The U.K.'s Swiss share trading obligation equivalence decision has entered into force. The equivalence decision has been made under the U.K.'s Markets in Financial Instruments (Switzerland Equivalence) Regulations 2021, which came into force on February 3, 2021, and means that U.K. investment firms will be able to comply with the share trading obligation under the U.K. Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation by trading shares on BX Swiss AG and SIX Swiss Exchange AG. 

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The European Securities and Markets Authority has written to the European Commission proposing a series of amendments to the European Long-Term Investment Funds Regulation. ESMA's letter comes in response to the Commission's consultation on the efficacy of the ELTIF Regulation, which was designed to increase long-term investments in the real economy (e.g. infrastructure projects, real estate and listed and unlisted small and medium-sized enterprises). The consultation was launched in October 2020 and was designed to analyze why the ELTIF market has not developed to a large scale and how well it is contributing to the integration of European capital markets and smart, sustainable growth within the EU.

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The Council of the European Union has announced that it has adopted the final text of the regulation to address LIBOR cessation, which will amend the EU Benchmark Regulation. According to the Council, the amending Regulation will be published in the Official Journal of the European Union on February 12, 2021 and it will enter into force and apply from February 13, 2021.

The EU Benchmark Regulation sets out the authorization and registration requirements for benchmark administrators, including third-country entities, and the requirements for governance and control of administrators. It provides for different categories of benchmarks depending on the risks involved, imposes additional requirements on benchmarks considered to be "critical" and gives powers to national regulators to mandate, under certain conditions, contributions to or the administration of critical benchmarks.

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The European Commission has published a call for advice on digital finance and related issues from the three European Supervisory Authorities (the European Securities and Markets Authority, the European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority and the European Banking Authority). The call for advice is in line with the Commission's 2020 digital finance strategy, which set out the Commission's intention to review existing financial services frameworks to protect consumers and the integrity of EU financial sectors.

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HM Treasury has published its terms of reference for a review of the operation of ring-fencing legislation and banks' proprietary trading activities in the U.K. The Treasury is required to conduct each review under the Financial Services (Banking Reform) Act 2013. The FS(BR)A introduced reforms based on recommendations made by the Independent Commission on Banking that was established in the wake of the 2008 financial crisis. The U.K. ring-fencing laws require U.K. banks which hold more than £25 billion in core deposits and banking groups whose members hold an average core deposit of more than £25 billion to separate their core retail banking business from their investment banking business. Restrictions limit the products that a ring-fenced bank can offer and where it can conduct business. Restrictions on proprietary trading (being the trading of financial instruments or commodities as principal by banks or investment firms) were introduced for ring-fenced retail banks and came into force in January 2019. The U.K. decided not to impose a complete ban on proprietary trading for all banks, as had been seen in other countries, such as the U.S. under the Volcker Rule. Among the purposes of this legislation is an attempt to limit taxpayer liability for bank bail-outs in future financial crises.

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The European Securities and Markets Authority has published a final report and final draft Implementing Technical Standards setting out the forms, templates and procedures that national regulators should use to publish information on their websites to facilitate cross-border distribution of funds. The Regulation on facilitating cross-border distribution of funds aims to increase transparency on the rules and procedures applicable to cross-border marketing of investment funds and regulatory fees and charges levied by national regulators. It was brought in at the same time amendments were made to the Directive on Undertakings for Collective Investment in Transferable Securities and the Alternative Investment Fund Managers Directive through an amending Directive. Member states are required to transpose the amending Directive into national laws by, and apply those laws from, August 2, 2021. Certain provisions of the Regulation applied directly across the EU from August 1, 2019, while the remaining provisions will apply from August 2, 2021.

The Regulation requires ESMA to draft Implementing Technical Standards on the standard forms, templates and procedures that national regulators should use to publish information on their websites that will facilitate the cross-border distribution of funds. The information must cover:

• the national laws, regulations and provisions on marketing requirements for Alternative Investment Funds and UCITS; and
• the regulatory fees and charges applied by the national regulator for the activities of AIFMs, UCITS management companies and managers of European Venture Capital Fund and European social entrepreneurship funds.

The final draft ITS have been submitted to the European Commission for consideration.

View the final report and final draft ITS.

The European Securities and Markets Authority has published its final report on proposed supervisory fees for EU benchmark administrators. In 2019, the EU Benchmarks Regulation was amended, granting ESMA new powers to act as competent authority for EU administrators of critical benchmarks and third-country benchmark administrators that have been recognized by ESMA from January 1, 2022. Before these amendments take effect, third-country benchmark administrators may seek recognition from a national regulator of an EU member state. Both the current and new provisions only apply in the absence of an equivalence decision for the relevant third-country where the benchmark administrator is located. The recognition allows EU supervised entities to use the benchmark, for example in financial contracts. The amendments require ESMA to charge fees to the administrators under its supervision. The European Commission tasked ESMA with producing technical standards on those fees.

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The European Securities and Markets Authority has announced that during 2021 it will be conducting a common supervisory action with national competent authorities on the product governance rules under the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive. The product governance requirements require firms which manufacture and distribute financial instruments and structured deposits to act in their clients' best interests during all the stages of the life-cycle of products or services. The CSA will assess the progress of compliance with the requirements by manufacturers and distributors of financial products.

ESMA conducts CSAs to promote the convergence of application of EU rules across the EU. Following a CSA into the MiFID II appropriateness requirements, ESMA is considering introducing guidelines to promote further harmonization.

View ESMA's announcement.

View details of ESMA's proposed guidelines on appropriateness.

Following a request from the European Commission for technical advice on revising the rules on the calculation and payment of fees, the European Securities and Markets Authority has opened a consultation on proposed fees charged to credit rating agencies by it. Responses to the consultation may be submitted until March 15, 2021. ESMA is due to submit its final technical advice to the Commission by the end of June 2021.

The EU CRA Regulation provides that ESMA shall charge fees to CRAs to cover ESMA's costs relating to the registration, certification and supervision of CRAs. The different types of supervisory fees payable, the amount of fees payable, the modalities of payment and the reimbursement of fees to national competent authorities are set out in Commission Delegated Regulation 272/2012. ESMA is seeking feedback on its proposals, the key ones of which are to charge a single registration fee of €45,000 and annual supervisory fees of €20,000 to registered CRAs with annual revenues between €1 million and €10 million. In addition, ESMA is proposing an annual endorsement fee of €20,000 to all CRAs endorsing credit ratings for use in the EU and annual fees for all certified CRAs.

View ESMA's consultation paper.

The European Securities and Markets Authority has opened a consultation on proposed guidelines on the appropriateness and execution-only requirements under the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive. The appropriateness requirements under MiFID II require investment firms providing investment advice to assess a potential client's knowledge and experience in the investment field to ascertain whether a particular service or product is appropriate for the client. There are exemptions from these requirements under the execution-only framework, subject to certain conditions being met. Responses to the consultation may be submitted until April 29, 2021. ESMA is aiming to issue the final guidelines in Q3 2021.

ESMA is proposing these new guidelines to enhance convergence across the EU on the application of these requirements. The common supervisory action conducted in the second half of 2019, as well as other supervisory interactions, revealed that firms have different understandings of the appropriateness and execution-only requirements and that Member States apply them differently. The proposed guidelines will apply in full to all investment firms providing non-advised services, regardless of the means of interaction with clients.

View ESMA's consultation on proposed guidelines on the appropriateness and execution-only requirements under MiFID II.

An EU equivalence decision for U.S. CCPs regulated by the U.S. Securities Exchange Commission that are "covered clearing agencies" under the SEC rules has been published in the Official Journal of the European Union. The decision paves the way for these U.S. CCPs to be recognized by the European Securities and Markets Authority upon which they will be able to provide clearing services to EU trading venues and businesses. Relevant U.S. CCPs that potentially would be covered by this designation but which were not previously granted equivalence include the Fixed Income Clearing Corporation, National Securities Clearing Corporation, The Depository Trust Company and The Options Clearing Corporation. ICE Clear Credit LLC also registered with the SEC, however, this CCP already benefits from EU equivalence as it falls within the previous EU equivalence decision for U.S. CCPs regulated by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission. ICE Clear Europe, which was an EU CCP until Brexit, is also recognized under the EU's temporary equivalence for U.K. CCPs. LCH SA is also registered with the SEC, but is an EU CCP and so the equivalence regime is not applicable to it.

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The U.K. Financial Conduct Authority has launched a consultation on proposed changes to the U.K. Regulatory Technical Standards on secure customer authentication and common and secure methods of communication and on proposed payments-related amendments to the Perimeter Guidance Manual and the FCA Payment Services and Electronic Money Approach Document. The proposals are relevant for payment service providers, e-money issuers, payment institutions, e-money institutions and registered account information service providers (AISPs). Responses to the consultation may be submitted until February 24, 2021, for issues relevant to contactless payments, and until April 30, 2021 for the remaining proposals.

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EU Regulatory Technical Standards postponing the implementation deadline of the settlement discipline regime under the Central Securities Depositories Regulation have been published in the Official Journal of the European Union. The RTS delay the application date of the settlement discipline rules from February 1, 2021 to February 1, 2022, by amending the existing RTS (Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2018/1229). The settlement regime was originally due to apply from September 13, 2020. However, that date was changed to February 1, 2021, amid calls from industry associations and other stakeholders to delay the application date so that systems, procedures and measures could be put in place. The latest delay arises from the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the financial services industry. The RTS cover measures for preventing settlement fails through automated matching, a hold and release mechanism and partial settlement. The RTS also provide measures for monitoring and addressing settlement fails, such as a mechanism for cash penalties and a buy-in process.

View the amending Delegated Regulation.

The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision has launched a consultation on two proposed technical amendments to the Basel II Framework rules on minimum haircut floors for securities financing transactions. The proposals aim to address an interpretative issue relating to collateral upgrade transactions and correct a misstatement of the formula used to calculate haircut floors for netting sets of SFTs. Responses to the consultation may be submitted until March 31, 2021.

View the consultation paper.

View details of the FSB's delay to the framework for minimum haircuts for uncleared SFTs.

HM Treasury has launched a consultation on a series of proposed reforms to the U.K.'s funds regime, as part of the U.K. Government's plans to make the U.K. a more attractive location for asset management. Responses to the consultation should be submitted by April 20, 2021.

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The EU Regulation on the recovery and resolution of CCPs has been published in the Official Journal of the European Union. The Regulation sets out the rules and procedures for the recovery and resolution of EU CCPs authorized under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. The aim of the Regulation is the establishment of a framework for the orderly recovery of a CCP through implementation of recovery plans. A CCP's recovery plan will form part of its operational rules, which are agreed with its clearing members. A CCP's operating rules must also ensure the enforceability of the recovery measures outlined in the recovery plan, including to contracts or assets governed by the law of a third country or to third-country entities.

If the recovery measures do not restore the CCP's viability, the CCP's resolution authority will have the power to take action to ensure the continuity of the CCP's critical functions and, if needed, resolve the CCP. This includes setting up bridge CCPs. In the event of losses arising under a resolution, these will be borne by a CCP's owners, creditors and counterparties in line with the hierarchy of claims in insolvency. The CCP recovery and resolution framework would apply to all CCPs established in the EU. It is not proposed that the recovery and resolution framework would apply to the wider group of a CCP.

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The European Commission has published for consultation draft equivalence decisions for six countries relating to the risk mitigation requirements for non-centrally cleared OTC derivatives under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. EMIR requires counterparties to non-centrally cleared derivatives to comply with requirements on timely confirmation, portfolio compression, procedures for reconciliation of disputes and the exchange of collateral, collectively known as the risk mitigation techniques. The European Commission is empowered to adopt an equivalence decision declaring that the requirements of a third country are equivalent to the EMIR requirements on risk mitigation. To date, only the U.S. and Japan benefit from such decisions, both limited in scope. Each of the draft decisions for each country are detailed further below.

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The European Securities and Markets Authority has issued a statement reminding firms of the rules on reverse solicitation under the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive and Regulation. MiFID II provides that EU retail or professional clients may reach outside the EU and acquire services and products from non-EU investment banks (known as "reverse solicitation") and that in these circumstances the third-country firm is exempt from the requirement to establish an EU branch. ESMA has issued the statement following what it describes as "questionable practices" materializing following the end of the Brexit transition period, where firms have purported to opt clients into "reverse solicitation" through either generic terms and conditions amendments or click-through "I agree" boxes online. It is clear from this guidance that ESMA's view is that more is needed than this to invoke the reverse solicitation regime. Notably, the ESMA report does not criticise more robust reverse solicitation protocols that are currently being seen in the market, such as a termination notice by the U.K. service provider of the existing agreement, sometimes with a covering note that the client could at its initiative reach out afresh to request entry into of a new agreement should it so desire.

View ESMA's statement on reverse solicitation.

You may like to view our client note, "On the Existence of a Pan-European Reverse Solicitation Regime Under MiFID II, and its Importance on a 'Hard' Brexit".

 

U.K. legislation has been made granting equivalence to Swiss exchanges under the U.K.'s Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation. The Markets in Financial Instruments (Switzerland Equivalence) Regulations 2021, which enter into force on February 3, 2021, grant equivalence to two Swiss exchanges - BX Swiss AG and SIX Swiss Exchange AG. U.K. MiFIR requires U.K. investment firms to ensure that the trades they undertake in shares admitted to trading on a regulated market or traded on a trading venue take place on a regulated market, multilateral trading facility, systematic internaliser or equivalent third-country trading venue. U.K. investment firms will be able to comply with the U.K. MiFIR share trading obligation by trading shares on these Swiss exchanges.

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The U.K. Prudential Regulation Authority has launched a consultation on its proposed approach to supervising international banks. The proposals cover the U.K. activities of PRA-authorized banks and designated investment firms that are headquartered outside of the U.K. or are part of a group based outside of the U.K., including those firms operating in the U.K. through a branch. Responses to the consultation may be submitted until April 11, 2021. Implementation of the final policy is expected to occur in Q2 2021, except for those EEA firms that are in the Temporary Permissions Regime which are expected to meet the expectations "as soon as reasonably practicable" and at least by the time the firm is authorized and exits the TPR.

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HM Treasury has opened a consultation on the proposed U.K. approach to crypto-assets and stablecoins, in particular a proposal to bring stablecoins into the U.K. regulatory perimeter. Responses to the consultation may be submitted until March 21, 2021. The government will consider the responses to the consultation and publish a response with further details on how the approach would be implemented in law. If the policy approach is followed, the regulators would consult further on rules for firms.

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The U.K. Prudential Regulation Authority has published its final Policy Statement setting out the final rules for implementing CRD V in the U.K. The Policy Statement confirms the final rules set out in the PRA's near-final Policy Statement, published on December 9, 2020. The Policy Statement also confirms the PRA's proposed approach to enforcing compliance with consolidated prudential requirements for U.K. banking consolidation groups, as proposed in the PRA's consultation paper published on December 9, 2020. The Supervisory Statements and Statements of Policy attached to the Policy Statement should be read together with the PRA's Supervisory Statement, "Non-binding PRA materials: The PRA's approach after the UK's withdrawal from the EU", for guidance on how to interpret the materials after the end of the transition period.

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The European Banking Authority has published a final report and final draft Regulatory Technical Standards and Implementing Technical Standards on the impracticability of contractual recognition of write-down and conversion (i.e., bail-in) under the EU Bank Recovery and Resolution Directive. BRRD requires certain firms to include contractual recognition of bail-in in their contractual agreements covering particular liabilities which are governed by the law of a third country. This is now a more significant issue than previously, given the prevalence of English law contractual documentation in European financial markets, including following Brexit. A new exemption to the contractual bail-in requirement was introduced under BRRD 2 (which EU member states must apply through national laws from December 28, 2020) where firms consider that it is legally or otherwise impracticable to include the contractual recognition. Liabilities subject to this waiver cannot count towards MREL, must be senior to unsecured claims arising from certain debt instruments and firms intending to take advantage of the exemption should notify their resolution authority.

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The International Organization of Securities Commissions has published a report on how regulators can inform retail investors about the risks and characteristics of crypto-assets. The report sets out the potential risks to retail investors, such as lack of market liquidity, volatility, partial or total loss of the invested amount, insufficient information disclosure and fraud. It then goes on to provide guidance on how regulators can develop educational content on crypto-assets and inform the public about unauthorized firms, the various communication channels available to inform the public and how partnerships might be forged to develop and distribute educational content.

View IOSCO's report on investor education of crypto-assets. 

The U.K. Financial Conduct Authority has published a policy statement introducing a new rule and guidance on climate-related disclosures for commercial companies with a U.K. premium listing.

The new rule, which will apply for accounting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2021, will require premium-listed commercial companies to state in their annual reports whether they have made disclosures consistent with the recommendations of the Taskforce on Climate-related Financial Disclosures and, if they have not done so, explain why that is the case. The first financial reports containing these disclosures are expected to be published in Spring 2022.

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The European Securities and Markets Authority has published guidelines on the reporting obligations under the EU Securities Financing Transactions Regulation. SFTs involve the use of securities to borrow cash or other higher investment-grade securities, or vice versa. Such transactions can include repurchase transactions, securities lending and sell/buy backs. The reporting obligation applies from January 11, 2021 for Non-Financial Counterparties. It has applied since July 13, 2020 for banks and investment firms (delayed from April 13, 2020 due to COVID-19), CCPs and central securities depositories and from October 12, 2020 for other Financial Counterparties.

The guidelines will apply to counterparties to SFTs, trade repositories and relevant EU financial regulators from the day after publication or the day from which the relevant obligation applies.

The guidelines cover:

• the reporting start date when it falls on a non-working day;
• the number of reportable SFTs;
• the population of reporting fields for different types of SFTs, for margin data and for reuse, reinvestment and funding sources data;
• the approach used to link SFT collateral with SFT loans;
• the generation of feedback by trade repositories and its subsequent management by counterparties, in the case of rejection of reported data and reconciliation breaks; and
• the provision of access to data to authorities by trade repositories.

View the guidelines on reporting under SFTR.

View details of the delays to SFTR reporting due to COVID-19.

The Bank of England has published a Discussion Paper on its approach to setting the minimum requirement for own funds and eligible liabilities for relevant U.K. financial institutions. MREL is a minimum requirement for firms to maintain equity and eligible debt liabilities that can bear losses before and in resolution. The requirement applies to all U.K. banks, building societies and certain investment firms supervised by the U.K. Prudential Regulation Authority or Financial Conduct Authority, to financial or mixed financial holding parent companies of those firms, and to PRA or FCA-authorized financial institutions that are subsidiaries of those firms or parent companies. The U.K. first implemented interim MREL requirements (which were lower than the full, “end-state” MREL requirements) in 2016 in line with the EU’s Bank Recovery and Resolution Directive. The U.K.’s MREL policy was updated in 2018 and in June 2018 the BoE announced that it would review MREL calibration before final “end-state” MRELs were set. The Discussion Paper forms the first part of the BoE’s review.

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The Bank of England has extended until January 1, 2023 the deadlines for “mid-tier” banks to comply with: (i) end-state minimum requirements for own funds and eligible liabilities; and (ii) resolvability assessment framework requirements. “Mid-tier” banks are those that do not qualify as global systemically important banks (as identified by the Financial Stability Board) or domestic systemically important banks (i.e. those that are subject to the U.K. Prudential Regulation Authority’s leverage ratio requirement or are designated as other systemically important institutions by the PRA and have a resolution entity in the U.K.). The term also includes U.K. material subsidiaries of such firms and certain U.K. subsidiaries of overseas groups for which the BoE has set internal MREL in excess of minimum capital requirements.

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The European Securities and Markets Authority has renewed its decision requiring holders of net short positions in shares traded on an EU-regulated market to notify national regulators if the position reaches or exceeds 0.1% of issued share capital. ESMA originally introduced the requirement on March 16, 2020 for a period of three months and has extended it twice since then. This latest extension will apply the requirements from December 19, 2020 until March 19, 2021. The temporary transparency obligations are a response to perceived threats to market integrity arising from the COVID-19 pandemic. They apply to any natural or legal person, irrespective of their country of residence, but do not apply to shares admitted to trading on a regulated market where the principal venue for the trading of the shares is located in a third country, market making activities, or stabilization activities.

The European Free Trade Association's Surveillance Authority published a decision on the same day renewing its decision imposing the same transparency obligations for shares admitted to trading on an EEA regulated market. The renewed requirements also apply from December 19, 2020 until March 19, 2021.

View ESMA's decision.

View the EFTA decision.

HM Treasury has published a supplementary annex to its consultation on the U.K. Government's proposed Special Administration Regime for payment institutions and electronic money institutions. The SAR would address shortcomings of the existing insolvency regime for PIs and EMIs and would apply alongside Part 24 of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000, which would also be extended to apply in full to PIs and EMIs.

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The European Commission and High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy have published details of a new EU Cybersecurity strategy, which aims to enhance the EU's resilience to cyber threats and build a cybersecure digital transformation. The overall strategy is set out in a Communication, which is accompanied by two legislative proposals. The first legislative proposal is for a new EU Directive on the resilience of critical entities (the proposed CER Directive), which will enhance and repeal the existing 2008 European Critical Infrastructure Directive (Council Directive 2008/114/EC). The second proposal is for a new Directive on cybersecurity across the EU (NIS2), which would augment and repeal the existing NIS Directive (Directive (EU) 2016/1148). The Commission consulted earlier this year on proposals for each of these legislative proposals.

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The U.K. Financial Conduct Authority has established a temporary registration regime for crypto-asset businesses that were operating in the U.K. prior to January 10, 2020. The regime will allow crypto-asset firms to continue providing services in the U.K., notwithstanding that they have not yet been registered with the FCA.

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HM Treasury has launched a call for evidence on the U.K.'s framework for cross-border financial services. HM Treasury is considering policy approaches for ensuring the U.K. framework is fit for the future given the U.K.'s exit from the EU, including consideration of how effective and proportionate regulation can support attracting investment and liquidity to the U.K. Responses to the consultation may be submitted until March 11, 2021.

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Following the discussion paper published earlier this year, the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority has launched its first consultation on the new U.K. Investment Firms Prudential Regime. The IFPR is a new prudential regime for U.K. firms authorized under the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive, which it is proposed will be introduced from January 1, 2022, subject to the progress of the Financial Services Bill. The IFPR is intended to simplify the prudential requirements applicable to solo-regulated U.K. investment firms. It will not apply to the larger investment firms that will remain dually regulated, that is, prudentially regulated by the Prudential Regulation Authority and regulated by the FCA for all other aspects. The consultation closes on February 5, 2021.

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The European Securities and Markets Authority has announced that Euroclear UK & Ireland Limited, a central securities depository established in the U.K., will be granted recognition under the EU CSD Regulation. The recognition will allow Euroclear UK & Ireland Limited to continue to provide certain services to EU customers after the end of the Brexit transitional period until at least June 30, 2021. ESMA's recognition decision follows the November 2020 temporary equivalence decision granted to U.K. CSDs.

View ESMA's announcement.

View details of the EU's equivalence decision for U.K. CSDs.

The U.K. Financial Conduct Authority has made permanent its temporary ban on the marketing of speculative illiquid securities to retail investors. A temporary product intervention measure was introduced on January 1, 2020 for a period of one year while the FCA consulted on making the ban permanent. The measure restricted the mass-marketing of non-transferable bonds (sometimes colloquially termed "mini-bonds") and preference shares to retail investors and required improved disclosure to be made to high-net-worth and sophisticated investors.

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The U.K. Prudential Regulation Authority has published a policy statement setting out responses to its consultations on the U.K. implementation of CRD V, as well as its near-final policy material. The final rule instruments will be published in time for the December 28, 2020 deadline for implementation of CRD V. The policy statement is relevant to U.K. banks, building societies, PRA-designated investment firms and U.K. financial holding companies and mixed financial holding companies.

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The U.K. Prudential Regulation Authority has launched a consultation on which bank entities should be responsible for ensuring compliance with consolidated prudential requirements for U.K. banking consolidation groups for a transitional period between December 28, 2020 and the date on which the relevant group's parent holding company is approved or declared exempt from the requirements under the PRA's approval regime.

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The European Commission has launched a consultation on proposals to improve securities settlement in the EU and on central securities depositories. The EU Central Securities Depositaries Regulation provides a harmonized regulatory and prudential regime for CSDs and increases the robustness and resilience of securities settlement arrangements. There is a single market for CSD services across the EU and a third-country equivalence regime for CSDs. Responses to the consultation can be submitted until February 2, 2021.

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The European Supervisory Authorities have issued a press release warning of the change in the status of "simple, transparent and standardized" securitization transactions at the end of the Brexit transition period on December 31, 2020. The Securitization Regulation provides the criteria for identifying which securitizations will be designated as STS securitizations, a system to monitor the application of those criteria as well as common requirements on risk retention, due diligence and disclosure. Related amendments to the EU Capital Requirements Regulation set out the regulatory treatment of exposures to securitizations that are deemed to be STS securitizations. For a securitization to qualify as an STS securitization, the EU Securitization Regulation requires the originator, sponsor and securitization special purpose entity to be established in the EU. The ESA's announcement highlights that securitizations that currently meet the STS criteria may not do so from January 1, 2021, if one or more of the originator, sponsor or SSPE are established in the U.K. The loss of STS status will mean that the EU CRR preferential capital treatment is no longer available.

The European Securities and Markets Authority will be working with EU national regulators to ensure that its database of STS securitizations is up to date as at January 1, 2021.

View the ESA's press release.

HM Treasury has launched a consultation on the U.K. Government's proposed Special Administration Regime for payment institutions and electronic money institutions that fall within the scope of the Payment Services Regulations 2017 and the Electronic Money Regulations 2011. The SAR would address shortcomings of the existing insolvency regime for PIs and EMIs and would apply alongside Part 24 of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000, which would also be extended to apply in full to PIs and EMIs. Responses to the consultation should be submitted by January 14, 2021.

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The European Central Bank is consulting on revisions to the Regulation on oversight requirements for systemically important payment systems (known as the SIPS Regulation). The SIPS Regulation applies to systemically important large-value and retail payment systems. The Regulation is designed to improve the safety and efficiency of those payment systems.

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An EU equivalence decision has been published in the Official Journal of the European Union granting temporary equivalence for U.K. central securities depositories from the end of the Brexit transitional period (on December 31, 2020). The equivalence decision applies to CSDs already established in the U.K. and will apply from January 1, 2021 until June 30, 2021.

View the EU equivalence decision for U.K. CSDs.

The European Securities and Markets Authority has confirmed its position, originally proposed in March 2019, that the derivatives trading obligation under the EU Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation will continue to apply without changes, and as things stand without any U.K. equivalency, after the end of the Brexit transition period on December 31, 2020.

The derivatives trading obligation requires EU investment firms to conclude transactions in certain derivatives on EU regulated markets, multilateral trading facilities, organized trading facilities or third-country venues in jurisdictions benefiting from an EU equivalence decision. The trading obligation applies to certain fixed-to-float interest rate swaps denominated in EUR, USD and GBP and to certain index credit default swaps (iTraxx Europe Main and iTraxx Europe Crossover).

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The European Central Bank has published two consultation papers on fallback trigger events and fallback rates for EURIBOR. Responses to the consultations should be submitted by January 15, 2021.

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The Financial Stability Board has published a report on the Implications of Climate Change for Financial Stability. The report breaks climate-related financial stability risks down into three key categories: (i) physical risks (i.e., risks of economic losses caused by natural catastrophes); (ii) transition risks (i.e., risks arising from the process of adjusting to a low carbon economy); and (iii) liability risks (i.e., risks arising from parties being held liable for losses caused by environmental damage).

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The European Supervisory Authorities have published final draft amending Regulatory Technical Standards on the application of EU bilateral margining requirements and the clearing obligation under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation in light of Brexit. The draft RTS are set out in two separate reports – one published jointly by the ESAs (covering the bilateral margining requirements for uncleared derivatives), the other published by the European Securities and Markets Authority (covering the clearing obligation for certain derivatives).

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The Financial Stability Board has published a 2020 progress report on Reforming Major Interest Rate Benchmarks.

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The U.K. Financial Conduct Authority has launched a consultation on its proposed policy for exercising the new benchmark powers that are being introduced into U.K. law under the Financial Services Bill. Among other things, the Financial Services Bill includes potential enhanced powers for the FCA to wind-down a critical benchmark and deal with tough legacy contracts. The increased powers are being introduced in response to concerns and uncertainty about the transition from LIBOR to risk free rates by the end of 2021. Responses to the consultations may be submitted until January 18, 2021. 

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The Financial Stability Board has issued a final report and guidance on financial resources to support CCP resolution and on the treatment of CCP equity in resolution. The FSB consulted on the guidance in 2018, stating that, in its view, further evidenced-based guidance was needed to develop the guidance, such as the practical experience of resolution planning that resolution authorities and Crisis Management Groups have gained.

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