough progress has been made and that imposing the clearing obligation on pension schemes would adversely effect the retirement benefits of future pensioners. The Commission therefore intends to extend the exemption period for a further two years by adopting a Delegated Act.
View the Commission's report.Topic : Derivatives -
Opinion on Draft RTS on Clearing Obligation for Interest Rate Swaps under EMIR
01/30/2015
The European Securities and Markets Authority published an Opinion on the draft of Regulatory Technical Standards on the clearing obligation for itnerest rate swaps under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. The draft RTS specify details such as the class of OTC derivatives that should be subject to the clearing obligation and the dates from which the clearing obligation takes effect. ESMA’s Opinion follows on from the Commission’s recent communication to ESMA of its intention to endorse the draft RTS with amendments. The amendments proposed by the Commission include postponing the starting date of the frontloading requirement (which is the obligation to clear OTC derivative contracts after a central counterparty has been authorized under EMIR and before the date of application of the clearing obligation), clarifying the calculation of the threshold for investment funds and excluding non-EU intragroup transactions from the clearing obligation. In the Opinion, ESMA addresses the changes made by the Commission to the RTS and, in articular, states that the processes that would exempt non-EU intragroup transactions from the clearing obligation are not appropriate. ESMA states that it can provide technical advice on the issue if requested, so that an alternative solution can be found and delays to the implementation of the clearing obligation can be avoided.
View the Opinion.Topic : Derivatives -
International Organization of Securities Commissions’ Final Report on Risk Mitigation Standards for Non-Centrally Cleared OTC Derivatives
01/28/2015
The International Organization of Securities Commissions published its final report on risk mitigation standards for non-centrally cleared OTC derivatives, setting out nine standards to help strengthen the non-centrally cleared OTC derivatives market. The standards include risk mitigation techniques relating to trade confirmation, valuation with counterparties, dispute resolution and cross-border transactions, and aim, amongst other issues, to enhance legal certainty over the terms of non-centrally cleared OTC derivatives transactions and shorten the amount of time it may take to resolve disputes.
View the final report.Topic : Derivatives -
US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Issues No-Action Relief to Introducing Brokers
01/23/2015
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission ("CFTC") issued no-action relief for CFTC Regulations 1.10 and 1.17, respectively. The relief pertains to certain introducing brokers ("IB") regarding net capital and financial reporting requirements. The no-action relief allows foreign-domiciled IBs to file audited and unaudited form 1-FR-IBs, utilizing local accounting principles in effect where the IB is located in lieu of US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles or International Financial Reporting Standards.
View the CFTC Staff Letter.Topic : Derivatives -
Memorandum of Understanding between European Securities and Markets Authority and Hong Kong Securities and Futures Commission
01/16/2015
The European Securities and Markets Authority published the Memorandum of Understanding it entered into with the Hong Kong Securities and Futures Commission on December 19, 2014. The MoU was established further to the European Markets Infrastructure Regulation, under which ESMA is required to set out cooperation arrangements between ESMA and non-EU authorities whose legal and supervisory framework for CCPs are deemed to be equivalent to the European requirements. The MoU provides ESMA with the tools to monitor the ongoing compliance of CCPs with the recognition conditions under EMIR and deals with topics such as requests for information, on-site inspections and confidentiality. The MoU is effective from December 19, 2014.
View the MoU.Topic : Derivatives -
US Securities and Exchange Commission Adopts Final Rules Concerning Security-Based Swap Data Repositories
01/14/2015
The US Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") adopted final rules regarding security-based swap data repository ("SDR") registration, duties and core principles in accordance with Title VII of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act ("Dodd-Frank Act"), which authorizes the SEC to regulate security-based swaps and to take steps to encourage accountability and transparency in this market. Adopted under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the final rule establishes a registration process for SDRs and requires SDRs to comply with certain duties and core principles regarding maintaining data and when and how a repository’s data could be accessed. It also establishes a requirement for SDRs to have a Chief Compliance Officer and other governance requirements. The SEC’s rules require all swaps to be reported within twenty-four hours until more study is done to refine the timing.
View the press release on the FDIC website.
View the related SEC Open Meeting Agenda.Topic : Derivatives -
European Securities and Markets Authority Report on Central Counterparties Colleges under European Market Infrastructure Regulation
01/08/2015
The European Securities and Markets Authority issued a report on its involvement with the supervisory colleges established under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation for the authorization and supervision of EU-based central counterparties. Supervisory colleges are the channels through which information between home and host authorities is exchanged and through which supervisory activity is coordinated. ESMA is required under EMIR to maintain a coordinating role between national regulators and colleges so as to encourage consistent supervisory practices.
View the report.Topic : Derivatives -
Commodity Futures Trading Commission Provides Notice and Clarification of the Reopened Comment Period
01/05/2015
Pursuant to a notice published in the Federal Register on January 5, 2015, the US Commodity Futures Trading Commission reopened the comment period, and issued a clarification regarding the reopened comment periods, for two position limit rulemakings. On December 9, 2014, the CFTC Agricultural Advisory Committee convened to discuss, among other things, deliverable supply exemptions for hedging positions. To allow commenters enough time to respond to questions raised at the meeting, the CFTC extended the comment periods for an additional 45 days. The CFTC clarified that, in addition to commenting on agenda issues pertaining to agricultural commodities, comments may also include the issues raised at the meeting or in the associated materials posted to the CFTC’s website. The comment period closes January 22, 2015.
View the CFTC press release.Topic : Derivatives