The Federal Reserve Board announced that it was appointing Kenneth Montgomery as its payment security strategy leader. In this role, Mr. Montgomery will chair the Secure Payments Task Force, and lead the Federal Reserve’s efforts to increase security and safety of the U.S. Payments system.

View Federal Reserve press release regarding the appointment.
 

The Financial Conduct Authority has published a Policy Statement setting out new Handbook rules and guidance to implement some of the recommendations arising from the Financial Advice Market Review launched by the FCA jointly with HM Treasury in August 2015.

Read more.

The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System announced final plans for the production of three new reference rates regarding overnight repurchase transactions of Treasury Securities. The rates will be produced by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, in consultation with the US Office of Financial Research. The three rates—Tri-Party General Collateral Rate, Broad General Collateral Rate, and Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR)—are based on transaction-level data from segments of the repurchase market, and were the subject of an August 30, 2017 Federal Reserve Board request for public comment. The three interest rates will be constructed to reflect the cost of short-term secured borrowing in highly liquid and robust markets and each rate will be calculated as a volume-weighted median of transacted rates. The FRBNY intends to begin publishing these rates in the second quarter of 2018.  The Federal Reserve Board also noted that although the Alternative Reference Rates Committee selected (in June 2017) SOFR as its recommended alternative to U.S. Dollar LIBOR, the details of the transition from U.S. Dollar LIBOR are outside the scope of the request for comment and this announcement.

View Federal Reserve Board press release and corresponding notice.

The Federal Reserve Board announced a suite of proposals intended to increase the transparency of its stress testing program. One key aspect of the proposals is intended to increase transparency in the modeling used by the Federal Reserve Board to estimate hypothetical losses in its stress testing, including in the Comprehensive Capital Analysis and Review (CCAR). Specifically, the Federal Reserve Board will make available certain information available to the public that has previously not been released: (i) a range of loss rates, estimated using the Federal Reserve Board's models, for loans held by CCAR firms; (ii) portfolios of hypothetical loans with loss rates estimated by the Federal Reserve Board's models; and (iii) more detailed descriptions of the Federal Reserve Board's models, such as certain equations and key variables that influence the results of those models. The Federal Reserve Board is also seeking comments on a proposed “Stress Testing Policy Statement” that would increase transparency around the development, implementation, and validation of models used by the Federal Reserve Board in its CCAR and Dodd-Frank Act Stress Test (DFAST) processes. Finally, the Federal Reserve Board proposed modifications to its framework regarding annual hypothetical economic scenarios. Specifically, the proposal will clarify when the Federal Reserve Board may make changes to certain factors used in the framework, including changes to the unemployment rate and house price index.

Read More.

A Commission Implementing Regulation on the extension of the transitional periods related to own funds requirements for exposures to CCPs set out in the Capital Requirements Regulation and European Markets Infrastructure Regulation has been published in the Official Journal of the European Union. Thirty-two third country CCPs have been recognized by the European Securities and Markets Authority to date. However, there are still third country CCPs that are awaiting recognition status. Without an extension of the transitional periods, banks and investment firms in the EU (or which are subject to consolidated supervision in the EU) would need to increase their own funds requirements for their exposures to those CCPs that are not yet recognized. The Implementing Regulation extends the transitional period to June 15, 2018.

The proposals to amend the CRR include an amendment to these transitional provisions. The proposed amendment would remove the need for the European Commission to continuously extend the transitional period by basing the transitional deadline instead on the timing of an application for recognition by a third country CCP.

View the Implementing Regulation.

The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision has published a discussion paper on the regulatory treatment of sovereign exposures. The discussion paper sets out the issues raised by the Task Force on Sovereign Exposures, which the Basel Committee set up in 2015, and presents potential ideas for addressing those issues. The Basel Committee's view is that all sovereign exposures entail risk but they also play an important role in the banking system, financial markets and broader economy. The suggestions presented in the discussion paper seek to balance the prudential risks with the Basel Committee's mandate to enhance financial stability.

Read more.

The Joint Committee of the European Supervisory Authorities has published a final report setting out revised draft Implementing Technical Standards for the assessment of credit quality under the Capital Requirements Regulation. Under the CRR, firms that use the Standardised Approach to credit risk (rather than the internal ratings based approaches or internal models) can use external credit assessments to determine the credit quality of exposures. Credit quality can be determined by reference to the credit assessments of External Credit Assessment Institutions. The corresponding risk weight to which an exposure's credit quality should be mapped to establish the credit risk of that exposure is set out in an Implementing Regulation published in October 2016. ECAIs are defined as credit rating agencies registered or certified in accordance with the Credit Rating Agency Regulation or any central banks issuing ratings that are exempt from the application of the CRA Regulation.

Read more.

US FRB of NY Executive VP Kevin Stiroh spoke at a culture roundtable session regarding misconduct, risk, culture, and supervision. The remarks were based on a white paper that was published the same day. Mr. Stiroh’s remarks focused primarily on employee misconduct risk in the financial services industry, noting that since 2008 financial institutions have paid over $320 billion in related fines. Mr. Stiroh also highlighted the damaging effect that employee misconduct has not only on the employer and financial institutions, but also on the financial system as a whole. Mr. Stiroh contended that misconduct is the result of low cultural capital—a confluence of processes and procedures, stated values, and senior management and employees who are empowered to reinforce and conduct their day-to-day activities that promotes a culture of compliance. Mr. Stiroh also suggested that lack of cultural capital may be the result of market failures brought about by factors such as externalities, principal-agent problems and adverse selection, arguing that one possible means to remedy these issues is through internal supervision; with supervisors willing to support a culture of compliance, close gaps in rules, and advance value of safe and sound practices. To this end, Mr. Stiroh highlighted to attendees the important role that supervisors play in maintaining high levels of cultural capital at financial institutions.

View Mr. Stiroh's speech.

The European Banking Authority has published a cumulative impact assessment setting out its analysis of the impact of the finalized "Basel III" prudential framework on EU banks.

Read more.

The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision has published the last part of the Basel III reforms. The revisions are to the standardized approach and the Internal Ratings-Based approach for credit risk, the Credit Valuation Adjustment risk framework, the leverage ratio framework, including the introduction of a leverage buffer for Global Systemically Important Banks, the operational risk framework and the new output ratio floor. The revised standards will take effect from January 1, 2022 and will be phased in over five years.

The revisions to the standardized approach to credit risk include, among other things, recalibrating the risk weights for rated exposures to banks, a specific risk weight for exposures to small and medium-sized enterprises, a standalone treatment of exposures to project finance, object finance and commodities finance, more risk-sensitive approaches for exposures for residential and commercial real estate, subordinated debt, equity exposures and unrated exposures to banks. There is also a new standalone treatment for covered bonds.

The IRB approach for credit risk has been amended by: (i) removing the option to use the advanced IRB approach for certain asset classes, including for exposures to large and mid-sized corporates, banks and other financial institutions and for exposures to equities; (ii) adopting "input" floors; and (iii) providing more specification of parameter estimation practices to reduce risk-weighted asset variability.

Read more.

The Federal Reserve Board, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation announced their joint support for the finalization by the Basel Committee of the “Basel III” agreement on bank capital standards, which were formulated initially in response to the financial crisis. The revised international standards will take effect in January 2022 and will be phased in over five years.  The agencies announced that they will be considering how to best implement these standards in the United States, and that all proposed changes will be effected through the procedures of standard notice-and-comment rulemaking.

View FRB press release on joint-agency announcement.

View FDIC press release on joint-agency announcement.

View OCC press release on joint-agency announcement.

The Prudential Regulation Authority has launched a consultation on model risk management principles for stress testing. The PRA is proposing a set of four principles which are intended to assist firms in developing and implementing policies and procedures to identify, manage and control the risks inherent in the use of stress test models. The principles will be set out in a new Supervisory Statement entitled "Model risk management principles for stress testing", a draft of which is provided in the annex to the consultation paper. The Supervisory Statement would present the PRA's expectations on the model risk management practices firms should adopt when using stress test models.

The four proposed principles are that:
1. Banks have an established definition of a model and maintain a model inventory.
2. Banks have implemented an effective governance framework, policies, procedures and controls to manage their model risk.
3. Banks have implemented a robust model development and implementation process, and ensure appropriate use of models.
4. Banks undertake appropriate model validation and independent review activities to ensure sound model performance and greater understanding of model uncertainties.

Read more.

The Joint Committee of the European Supervisory Authorities has published a final Report and final draft joint Regulatory Technical Standards on the measures that financial institutions should take to mitigate the risks of money laundering and terrorist financing where a third country's laws do not permit the application of group-wide policies and procedures. The Fourth Money Laundering Directive, which entered into force on June 26, 2015, requires a financial institution to put policies and procedures in place to mitigate and manage the money laundering and terrorist financing risks to which it is exposed. Where a financial institution is part of a group, the policies and procedures must be implemented at group level. Additional policies and procedures must be implemented where a financial institution has a branch or majority-owned subsidiary in a third country whose laws do not allow the implementation of group-wide policies.

Read more.

HM Treasury has published the second UK Investment Management Strategy which sets out the UK Government's long-term strategy for ensuring that the UK remains a globally competitive location for asset management. The Government believes that action should be taken now to respond to the challenges and the opportunities for the asset management industry arising out of Brexit, and that this is the best time to renew the 2013 Strategy, which focused mostly on fund domicile issues.

Read more.

The Prudential Regulation Authority has published a consultation paper proposing updates to the Pillar 2 reporting requirements. The PRA is proposing a new data item to capture stress testing data currently included in firms' Internal Capital Adequacy Assessment Process documents. The purpose is to enhance transparency and comparability in stress test data provided alongside ICAAP documents and to decrease the operational risks associated with capturing stress test data manually. The PRA is also proposing to reduce the frequency of reporting of the data items in the Reporting Pillar 2 part of the PRA Rulebook for some firms to take a more proportionate approach. In addition, the PRA proposes to consolidate the definition of several reporting parts of the PRA Rulebook into the Glossary.

The proposals are relevant to banks, building societies and PRA-designated investment firms. The proposed changes would impact the PRA rules, the Supervisory Statement on Pillar 2 Reporting (SS32/15) and the Statement of Policy on the PRA's methodologies for setting Pillar 2 capital.

The consultation closes on March 6, 2018. The PRA intends its final policy to take effect from October 1, 2018.

View the consultation paper.

The European Commission has published a Communication on further steps towards completing Europe's Economic and Monetary Union. The Commission is proposing several initiatives. First, the Commission is proposing a regulation to establish a European Monetary Fund. The EMF would replace the existing European Stability Mechanism and would act as a backstop to the Single Resolution Fund. Any support that the EMF provided to the SRF would need to be fully repaid by the Single Resolution Board from its own resources, including contributions from the industry. There are also proposals on new budgetary instruments for a stable euro area within the EU framework, changes to the Common Provisions Regulation, proposals to strengthen the Structural Reform Support Programme and a proposal to establish a European Minister of Economy and Finance. The Communication is supplemented by a proposed roadmap for implementing these steps over the next 18 months. The proposed roadmap indicates the dates by which certain of the Commission's proposed financial services legislation would be finalized. The risk-reduction package (amendments to the Capital Requirements framework and the Bank Recovery and Resolution Directive) would be finalized by mid-2018 and the Capital Markets Union legislative initiatives, including the review of the European Supervisory Authorities and the European Market Infrastructure Regulation, would be finalized by mid-2019.

View the Commission's Communication.

A Commission Implementing Regulation has been published in the Official Journal of the European Union, which amends the Implementing Technical Standards, published in 2014, for the reporting by institutions on own funds and the provision of financial information.

Read more.

The US Senate Committee on Banking, Housing & Urban Affairs announced the advancement of S. 2155, the “Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief and Consumer Protection Act.” This legislation was supported by 16 of the Banking Committee’s 23 members, and is intended to ease regulation on credit unions and smaller banks. On the same day, Vice Chairman of the FDIC Thomas Hoenig released a statement in support of the legislation, noting its goal is supporting economic growth, while easing the regulatory burden on smaller, less risky, financial institutions.

Read more.

The Packaged Retail and Insurance-based Investment Products Regulations 2017 have been published and will enter into force on January 1, 2018.

The Regulations implement in part the EU Regulation on key information documents for packaged retail and insurance-based investment products (PRIIPs Regulation). From January 1, 2018, the PRIIPs Regulation will introduce requirements on manufacturers of PRIIPs to produce a standardized Key Information Document in an official language of all EU countries into which offerings are made. It also requires those advising on or selling PRIIPs to provide retail investors with KIDs in good time before the investor enters into the investment.

This legislation has major implications for many parts of the financial sector, since PRIIPs as defined are likely to include most financial instruments (other than shares). For example, for bonds and exchange traded derivatives, new selling restrictions or disclosures are needed for many financial products.

The Regulations designate the Financial Conduct Authority as the competent authority for the purposes of the PRIIPs Regulation and confer enforcement powers on the FCA. The FCA will be empowered to make orders prohibiting persons from marketing PRIIPs or requiring them to suspend marketing. The FCA will also have the power to issue statements on contraventions of the PRIIPs Regulation and/or to impose penalties.

View the Regulations (S.I. 2017 No 1127).

View Correction Slip published on December 11, 2017.

View the Explanatory Memorandum.

The US OFR released its 2017 annual report to Congress and 2017 financial stability report. In connection with its release of these reports, the OFR notes that it has developed and implemented new vulnerability monitoring and stress index tools, which were used in preparing the OFR’s findings. The OFR reports outline 3 key threats to financial stability. First, the danger that cybersecurity threats pose not only to the financial industry, but also to the broader economy in general. The financial stability report notes that regulators are continuing to develop more robust cybersecurity standards, but that gaps still remain. The second threat discussed in the reports is the orderly resolution of a systemically important financial institution in the event of failure. The reports note that while the current framework makes orderly resolution more feasible, there are shortcomings in the framework with regard to nonbank financial institutions. The reports also highlight the important role that Orderly Liquidation Authority plays in resolution framework. Finally, the third key threat is the evolving structure of financial markets. Specifically the reports highlight the risks posed by lack of substitutes for essential services, such as settlement of US Treasury securities; market fragmentation, and replacing LIBOR with a new reference rate.

View OFR's 2017 Annual Report to Congress.

View OFR's 2017 FS Report.

The US Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, and the US Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation sent letters to Representative Blaine Luetkemeyer stating that they are considering seeking public input regarding improvements to the agencies’ Interagency Guidance on Leveraged Lending. Then Acting Comptroller of the US Office of the Comptroller of the Currency sent a similar letter to Representative Luetkemeyer in November. Representative Blaine Luetkemeyer had requested via letter that the agencies discontinue their enforcement of leveraged lending restrictions. The request by Rep. Luetkemeyer was predicated upon an October determination by the U.S. Government Accountability Office that the leverage lending guidance issued by the agencies fell under the Congressional Review Act. Because of this, the guidance may have no effect until it has been submitted to, and reviewed by, Congress.

The European Commission has adopted a Commission Implementing Decision on the equivalence of the legal and supervisory framework applicable to designated contract markets and swap execution facilities in the United States for the purposes of the trading obligation for derivatives under the Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation. From January 3, 2018 MiFIR will require that derivatives declared subject to the trading obligation must be traded on EU trading venues or third-country trading venues recognized by the European Commission as equivalent. Derivatives that will be subject to the trading obligation are euro, dollar and pound interest rate swaps in the most common benchmark tenors, as well as index-based credit default swaps.

Read more.

Senate Banking Committee overwhelmingly approved the nomination of Jerome Powell as Fed Chairman by a vote of 22-1, with only Sen. Elizabeth Warren in opposition. The nomination now goes to the full Senate.

The Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond named Thomas Barkin as its President and Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Barkin’s appointment will take effect on January 1, 2018. Mr. Barkin was appointed by the eligible directors of the Richmond Fed, and approved by the Federal Reserve Board. Mr. Barkin had previously served as a member of the board of directors for the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta from 2009 to 2014.

View the Federal Reserve Bank of New York  press release regarding the appointment.

The Federal Reserve Board issued a notice of proposed rulemaking regarding amendments to Regulation A. The proposed amendments would revise the provisions with regard to the establishment of the primary credit rate at the discount window in a financial emergency. Under the proposal, the primary credit rate in a financial emergency will be the target federal funds rate, or, the top of the target range, if the Federal Open Market Committee has established a target range for the federal funds rate. The Federal Reserve Board also proposes to delete provisions that relate to the use of credit ratings for collateral for extensions of credit under the Term Asset-Backed Securities Loan Facility to reflect the expiration of this program. Comments on the proposal are due on January 8.

View notice of proposed rulemaking.

The UK Competition & Markets Authority has launched a consultation on its proposed focus areas for 2018/2019. The consultation paper sets out the CMA's draft plans and priorities and a number of key commitments and initiatives across the areas of: markets and mergers, CMA development and resources, enforcement and preparing for the UK's exit from the EU. The CMA proposes, among other things, to deal with a higher volume of enforcement cases, advance consumer protection, support business compliance, consider specific markets or practices, enhance its processes around assessing mergers, improve the effects of remedies by conducting evaluations of previous projects, enhance its operational effectiveness by establishing a new digital team and to continue its preparation for Brexit. The CMA has secured additional funding for the 2017/2018 financial year to enable it to prepare for the anticipated increase in cases that will fall within the CMA's remit post-Brexit. The CMA notes that the additional £2.8 million funding per year from 2018/19, allocated in the Autumn budget, will enable it to initiate more enforcement cases against companies allegedly acting unfairly.

The consultation closes on January 14, 2018. The CMA intends to publish its final Annual Plan in March 2018.

View the consultation paper.

The US Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System announced that it voted to maintain the countercyclical capital buffer at its current level of 0%. In coming to this decision, the Federal Reserve Board consulted with the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, and followed the framework established in the Federal Reserve Board’s corresponding policy statement.  The countercyclical capital buffer is a tool that can increase financial system resiliency by providing financial institutions with a means to absorb higher losses in times of declining or fluctuating credit conditions.

View press release discussing the Federal Reserve Board’s determination.

Following its 2015 Call for Evidence on the EU regulatory framework for financial services, the Commission has issued a report on progress on the targeted follow-up measures to the Call for Evidence, which was set out in a November 2016 Communication. Alongside the progress report, the European Commission has launched a consultation on supervisory reporting requirements. Some of the respondents to the Call for Evidence had highlighted overlaps and inconsistencies between reporting requirements in certain pieces of financial legislation, a reportedly excessive number of requirements, as well as, at times, insufficient clarity as to what needs to be reported and an insufficient use of international standards. Other respondents also highlighted the costs (including IT costs) of implementing reporting requirements and a number of respondents had mentioned that many EU Member States gold-plate the requirements.

The consultation seeks feedback in a number of areas, with the aim of gaining evidence on the cost of compliance with existing EU level supervisory reporting requirements, as well as on the consistency, coherence, effectiveness, efficiency, and added value of those requirements. The feedback from the consultation will provide important guidance to the Commission when preparing, if considered appropriate, a formal Commission proposal.

Comments on the consultation are invited by February 28, 2018.

View the Consultation Paper.

View Progress Report on the Call for Evidence.

View the November 2016 Communication.

View Press Release.

Vice Chairman for Supervision of the US Federal Reserve Board Randal Quarles provided remarks at the 2017 Financial Stability and Fintech Conference regarding innovation in the payments system. Vice Chairman Quarles noted that technological innovation has greatly changed our day-to-day lives, including in the financial services industry, but cautioned that utility and innovation need to be weighed against the potential ramifications that innovation has on the safety and soundness of the financial system. He noted that this tension is not intrinsically negative, but that care should be taken to maintain stability and safety. Vice Chairman Quarles provided commentary on digital currencies, stating that it may be important to separate underlying technology, such as distributed ledger technology, from the overall concept of digital currency itself. He expressed concerns regarding the wide-spread use of digital currency in its current form, and further cautioned that central-bank-issued digital currency may not be a viable alternative, noting that the latter would require extensive review and consultation about legal and risk issues.  However, he noted that research into digital currency issues, including for use as a settlement asset for wholesale payment systems should continue. In closing, Vice Chairman Quarles noted that prudent innovation may be the best course of action to balance the need for innovation with the need for stability.

View transcript of Vice Chairman Quarles’s remarks.

The Payment Systems and Services and Electronic Money (Miscellaneous Amendments) Regulations 2017 have been published and will enter into force in part on December 22, 2017 and in part on January 13, 2018.

Read more.

The Financial Stability Board has launched a consultation on proposed guidance on two aspects of recovery and resolution of global systemically important banks. The first consultation proposes guidance on the principles of bail-in execution, and the second on the funding strategy elements of an implementable resolution plan. Both of these proposals relate to the implementation of the FSB's Key Attributes of Effective Resolution Regimes for Financial Institutions, published in 2011.

The first consultation on bail-in execution proposes a set of principles to assist resolution authorities developing bail-in resolution strategies and making resolution plans for G-SIBs operational. The FSB's Key Attributes provide for the bail-in powers that resolution authorities should have to carry out bail-in within a resolution and the Total Loss-absorbing Capacity standard sets the minimum requirements for the instruments and liabilities that should be available for bail-in. The FSB is proposing the new guidance because these omit operational aspects of executing bail-in and they consider that guidance is needed to address the challenges that have emerged in operationalizing bail-in.

Read more. 

The Trump Administration announced that Marvin Goodfriend has been nominated as a Member of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. Dr. Goodfriend is nominated to fill the vacancy from the resignation of Sarah Bloom Raskin, and if confirmed, Dr. Goodfriend would serve a 14 year term.

View the White House press release regarding Dr. Goodfriend’s nomination.

The OCC published a final rule requiring all covered qualified financial contracts of covered banks to contain a contractual stay-and-transfer provision. This provision is similar to the stay-and-transfer provision that is statutorily required under Title II of the Dodd-Frank Act and the Federal Deposit Insurance Act. The OCC final rule also limits the exercise of default rights in the event of the insolvency of a covered bank’s affiliate. In connection with these provisions, the final rule makes conforming changes to the OCC’s capital adequacy standards and liquidity risk measurement standards. The Federal Register notice notes that the final rule is substantively identical to the provision adopted by the Federal Reserve Board and by the FDIC. The OCC final rule will take effect January 1, 2018.

View the final rule.

The Banking Act 2009 (Service Providers to Payment Systems) Order 2017 has been published and will enter into force in part on November 30, 2017 and in part on January 13, 2018.

Read more.

The European Commission has published a proposed Regulation to formalize the decision to move the European Banking Authority from London to Paris as a result of the decision by the UK to leave the EU. The proposed Regulation will apply from the date on which the European Union Treaties cease to apply to the UK or from March 30, 2019, whichever is earlier. The proposed Regulation only confirms the move and does not address any of the operational aspects.

Feedback on the proposed Regulation is possible until January 29, 2018. 

View the proposed Regulation.

The Financial Conduct Authority has published a Statement of Objections issued to four asset management firms under the Competition Act 1998. Using its competition enforcement powers for the first time, the FCA alleges that Artemis Investment Management LLP, Hargreave Hale Ltd, Newton Investment Management Limited and River & Mercantile Asset Management LLP shared information by exchanging information concerning the price they intended to pay in relation to initial public offerings and a placing, shortly before the prices were set. The FCA's provisional view is that they have infringed competition law. The firms have the opportunity to respond to the allegations. Individuals that could materially assist in the FCA's assessment of the case may request a non-confidential version of the statement of objections from FCA by no later than January 12, 2018.

View the FCA's Statement of Objections.

The US Department of Labor issued a notice extending the transition period for the Best Interest Contract exemption, and other exemptions, from the prohibited transaction provisions of the Fiduciary Rule for an additional 18 months, from January 1, 2018 to July 1, 2019, in order to give the Department additional time to review the public comments received on the exemptions and to consider the impact of the exemptions on the market. In the interim, financial institutions and advisers subject to the Fiduciary Rule must continue to follow the Impartial Conduct Standards set forth in the BIC to the extent they receive forms of compensation that are otherwise prohibited by ERISA and the Code.

View text of the notice.

The US Senate Committee on Banking, Housing & Urban Affairs held the nomination hearing of Jerome Powell to serve as Chair of the Federal Reserve Board. Governor Powell’s written testimony briefly discussed his background and the Federal Reserve Board’s policy goals of maximum employment and price stability. Governor Powell acknowledged the Federal Reserve Board’s efforts to tailor regulation to a bank’s size and risk profile but stressed, however, that balance must be maintained between easing of regulatory burdens and preserving core regulatory reforms. Senator Sherrod Brown and Mike Crapo each expressed some degree of support for Governor Powell. Senator Crapo spoke briefly about the regulatory burden on the financial industry, especially with regard to smaller community institutions, and referenced bipartisan legislation that has been introduced to alleviate some of these burdens. Senator Brown, on the other hand, cautioned against deregulation, and expressed concerns about the direction of financial regulation under the current Administration.

View Governor Powell’s written testimony.

View Senator Brown’s opening statement.

View Senator Crapo’s opening statement.

Federal Reserve Bank of New York President and CEO William Dudley delivered remarks to attendees of the Evolving Structure of the US Treasury Market: Third Annual Conference. President Dudley’s remarks focused on the four priorities that were outlined in the Joint Staff Report on the Treasury flash event that occurred on October 15, 2014. These priorities include an increased need for collaboration between the public and private sectors with regard to Treasury market structure which will allow for a better understanding of the evolution of the Treasury market. The second priority discussed by President Dudley was increased data transparency regarding activities in the cash market which he argued will promote a robust and safe Treasury market, and allow for more timely response to issues that arise. A third, and related, priority raised by President Dudley is the market practices and risks associated with the Treasury market, noting that the opacity of the clearance and settlement practices can lead to information asymmetry and mispricing of risks. Finally, President Dudley discussed the importance of interagency monitoring of the Treasury market.

View transcript of President Dudley’s remarks.

Keith Noreika, First Deputy Comptroller of the Currency discussed whether bank holding companies are obsolete, a topic he described as both timely and complex. Mr. Noreika, newly relieved of his post as Acting Comptroller, contended that the correct question to be asking is whether bank holding companies are a universally sound practice for all banks, noting that they may inherently be more valuable for large, complex, institutions, as compared to smaller, more traditional banks. He suggested that many of the reasons why bank holding companies were established initially are no longer as large of a concern given the evolution of state and federal laws and regulation. Moreover, he contended that while operating a bank holding company results in very high compliance and regulatory costs, in many instances, the powers granted to banks have expanded, while those granted to bank holding companies have narrowed. Mr. Noreika also noted that while bank holding companies may be a tool for reducing systemic risk, they are not the only tool that can accomplish this end and presented alternatives to the bank holding company construct such as merging the holding company into the bank.

View transcript of Mr. Noreika’s remarks.

The European Central Bank has launched a consultation on the high level features of a new unsecured overnight interest rate for euro transactions, following its announcement of its intention to develop a new interest rate benchmark on September 21, 2017. This new ECB rate will represent the euro unsecured money market in the very short tenor (i.e. overnight) and will be based entirely on transactions in euro that are reported by banks in accordance with the ECB's money market statistical reporting. It will complement existing benchmark rates produced by the private sector and serve as a backstop reference rate.

This consultation is the first consultation in a process which, over the next two years, will see the ECB defining precisely what the new rate intends to measure, developing the calculation methodology and testing the robustness of the rate. The ECB is seeking feedback on a number of aspects in the design of the rate, including on the proposed definition of the rate's underlying interest and the scope of the rate. The ECB also welcomes feedback on any other high-level features or issues which should be taken into account.

Comments are invited by January 12, 2018. The ECB intends to produce the new rate by 2020.

View ECB consultation paper.

The Financial Policy Committee of the Bank of England has published the latest UK Financial Stability Report. The FPC notes that the UK banking system is resilient and that UK banks are stronger than they were 10 years ago. The results of the stress test show that no bank needs to improve its capital position. However, as a result of the stress test, the FPC has decided to raise the UK countercyclical buffer rate from 0.5% to 1% from November 28, 2018. In addition, the Prudential Regulation Committee will set capital buffers for individual banks. The FPC will reconsider the countercyclical buffer rate during the first half of 2018.

The FPC continues to assess the risks posed by Brexit and concludes that Brexit presents a material risk to the provision of financial services to customers in both the UK and the EU. Three main risks are discussed: risks associated with bringing EU legislation into UK law through the Great Repeal Bill, risks to the continuity of outstanding cross-border contracts and risks presented by barriers to cross-border financial services provision.

The FPC considers that the extent and nature of the changes to be brought in through the Great Repeal Bill will depend on the terms of the UK's withdrawal agreement and there is a tight timeframe in which it all needs to be achieved. In addition to the Great Repeal Bill, secondary legislation is needed, and the regulators will need to change their rulebooks. Firms will also need to make changes to comply with the amended legal framework.

Read more. 

A Commission Delegated Regulation has been published in the Official Journal of the European Union, on the criteria for identifying a liquid market for package orders under the Markets in Financial Instrument Regulation.

The Delegated Regulation sets out criteria for identifying package orders for which there is a liquid market as a whole and provides further asset-class specific criteria to be met where a package order consists exclusively of interest rate derivatives, equity derivatives, credit derivatives or commodity derivatives.

View the Commission Delegated Regulation.

Joseph Otting was sworn in by Secretary of the US Department of the Treasury Steve Mnuchin as the 31st Comptroller of the Currency. Comptroller Otting was previously confirmed by the US Senate on November 16, 2017. Comptroller Otting replaces Keith Noreika, who had been serving as Acting Comptroller of the Currency since May 2017.

View the OCC press release regarding Comptroller Otting.

The European Commission has adopted a draft Delegated Regulation setting out Regulatory Technical Standards on the security measures for strong customer authentication along with common and secure open standards for the communication between account servicing payment service providers, payment initiation service providers, account information service providers, payers, payees and other payment service providers in relation to the provision and use of payment services.

Read more.

The European Banking Authority has repealed these Guidelines, published in 2013, because they have been replaced by Implementing Technical Standards on supervisory reporting of institutions, as amended in the 2016 ITS on supervisory reporting by firms of the liquidity coverage requirement, which became effective in September 2016.

View the EBA's announcement.

A Commission Delegated Regulation amending the Capital Requirements Regulation has been published in the Official Journal of the European Union. Under CRR, for banks investing in covered bonds that meet certain criteria, a preferential risk weight is applied. The amending Regulation makes permanent the derogation previously available to national regulators to waive the own funds requirement for certain covered bonds. The CRR sets a transitional date of December 31, 2017 for the waiver to be available.

The amending Regulation follows the European Banking Authority's recommendations on the EU covered bond framework published in 2014 and the European Commission's subsequent report on capital requirements for covered bonds published in 2015.

Read more.

The Financial Conduct Authority has confirmed that the 20 panel banks for the LIBOR benchmark have agreed to support LIBOR until at least 2021. The announcement follows the statement by the FCA's Chief Executive, Andrew Bailey, earlier this year that the future of LIBOR could not be guaranteed because the underlying markets (the markets for unsecured wholesale term lending to banks) are no longer sufficiently active. Work around moving from LIBOR to alternative reference rates is underway. For example, the Bank of England announced in October this year that the implementation date for the reformed Sterling Overnight Index Average Interest Rate Benchmark, known as SONIA, would be April 18, 2018. The BoE took over as administrator of SONIA in April 2016. The transition to the reformed SONIA is set for April 2018.

View the FCA's statement.

View Andrew Bailey's speech.

The Joint Committee of the European Supervisory Authorities has announced a review of the Regulatory Technical Standards under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation which include the requirement to exchange variation margin for physically-settled FX forwards.

EMIR requires counterparties to uncleared OTC derivative transactions to implement risk mitigation techniques to reduce counterparty credit risk. The RTS prescribe required margin amounts to be posted and collected and the methodologies by which the minimum amount of initial margin and variation margin should be calculated, as well as listing securities eligible as collateral, such as sovereign bonds, covered bonds, some securitization instruments, corporate bonds, gold and some equities. The variation margin requirements have applied to all counterparties since March 1, 2017 although they will only be applicable for physically-settled FX forwards from January 3, 2018.

Market participants have experienced difficulties in exchanging VM, in particular, in transactions with end-users. In addition, the EU's implementation of the international standards on margin exchange is more extensive than that in some other jurisdictions.

Read more. 

The Financial Conduct Authority has published a note on the compliance function in wholesale banks. The note sets out the key themes and issues arising from responses to an FCA questionnaire which was sent to 22 firms as well as the FCA's own observations. The questionnaire was sent to large global banks operating across several business lines, medium-sized firms focusing on specific areas or geographies and smaller UK firms, in order that the FCA could gain insight into how the function has changed over the past few years. The key themes are that compliance functions need to evolve in response to changes impacting the industry and that more strategic thinking is needed. The FCA has not asked individual firms to take any steps in response to the note. However, the FCA indicates that all firms and heads of compliance should use the note to develop their compliance function.

View the FCA's note.