The European Securities and Markets Authority published the results of a peer review it has conducted into how national regulators ensure and assess compliance by CCPs with the margin and collateral requirements under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation. Under EMIR, ESMA has a coordination role between national regulators to build a common supervisory culture and consistent supervisory practices. ESMA is required to conduct a peer review of the supervisory activities of the national regulators of CCPs at least annually. ESMA's report on the peer review provides an overview of the approaches of national regulators and sets out ESMA's assessment of the degree of convergence between those approaches. ESMA found inconsistencies in the frequency and depth of the supervision of CCPs (even for CCPs of a similar size or complexity). ESMA highlights various areas for improvement to enhance supervisory convergence, including identification of new services which require an extension of a CCP's authorization, determining significant changes to a CCP's risk model and the ongoing review of CCP collateral policies. The report sets out some examples of good practice that ESMA observed during the review, such as having direct access to the data of a supervised CCP. ESMA intends to follow up on the findings from the peer review by, amongst other things, identifying appropriate tools to enhance supervisory convergence. 

View ESMA's peer review report.

The FDIC released a handbook, developed to facilitate the process of establishing new banks, by offering guidance for navigating the phases of establishing an insured institution. The handbook, titled “Applying for Deposit Insurance—A Handbook for Organizers of De Novo Institutions,” is part of recent efforts by the FDIC to increase transparency and clarity regarding the deposit insurance application process. The standards in the Handbook relax certain requirements that had been imposed as a result of the financial crisis. Comments on the handbook are due February 20, 2017.

View handbook.

The European Commission announced the membership composition of the High-Level Expert Group on sustainable finance. The purpose of the Expert Group is to provide recommendations for a comprehensive EU strategy on sustainable finance as part of the Capital Markets Union. The Commission will draw on such recommendations when determining how to integrate considerations of sustainability into the EU’s rules for the financial sector. The Group’s advice will outline how the EU should design appropriate and proportionate financial policies, incentives and signals for financial institutions, corporate capital-raisers and markets to direct capital towards sustainable finance and to take operational steps to protect the stability of the financial system from risks related to the environment. The Group will start meeting as of January 2017. An interim report is expected around the middle of the year and a final report in December 2017.
 
View the announcement.

The Joint European Supervisory Authorities published an open letter notifying the European Commission that they would be unable to meet the deadline of December 26, 2016 for submitting final draft Regulatory Technical Standards supplementing the Fourth Anti-Money Laundering Directive. The 4AMLD mandates the ESAs (made up of the European Banking Authority, the European Securities and Markets Authority and the European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority) to draft RTS on the measures that banks and other financial institutions should undertake to manage the potential risks of money laundering and terrorist financing where they have branches or majority-owned subsidiaries in third countries that prohibit the implementation of AML and CTF measures consistent with those required by 4AMLD. The delay is attributed to the ESAs' prioritization of other mandates under the 4AMLD for the Joint Committee Work Programme 2016. The ESAs deprioritized the draft RTS as enquiries with regulators and ESA stakeholder groups suggested that there were no countries that prohibited the requisite implementation of AML and CFT measures. Consequently, unlike under other mandates under the 4AMLD, the draft RTS would have limited application in practice. The ESAs intend to start working on the mandate in 2017 and expect to be able to submit final draft RTS by December 31, 2017.

View the letter.

A Commission Implementing Decision was published in the Official Journal of the European Union, updating the list of third countries with equivalent regulatory arrangements in relation to prudential requirements for banks and investment firms for the purpose of the treatment of exposures. The Decision lists the countries whose arrangements for supervision and regulation of banks and investment firms are deemed by the European Commission to be equivalent to the standards of the EU as set out in the Capital Requirements Regulation. The Decision is based on assessments that reviewed the supervisory and regulatory arrangements in each country for: (i) banks; (ii) investment firms; and (iii) exchanges. The following nations and territory are now equivalent across categories (i) and (ii): Turkey, New Zealand, the Faroe Islands and Greenland. This Decision will enter into force on January 10, 2016.

View the list of equivalent third countries and territories.

The European Commission published a legislative proposal for a Directive on countering money laundering by criminal law. The proposed Directive is intended to harmonize and establish minimum rules concerning the definition of criminal offenses and sanctions in the area of money laundering. The proposed Directive would implement international obligations such as the Warsaw Convention and Financial Action Task Force recommendations. 
 
The proposed Directive provides for three specific money laundering activities that, when conducted intentionally, would be punishable as a criminal offense. Member States would be able to impose more stringent rules, for example, by making money laundering committed recklessly or by serious negligence a criminal offense. 

Read more.

The European Banking Authority published its third impact assessment report for the liquidity coverage ratio requirements under the Capital Requirements Directive and Capital Requirements Regulation, together known as CRD IV. CRR mandates the EBA to prepare the LCR impact assessment report annually. The aim of the report is to assess the impact of the EU's LCR regulation on the EU banking sector. The report indicates a constant improvement of the average LCR across EU banks since 2011. In addition, it states that the average LCR for EU banks at the end of December 2015 was approximately 134%, with an aggregate gross shortfall of EUR 10.9 billion. This increase has been attributed to an increase in liquid assets.

The EBA is also required to report to the European Commission on whether the EU's timeframe should be amended to fit with the Basel III timeline. The report reviews the phasing-in of the liquidity coverage requirements, in particular, assessing whether there is a case for deferring the introduction of the 100% minimum binding standard from January 1, 2018 until January 1, 2019. Under the CRR and related secondary legislation, the EU LCR minimum requirement was set at 60% from October 1, 2015 and is gradually increasing to 100% in January 2018, a year ahead of the Basel implementation date. The EBA concludes that there is no significant evidence to recommend amending the current transitional framework because the existing level of non-compliance with the LCR under full implementation is low.

View the report.

The Joint Committee of the European Supervisory Authorities published a report outlining final joint Guidelines for the prudential assessment of acquisitions and increases of qualifying holdings in the financial sector. The Joint Committee consists of the European Banking Authority, the European Securities and Markets Authority and the European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority. The final Guidelines follow a consultation on draft guidelines published on July 3, 2015, and will replace previous guidelines published by the ESAs’ predecessors in 2008.

The purpose of the final Guidelines is to provide legal certainty and clarity on assessment processes relating to increases of control and acquisitions of banks, investment firms and insurance firms, bringing a more harmonized, clear and transparent process in prudential assessments by national regulators. In addition, the final Guidelines seek to provide clearer details on what information is required from proposed acquirers. The guidelines cover questions related to: (i) indirect acquisitions of qualifying holdings, persons acting in concert and decisions to acquire; (ii) assessment periods; and (iii) financial soundness of acquirers. The report summarizes the main points and comments that were raised in the twelve responses to its Consultation. 

Read more.

The European Banking Authority published recommendations for harmonizing the EU framework for covered bonds. For banks investing in covered bonds that meet certain criteria, the Capital Requirements Regulation sets preferential risk weights to be applied. The recommendations are set out in a report which builds on the EBA's 2014 Report on EU covered bond frameworks and capital treatment. The aim of the recommendations is to ensure that only financial instruments which comply with certain harmonized structural, credit risk and prudential standards are capable of being covered bonds, and as such have access to the special regulatory and capital treatment provided. Harmonizing the EU framework on covered bonds is part of the Capital Markets Union initiative launched by the European Commission in September 2015

Read more.

Over the past month, President-elect Donald Trump has made several selections for key administration posts. Notably, President-elect Trump said he would nominate Steven Mnuchin to serve as Treasury Secretary. Mnuchin was the Trump campaign’s national finance chair. He is also a former Goldman Sachs Partner and led the investor group that acquired the failed IndyMac Bank from the FDIC and operated it as OneWest Bank. While serving as campaign finance chair, Mnuchin outlined some of the economic priorities of the Trump administration: in August he said that a Trump administration would be “focused on lowering business taxes, making sure that US corporations are competitive around the world, bringing back cash from all around the world that’s sitting offshore.” President-elect Trump has also chosen Wilbur Ross as Commerce Secretary, a businessman who has not held any previous public office.

The Joint Committee of the European Supervisory Authorities published a final Report containing Good Supervisory Practices for reducing sole and mechanistic reliance on credit ratings. The ESAs consist of the European Banking Authority, the European Securities and Markets Authority and the European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority. The purpose of the Report is to reduce the sole and mechanistic reliance on credit ratings, in accordance with requirements set out in legislation such as the Credit Rating Agencies Regulation, and to ensure a level of cross-sectoral consistency in the implementation of certain elements of the CRR. The ESAs have produced the report to assist regulators supervising entities such as banks, investment firms, insurance and reinsurance undertakings and investment companies. In particular, regulators' responsibilities of monitoring the adequacy of their supervised entities credit risk assessment processes, assessing the use of contractual references to credit ratings and encouraging them to mitigate the impact of any such references. The Report provides an overview of how regulators may approach their supervisory responsibilities under the CRA legislative package.

The Report contains two sets of common good practices. In the first, the ESAs propose a general framework for the monitoring of the use of credit ratings and the treatment of references to credit ratings in credit assessments. They also suggest potential alternatives or complementary measures to ratings and also how to address issues of proportionality arising from the varying scale and complexity of supervised entities. In the second set, there are specific practices to establish a common approach for supervision of how credit ratings are used across specific business processes, in particular, where credit ratings are most in danger of being used in a mechanistic way.

View the Report.

The Council of the European Union announced that it had reached an agreement with the European Parliament on prospectuses for the issuing and offering of securities. Finalization of the agreement comes after the provisional agreement reached on December 7, 2016. The draft Prospectus Regulation is part of the EU's Capital Markets Union plan. The proposed Prospectus Regulation will replace the current EU Prospectus Directive, revising the regime for companies to raise money on public markets or by public offer to potential investors. The aim is to simplify the rules and administrative obligations for companies wishing to issue shares or debt on the market and reducing the costs of preparing a prospectus, thus fostering cross-border investments in the single market, while at the same time still enabling investors to make informed investment decisions. Some compromise has been reached in the final agreement, such that no prospectuses will be required for capital raisings and crowdfunding projects up to EUR1 million. It has also been agreed, among other things, that the threshold beyond which the issuance of a prospectus is mandatory be increased from €5 million to €8 million in capital raised. Below that threshold, issuers can raise capital in accordance with rules set for local growth markets. The Council expects Parliament to approve the regulation at first reading, with the final text then to be submitted for adoption by the Council.  

View the Council's press release.

You may like to view our client note on the European Commission's proposal for a Prospectus Regulation.

The European Banking Authority published for consultation draft Guidelines on supervision of significant branches. The proposed Guidelines set out how the consolidating supervisor, the home supervisor and the host supervisor should cooperate to prudentially supervise and coordinate monitoring of significant branches requiring intensified supervision. An "intensification test" is proposed to assess which branches should be designated as significant-plus branches. Significant-plus branches will be those that are assessed as important for the firm of the group or as performing critical functions or as important for the financial stability of the host Member State. A branch that is assessed to be a significant-plus branch would be subject to intensified supervision which would entail, amongst other things, a separate branch risk assessment, regular on-the-spot checks and inspections, extensive sharing of supervisory intelligence, coordinated application of supervisory and precautionary measures and reflection of the branch in the firm&'s recovery planning. The consultation closes on March 20, 2017.

View the consultation paper.

The US CFTC issued time-limited no-action relief to derivatives clearing organizations (DCOs) and reporting entities for certain swaps reporting obligations amended by the Amendments to Swap Data Recordkeeping and Reporting Requirements for Cleared Swaps that was released on June 27, 2016. The no-action relief letter relieves DCOs from their obligations to report original swap terminations as required by the rule for up to six months or until DCOs can sufficiently test required changes to their reporting systems.

The CFTC also announced no-action relief for entities submitting swaps for clearing with DCOs acting under exemptive orders or no-action relief that has been provided by the CFTC. Entities submitting such swaps are relieved from obligations to terminate the original “alpha” swap and to report any swaps between DCO counterparties acting under such exemptive orders or no-action relief. Entities are also relieved from their obligation to report certain primary economic terms data fields for swaps intended to be cleared by such DCO counterparties as cleared swaps. The relief is conditioned upon the entity providing certain information to fulfil its reporting obligations.

View no-action letters.

Also view no-action letters.

The US Federal Reserve Board approved a final rule requiring large (generally defined as consolidated assets of $50 billion or more) depository institution holding companies, and certain nonbank financial companies supervised by the Federal Reserve, to publicly disclose their liquidity coverage ratio. The final rule requires these covered financial institutions to publicly disclose quantitative and qualitative information regarding their liquidity coverage ratio calculation on a quarterly basis. The disclosures must be made in a direct and prominent manner on the company’s public internet site or in a public financial or other public regulatory report and must remain available for five years. The Federal Reserve stated that requiring institutions to report their medium-term liquidity position would provide “a better indication of the overall strengths and weaknesses of a company’s liquidity position” rather than an examination of short-term swings in a company’s liquidity position. The final rule is similar to the rule proposed in November 2015; however, the rule as adopted extends the implementation timeline of the public disclosure requirements by nine months. Under the new rule, covered companies, which include those that have $700 billion or more in total consolidated assets or those that have $10 trillion or more in assets under custody, will need to start complying with the public disclosure requirements beginning on April 1, 2017. Other covered companies will be required to comply with the public disclosure requirements beginning on April 1, 2018.

View text of the final rule.

The US Federal Reserve, the FDIC, the US National Credit Union Administration and the OCC issued FAQs to assist institutions in implementing the new accounting standard for credit losses, which was recently issued by the US Financial Accounting Standards Board. The new standard, “Financial Instruments—Credit Losses,” replaces the existing incurred loss methodology in US GAAP and establishes the new current expected credit losses methodology (CECL). The FAQs expand on the “Joint Statement on the New Accounting Standard on Financial Instruments—Credit Losses,” which the agencies issued in June 2016. The agencies plan to continue issuing FAQs regarding the implementation of the CECL methodology.

View notice to the banks.

View FAQs.

The Joint Committee of the European Supervisory Authorities launched a consultation paper on the use of big data by financial institutions. The ESAs are the European Banking Authority, the European Securities and Markets Authority and the European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority. Big data refers to the collection, processing and use of high volumes of different types of data from various sources, using IT tools and algorithms. Big data is used to reveal patterns or correlations, to generate new ideas or solutions or to more accurately predict future events. The objective of the consultation is for the ESAs to better understand the impact of the increased use of big data on the financial industry and to assess whether any supervisory or regulatory actions are needed. The ESAs do not consider that the existing EU legislation on data protection, competition, consumer protection and sectoral financial services regulations explicitly addresses big data. The discussion paper seeks feedback on whether there is sufficient flexibility in the existing legislation to cover big data, whether there are any gaps and how the existing legislation impacts the use of big data by the financial services sector. Responses to the consultation are requested by March 17, 2017. The ESAs expect to publish their decision on next steps, if any, before the end of 2017. 

View the Discussion Paper. 

The Financial Stability Board published an updated progress report outlining its action plan to assess and address the decline in correspondent banking. Correspondent banking relationships enable banks to access financial services in different jurisdictions and provide cross-border payment services to their customers. There has been an increasing concern about the decline in the number of correspondent banking relationships because the ability to send and receive international payments could be impacted, which may have repercussions on growth and the stability and integrity of the financial system. The FSB presented a four point action plan to the G20 in November 2015. The progress report describes the progress that has been made and outlines the deliverables for 2017 to further address the issues. 

Read more.

The Financial Stability Board published a consultative paper containing draft Guiding Principles on the internal total loss-absorbing capacity or Internal TLAC of global systemically important banks. The FSB is proposing the Guiding Principles to support the implementation of the TLAC Standard. The TLAC Standard is designed to ensure that failing G-SIBs will have sufficient loss-absorbing and recapitalization capacity available in resolution. The FSB committed to develop implementation guidance on the TLAC Standard, in particular for internal TLAC. Internal TLAC is the loss-absorbing resources that a resolution entity commits to its material subsidiaries. The proposed Guiding Principles cover, among other things: (i) the process for identifying material sub-groups, the composition of sub-groups, the distribution of internal TLAC between the entities within material sub-groups and the treatment of unregulated or non-bank entities; (ii) the role of home and host authorities and the factors to be considered when determining the size of the internal TLAC requirement; (iii) practical considerations relating to the issuance and composition of internal TLAC; (iv) the trigger mechanism for internal TLAC; and (v) cooperation and coordination between home and host authorities in triggering the write-down and/or conversion into equity of internal TLAC. Responses to the consultation are due by February 10, 2017. The FSB intends to review the technical implementation of the TLAC Standard by the end of 2019.

View the consultative paper.

US Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) announced that it is granting a further extension of time for certain Report of Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts (FBAR) filings. The extension was announced in light of the notice of proposed rulemaking FinCEN issued on March 10, 2016, which proposes to revise regulations implementing the Bank Secrecy Act regarding FBARs. Specifically, one of the proposed amendments in the notice would expand and clarify the exemptions for certain US persons with signature or other authority but no financial interests over foreign financial accounts. On December 8, 2015 FinCEN issued Notice 2015-1 to extend filing date for FinCEN Form 114 - FBAR for some individuals with signature authority over but no financial interest in one or more foreign financial accounts to April 15, 2017 (and has granted identical extensions that applied to similarly situated individuals since 2011). FinCEN is now further extending the filing due date to April 15, 2018, for individuals whose filing due date for reporting signature authority was previously extended by Notice 2015-1. This extension applies to reporting of signature authority held during the 2016 calendar year, as well as all reporting deadlines extended by previous Notices 2015-1, 2014-1, 2013-1, 2012-1 and 2012-2, along with Notices 2011-1 and 2011-2. For all other individuals with an FBAR filing obligation, the filing due date remains April 15, 2017.

View FinCEN Notice.
 

The UK Bank Recovery and Resolution Order 2016 came into force. The Order implements in part the Bank Recovery and Resolution Directive which sets out the framework for the recovery and resolution of banks and investment firms. The Order amends the Banking Act 2009, the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 and certain related secondary legislation to, amongst other things, ensure that the Bank of England as the UK's resolution authority and the Prudential Regulation Authority and Financial Conduct Authority as the regulators have powers to manage the failure of a bank or investment firm and their group companies to ensure that critical functions continued to be performed. The Order also provides specific powers to the PRA and FCA to replace directors and senior managers and appoint temporary managers in accordance with the BRRD, amends provisions relating to triggers of contractual termination rights and adds new provisions relating to the resolution of UK branches of third-country institutions.

View the Order.

The International Organization of Securities Commission published its final Report outlining Guidance on reporting in compliance with its Principles for Financial Benchmarks. The purpose of the Guidance is to increase the consistency and quality of reporting by Benchmark Administrators on their compliance with the Principles, which were published in July 2013. The Principles outline a set of recommended practices that should be implemented by Benchmark Administrators and Submitters. The Report follows a survey of 29 benchmarks conducted by IOSCO, to identify any relevant challenges and issues, on topics such as the status of their implementation of the Principles and the number of benchmarks they administered. IOSCO developed the Guidance on the feedback received.  

View the Report.

View the Principles. 

The Financial Conduct Authority published its fourth consultation paper on the implementation of the revised Markets in Financial Instruments Directive in the UK. MiFID II regulates retail and wholesale investment business. The consultation covers technical matters that were outside the scope of previous consultations and includes proposed changes to the FCA Handbook on specialist regimes, tied agents, market data, SME growth markets and transitional fees. 

The FCA is proposing to update section 18 of the Conduct of Business sourcebook of the Handbook by updating cross-references to correspond to the FCA's proposed changes to other sections of COBS. COBS 18 contains a number of tailored conduct regimes covering both MiFID and non-MiFID business, for specialist types of designated investment business. 

The FCA is proposing amendments to Handbook rules on appointed representatives to reflect the technical changes in MiFID II and the tied agents regime. The proposals are particularly relevant to firms undertaking MiFID or equivalent third country business. Under MiFID II, all Member States will be required to maintain tied agents regimes, whereas they currently have an option as to whether to do so. As a result, the FCA is seeking to clarify the territorial application of the appointed representative rules. MiFID II also changes the scope of permitted activities relating to structured products for tied agents and the FCA is proposing to introduce new definitions of “MiFID optional exemption AR” and “structured deposit AR”. The new terms will define the new populations of authorised representatives to which MiFID tied agent requirements will also apply.

Read more.

Ten decisions on the equivalence of third country regulatory regimes under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation were published in the Official Journal of the European Union. 

CCPs established in third countries whose supervisory and legal regimes have been deemed to be equivalent to the EU regime may provide clearing services to clearing members or trading venues established in the Union. Such a CCP must be recognized by the European Securities and Markets Authority in accordance with the processes outlined in EMIR. The regulatory and legal regimes of India, New Zealand, Japan, Brazil, Dubai International Financial Centre and the UAE have been granted equivalence in relation to CCPs. 

Read more.

The Financial Stability Board launched a consultation on proposed Guidance on continuity of access to financial market infrastructures for a firm in resolution. The FSB's Key Attributes of Effective Resolution Regimes for Financial Institutions provides that resolution authorities should develop resolution strategies and plans for firms that are systemically important. One objective of those plans is to ensure that a firm can maintain its critical functions during resolution. In particular, access to the services that support those functions, including access to services provided by FMIs such as clearing, payment, settlement and custody shared services, should be maintained.

The proposed Guidance is intended to assist national supervisors and resolution authorities to evaluate whether a firm has appropriate arrangements to support continuity of access to critical FMI services in all circumstances. The proposed Guidance covers the arrangements needed to support access to FMIs at the level of providers of critical FMI services, arrangements at the level of the firm and/or FMI participants and the role of FMI supervisors in facilitating continuity of access to critical FMI services. Responses to the consultation are requested by February 10, 2017.

View the consultation paper.

The European Central Bank published the outcome of its second Supervisory Review and Evaluation Process in 2016 and updated Recommendations on dividend distribution and remuneration policies for 2017. The ECB comments that SREP outcomes reveal a broadly stable capital demand for 2017 and that any changes in individual bank levels reflect changes in individual bank risk profiles. The aggregate capital demand by directly supervised banks for 2017 is comparable to that of 2016, with an average of around 10% Common Equity Tier 1. The ECB also imposed liquidity measures that require banks to have higher liquidity coverage ratios than the regulatory minimum. 

The updated ECB Recommendations on dividend distribution and remuneration policies are to be adopted in 2017, for the financial year 2016. The ECB has maintained its general stance on both topics whilst accounting for regulatory change on the obligation of the supervisor to differentiate between the types of Pillar 2 capital that a bank is required to hold. 

View the press release. 

View the recommendations.

The US CFTC issued a no-action relief letter for swaps executed between certain US swap market participants and their affiliated counterparties located in Australia or Mexico. The letter permits US swap market participants to rely on a provision of the inter-affiliate exemption from required clearing that has previously been available to counterparties located in the European Union, Japan, and Singapore. According to the CFTC, the letter was issued in light of the December 13, 2016 compliance date for the CFTC’s recent expansion of its clearing requirement to include fixed-floating interest rate swaps denominated in Australian dollars and Mexican pesos, as well as basis swaps denominated in Australian dollars.

View no-action relief letter.

The US Federal Reserve Board issued a final rule establishing total loss absorbing capacity (TLAC) long-term debt (LTD), clean holding company requirements and regulatory capital deductions for US global systemically important banks (G-SIBs) and the US intermediate holding companies of non-US G-SIBs. While the final TLAC rule is largely consistent with the Federal Reserve Board’s proposed rule issued in October 2015, the Federal Reserve Board made certain adjustments in the final rule in response to comments received. Notably, the Final Rule: (1) lowered certain of the TLAC and LTD requirements; (2) allows certain US intermediate holding companies to issue external LTD rather than require all such LTD to be issued to the foreign parent company or affiliate; (3) allows for the grandfathering of certain long-term debt including debt that was issued prior to December 31, 2016 and contained acceleration clauses or was governed by foreign law; and (4) removed the phase-in periods provided for under the proposed rule. Institutions that meet the relevant thresholds under the final rule would be required to comply with the requirements by January 1, 2019.

View final rule.

The US Office of the Comptroller of the Currency released a final rule to remove outdated or unnecessary provisions of certain rules to reduce regulatory burden. The rule is a result of the OCC’s decennial review of its rules required by the US Economic Growth and Regulatory Paperwork Reduction Act (EGRPRA) of 1996. While the OCC is conducting the EGRPRA review jointly with the other federal financial regulatory agencies, the final rule addresses regulations that are exclusive to the OCC. Of note, the final rule: removes notice and approval requirements for certain changes in permanent capital involving national banks; clarifies national bank director oath requirements; removes certain financial disclosure requirements for national banks;  integrates and updates OCC rules for national banks and federal savings associations relating to municipal securities dealers, Securities Exchange Act of 1934 disclosures, securities offering disclosures and insider and affiliate transactions; updates recordkeeping and confirmation requirements for national banks’ and federal savings associations’ securities transactions; and permits the electronic submission of filings required under the Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act. The OCC has also recommended legislative chances that would remove unnecessary burden for national banks and federal saving associations.

View final rule.

The European Securities and Markets Authority published proposals for amending the Regulatory Technical Standards on the data to be published and made available by trade repositories and operational standards for aggregating, comparing and accessing the data. The European Market Infrastructure Regulation requires trade repositories to regularly publish aggregate positions by class of derivatives on the contracts reported to it and to provide access to the data that it collects and maintains to relevant authorities and regulators. ESMA was responsible for preparing the original RTS on the frequency and the details of the information to be made available as well as the operational standards required for aggregation and comparison of data across trade repositories. 
 

A Commission Delegated Regulation outlining Regulatory Technical Standards supplementing the European Market Infrastructure Regulation on risk mitigation techniques for uncleared OTC derivatives was published in the Official Journal. EMIR requires counterparties to uncleared OTC derivative transactions to implement risk mitigation techniques to reduce counterparty credit risk. These RTS prescribe the regulatory margin amounts to be posted and collected and the methodologies by which the minimum amount of initial margin and variation margin should be calculated as well as outlining a broad list of securities eligible as collateral for the exchange of margins, such as sovereign securities, covered bonds, specific securitizations, corporate bonds, gold and equities.

The RTS provide for the largest counterparties to begin providing and collecting margin one month after the RTS enter into force. The requirements relating to variation margin will apply from one month after the RTS enter into force where both counterparties have, or belong to groups each of which has, an aggregate average notional amount of uncleared OTC derivatives above EUR 3,000 billion. For all other counterparties, the variation margin requirements will apply from the latest of 1 March 2017 or one month after the RTS enter into force.

Read more. 

The European Banking Authority published its final Report on the design and implementation of the minimum requirement for own funds and eligible liabilities framework. MREL is the EU equivalent of the US Total Loss Absorbing Capacity (known as TLAC) rule. The Report is addressed to the European Commission following publication of its proposed banking reform package on November 23, 2016 which included proposals to amend the Bank Recovery and Resolution Directive and the Capital Requirements Regulation to integrate the TLAC standard into the EU's MREL framework. The EBA does not currently consider that any changes to the key principles underlining the Regulatory Technical Standards (adopted by the Commission in May 2016) on the criteria for setting MREL are needed. The Report does, however, identify changes with a view to improving the technical soundness of the MREL framework and implementing the TLAC standard as a key component of that framework. The EBA has made recommendations on twelve topics.

Read more.

The European Banking Authority published final draft Regulatory Technical Standards on the cooperation and exchange of information between national regulators where an authorized payment institution would like to provide payment services in a Member State other than its home Member State (so-called passporting) under the Payment Services Directive (also known as PSD2). The Directive aims to make payments between Member States as secure, easy and efficient as those made within a Member State. PSD2 focuses on electronic payments and payment services within the EU, regulating new types of payment services and payment services providers, which are currently unregulated, and stimulating competition in the electronic payments market. The RTS aim to ensure that information about those entities that carry out business in EU Member States is exchanged between national regulators in a consistent way, that there is clarity for payment institutions about their regulatory requirements and specifies the information that is to be shared between national regulators. The EBA consulted on draft RTS in late 2015 and, having taken feedback into account, has made certain amendments to the final draft RTS, including removing some of the information requirements on payment institutions relating to governance arrangements and internal control mechanisms, outsourcing and the agent structural organization. In addition, the EBA has now provided separate templates for when a payment institution or e-money institution is using an agent or when a distributor is used. 

Read more.

The Financial Conduct Authority launched a consultation on the future funding of the Financial Services Compensation Scheme as well as changes to the FSCS rules. The FSCS is the compensation scheme for customers of UK authorized financial services firms. It covers the business conducted by firms authorized by the Financial Conduct Authority and the Prudential Regulation Authority and protects, subject to certain limits, deposits, investment business, home finance, insurance policies and insurance broking. The FSCS is funded by contributions from firms across the financial services sector. The FCA's consultation follows the Financial Advice Market Review, conducted by HM Treasury and the Financial Conduct Authority, which concluded that the scale and impact of FSCS levies has increased sharply for certain firms recently, particularly those required to contribute towards claims for self-invested personal pensions. This causes concerns relating to the unpredictability of levies and, in some sectors, a relatively small number of firms being responsible for a large proportion of compensation claims.  

Read more.

The European Banking Authority published final Guidelines on compliance with the regulatory disclosure requirements in the Capital Requirements Regulation. The EBA's Guidelines aim to ensure harmonized implementation of the Basel III Pillar 3 requirements that were released in January 2015. The Guidelines introduce specific guidance and formats for Pillar 3 disclosures, including tables and templates. The Guidelines will apply to Globally and Other Systemically Important Institutions. However, national regulators are able to require other firms to apply the Guidelines when complying with their Pillar 3 disclosure obligations under CRR. The Guidelines apply for year-end 2017 disclosures. However, the EBA recommends that G-SIIs implement these for year-end 2016 disclosures, and strongly encourages implementation of the guidelines for a limited subset of disclosure requirements relating to risk-weighted assets and capital requirements for the year-end 2016 disclosures.

View the final Guidelines. 

The US Federal Reserve Board and the FDIC announced that Bank of America, Bank of New York Mellon, JP Morgan Chase and State Street had adequately remedied all deficiencies in their 2015 resolution plans that caused the plans to be deemed “not credible” by the regulators. The Federal Reserve Board and the FDIC announced that Wells Fargo has not adequately remedied two of the firm’s three deficiencies and it is expected to file a revised submission addressing the deficiencies by March 31, 2017. Wells Fargo is subject to restrictions on activities until the deficiencies are remedied.

View press release.

The FDIC released a notice of proposed rulemaking that proposed amendments to its rule regarding recordkeeping requirements for qualified financial contracts (QFCs) (12 CFR Part 371). The rule currently requires an insured depository institution in troubled condition to maintain detailed recordkeeping requirements about its QFCs which would ultimately make it easier for the FDIC to transfer, disaffirm or repudiate such QFCs in the event of an FDIC receivership. The proposed rule would align Part 371 more closely with the QFC recordkeeping requirements adopted by the Secretary of the Treasury in connection with the Orderly Liquidation Authority under Title II of Dodd-Frank. The proposed rule would expand the scope of records required to be maintained under Part 371 and update the recordkeeping requirements accordingly.

View notice of proposed rulemaking.

The US Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, Federal Reserve Board and Office of Comptroller of Currency issued interagency final rules that increase the number of small banks and savings associations eligible for an 18-month examination cycle rather than a 12-month cycle. The purpose of the rules is to reduce regulatory compliance costs for smaller institutions, while maintaining safety and soundness protections.

Under the final rules, qualifying well-capitalized and well-managed banks and savings associations with less than $1 billion in total assets are eligible for an 18-month examination cycle. Previously, only firms with less than $500 million in total assets were eligible for extended examination cycle. Qualifying well-capitalized and well-managed US branches and agencies of foreign banks with less than $1 billion in total assets are also eligible.

These rules have been in effect since February 29, 2016, pursuant to interim final rules previously adopted by the agencies. After soliciting comment on interim final rules, the agencies have re-issued them as final rules. Final rules are identical to interim final rules.

View final rules.

The US Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System issued a statement of policy regarding how banking entities may seek an extension to conform their investments in certain illiquid hedge funds and private equity funds (covered funds) to the requirements of section 619 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, commonly known as the Volcker Rule. As noted below, any such extension requests must be submitted by January 21, 2017.

The Volcker Rule provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act permits the Federal Reserve Board, upon an application by a banking entity, to provide up to an additional five years to conform investments in certain legacy illiquid covered funds where the banking entity had a contractual commitment to invest in the fund as of May 1, 2010. The five-year extension for certain legacy illiquid covered funds is the last conformance period extension that the Federal Reserve Board is authorized to provide banking entities under the statute.

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The Federal Reserve appointed Andreas Lehnert as director of its Division of Financial Stability, effective December 25, 2016.

A Commission Implementing Regulation on the extension of the transitional periods related to own funds requirements for exposures to central counterparties set out in the Capital Requirements Regulation and European Markets Infrastructure Regulation was published in the Official Journal of the European Union. The authorization process for existing CCPs established in the European Union is complete but there are still third-country CCPs, notably some based in the US, that are awaiting recognition status. Without an extension of the transitional periods, banks and investment firms in the EU would need to increase their own funds requirements for their exposures to those CCPs that are not yet recognized. The implementing Regulation extends the transitional period by an additional six months to June 15, 2017. 

The recent proposals to amend the CRR published by the European Commission include an amendment to these transitional provisions. The proposed amendment would remove the need for the European Commission to continuously extend the transitional period by basing the transitional deadline instead on the timing of an application for recognition by a third country CCP. 

View the Implementing Regulation.

View more about the proposed amendments to CRR. 

The US Federal Reserve Board invited comment on a proposal to fully apply the Federal Reserve Board’s existing rating system for bank holding companies to savings and loan holding companies.

The Dodd-Frank Act transferred responsibility for the regulation and supervision of savings and loan holding companies to the Federal Reserve Board, effective July 2011. Since then, the Federal Reserve Board has applied its rating system to savings and loan holding companies on an “indicative” basis that describes how the savings and loan holding company would be rated. However, the assignment of an unsatisfactory indicative rating has not automatically triggered supervisory action.

The Federal Reserve Board’s rating system is in part used to determine the safety and soundness of a financial institution, as well as potential supervisory responses. Fully applying the rating system to both bank holding companies and savings and loan holding companies will help ensure consistent standards and supervision.

The proposal would fully apply the rating system to most savings and loan holding companies supervised by the Federal Reserve Board. However, it would not apply to savings and loan holding companies engaged in significant insurance or commercial activities. These firms would instead continue to receive indicative ratings.

Comments on the proposed rule must be received no later than February 13, 2017.

View proposed rule.
 

The US Federal Reserve announced the approval of technical amendments to its rule regarding risk-based capital surcharges for US-based global systemically important bank holding companies (GSIB surcharge rule), requiring those firms to hold additional amounts of risk-based capital to avoid restrictions on capital distributions and discretionary bonus payments. The changes would not materially alter the underlying rule approved by the Federal Reserve Board in July 2015.

Read more.

The Council of the European Union announced the conclusion of a provisional agreement with representatives of the European Parliament on new rules on prospectuses for the issuing and offering of securities. The draft Prospectus Regulation is part of the EU's Capital Markets Union plan. The proposed Prospectus Regulation will replace the current EU Prospectus Directive, revising the regime for companies to raise money on public markets or by public offer to potential investors. The aim is to simplify the rules and administrative obligations for companies wishing to issue shares or debt on the market and reducing the costs of preparing a prospectus, thus fostering cross-border investments in the single market, while at the same time still enabling investors to make informed investment decisions.

View the Council's press release.

You may like to view our client note on the European Commission's proposal for a Prospectus Regulation.

The European Commission published a report on benchmarking of diversity practices under the Capital Requirements Directive. The CRD requires banks and investment firms to ensure that the composition of management bodies is sufficiently diverse in terms of age, gender, geographical provenance, education and professional background. Firms are required to put in place a policy promoting management body diversity and to publish the report, the firm's objectives, relevant targets (if any) and the extent to which these have been met. The Commission is required to report to the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union on the results achieved as a result of the requirements of CRD and on the appropriateness of benchmarking diversity practices. The Commission found that improvements could still be made, both for having a policy in place and achieving greater diversity and highlighted the need for firms and supervisors to take steps to ensure that the policies are put in place. In addition, the Commission concluded that the benchmarking of diversity practices is a useful tool for assessing the impact and effectiveness of the CRD requirements over time and to monitor for compliance. The Commission does not consider that any legislative amendments are required at this time. 

View the report.

The Fixed Income, Currency and Commodities Markets Standard Board published guidelines on surveillance and training in wholesale markets. The guidance is outlined in the FMSB's Statement of Good Practice for Surveillance in Foreign Exchange Markets and Statement of Good Practice for Conduct Training. The Statement of Good Practice for Surveillance highlights the FMSB's Core Principles that firms should consider in advance of designing and implementing their surveillance measures in the foreign exchange markets, such as ensuring that: (i) the surveillance function is independent of front office; (ii) there are effective governance controls; and (iii) there is a regular review of surveillance systems to ensure that they are fit for purpose given the element of constant change in risk. It also identifies emerging practices to combat the risk of insider dealing and market manipulation, including the use of automated voice surveillance systems using techniques such as Natural Language Processing.

Read more.

The US Securities and Exchange Commission announced that Enforcement Director Andrew J. Ceresney will leave the agency by the end of the year. Upon Mr. Ceresney’s departure, Stephanie Avakian, Deputy Director of the SEC’s Enforcement Division, will become the Acting Director.

View SEC press release.

The US Federal Reserve Board published a notice in the Federal Register that it has finalized its proposed revisions to Form FR Y-7Q implementing the home country capital adequacy requirements prescribed in Sections 252.143(b) and 252.154(b) of Regulation YY. These revisions are effective December 31, 2016, except for the three new line items regarding a foreign banking organization’s (FBO) leverage ratio, which are effective March 31, 2018.

The Federal Reserve Board noted that the submission of the information required on Form FR Y-7Q constitutes compliance with both the home country capital adequacy reporting and the certification requirements of Regulation YY. Accordingly, commencing with the FR Y-7Q filings as of December 31, 2016, the Federal Reserve Board will treat each quarterly filing as a certification of the reporting FBO’s home country capital adequacy. The Federal Reserve Board also eliminated the proposed line items for Pillar II buffers and any “other” applicable capital buffer. However, it retained the line item for reporting home country GSIB buffers. Regarding confidentiality, the Federal Reserve Board considers all the required information to be publicly available, but will consider, on a case-by-case basis, requests by individual FBOs for confidential treatment of specific line items.

View the Federal Register notice.

The European Banking Authority launched a consultation on draft Guidelines on major incidents reporting under the Payment Services Directive 2. PSD2 requires payment service providers to notify their national regulator without delay of any major operational or security incident. The national regulator must assess the relevance of the incident to other authorities in its Member State and notify them accordingly. In addition, the national regulator must pass on the details of the incident to the EBA and the European Central Bank and, with them, assess the relevance of the incident to other EU bodies and Member States and notify them accordingly. 

The EBA is responsible for preparing Guidelines addresses to PSPs on the classification of major incidents and on the content, the format, including standard notification templates and the procedures for notifying an incident to their regulator. In addition, the EBA must prepare Guidelines for national regulators on the criteria for assessing the relevance of an incident and the details of the incident report to be shared with other authorities. Both Guidelines must be developed in close cooperation with the ECB. The EBA's consultation paper sets out the proposed Guidelines as developed by the EBA with the ECB. Responses to the consultation are requested by March 7, 2017. 

View the consultation paper.

The Payment Systems Regulator published proposals for remedying the lack of competition in the provision of UK payments central infrastructure for Bacs, FPS and LINK which means that the incumbent provider, VocaLink, faces limited competitive pressure and minimal incentives to provide more efficient and innovative services. 
The PSR published its final report on its market review into the ownership and payment infrastructure competitiveness in the UK on July 28, 2016. The final report identified the competition issues and outlined potential remedies, including undertaking competitive procurement exercises, such as issuing guidance and requiring operators of payment service providers to follow a prescribed set of processes and implementing enhanced interoperability, including a common international messaging standard, for Bacs and FPS, and divestment by the four largest shareholders in VocaLink. Following feedback to those initial proposals, the PSR is now consulting on mandating competitive procurement exercises for Bacs, FPS and LINK when the operators of these systems purchase central infrastructure services and introducing the ISO 20022 messaging standard in future procurements for Bacs and FPS. 

Read more.